1. OIL & GAS
MATURATION
GEOLOGY OF
OIL AND GAS
ZULFIAH
MUH. NAHRY FAUZAN
ABD. HAFIDZ
ANUGRAH DWINAL

2. PETROLEUM SYSTEM
Source rock
Migration
Reservoir rock
Trap
Seal

3. OIL & GAS
MATURATION
Berkaitan dengan:
a. Suhu
b. Tekanan
c. Kedalaman
d. waktu
Terjadi dalam atau dekat reservior pada waktu
atau setelah migrasi primer selesai, dan terdiri
dari suatu urutan perubahan diagenesa yang
menghasilkan hidrokarbon dari senyawa yang
lebih berat dengan molekul rendah

4. OIL & GAS
MATURATION
Kematangan:
a. Immature
b. Early mature for Oil
c. Mid-mature for Oil
d. Late mature for Oil
e. Generation of Gas

5. HC MATURITY ZONE,
BISSADA (1986)
ZONE I BIOHEMICAL METANE GENERATION
DRY GAS
INITIAL THERMOCHEMICAL GENERATION
ZONE II
NO EFFECTIVE OIL RELASE
DRY GAS-WET GAS-CONDESATE-(OIL ?)
MAIN PHASE OF MATURE OIL GENERATION AND RELEASE
ZONE III
OIL AND GAS
THERMAL DEGRADATION OF HEAVY HIDROCARBON
ZONE IV
(OIL PHASE-OUT)
CONDESATE WET GAS-DRY GAS
ZONE V INTENSE ORGANIC METAMORFISM: METANA FORMATION
DRY GAS

6. OIL & GAS
MATURATION
PROCESSES
Carbon – Ratio
Fraksi Minyak dalam Batuan
Berat Jenis, Umur, dan Kedalaman
Konsepsi Pematangan Phillipi (1965)

7. OIL MATURITY
IDENTIFICATIONS
A. Vitrinite Reflectance analition
VITRINITE HYDROKARBON TYPE
REFLECTANCE
0,33-0,35 Biogenic gas
0,35-0,66 Biogenic gas and oil immature
0,60-0,80 Immature oil
0,80-1,30 Mature oil
1,30-1,60 Mature oil, condesat, wet gas
1,60-2,00 Condesat, wet gas
> 2,00 Petrogenoic methane gas

8. OIL MATURITY
IDENTIFICATIONS
SCI PALYNOMORPH COLOUR MATURITY DEGREE
B. Spora color index analition 1 Pale Yellow Immature
C. Indeks Pengubahan Thermal 2 Yellow Immature
3 Yellow Transition to mature
4 Gold Yellow Transition to mature
5 Orange to Yeloow Mature
6 Orange Optimum oil generation
7 Brown Optimum oil generation
8 Dark Brown Mature, gas condensat
9 Drak Brown to Black Over mature, dry gas
10 Black Over mature, dry gas (traces)

9. OIL MATURITY
IDENTIFICATIONS
D. Tmax Pyrolisys analition
S1 / (S1= S2) Tingkat Kematangan T Max (0 C) Tingkat Kematangan
(mg/gr atau kg/ton) 400-435 Belum matang
< 0,1 Belum matang 435-460 Matang (oil window)
0,1-0,4 Matang (oil window) >460 Lewat matang (gas window)
S1+S2 Tingkat Kematangan
>0,4 (mg/gr atau kg/ton)
Lewat matang (gas window)
0,00-1,00 Poor
1,00-2,00 Marginal
2,00-6,00 Moderate
6,00-10,0 Good
10,0-20,0 Very good
>20,0 excellent

10. OIL MATURITY
IDENTIFICATIONS
0.2 65 1
Weight % Carbon in Kerogen
0.3 70
Vitrinite Reflectance (Ro) %
Spore Coloration Index (SCI)
2
0.4
Pyrolysis Tmax (C)
0.5 75
Incipient Oil Generation 3
0.6 430
0.7 80
0.8 4
0.9 OIL Max. Oil Generated 85 5
1.0 450
1.2 Wet 6
1.3 Gas 7 465
Oil Floor Dry 90 8
Gas Max.
Dry Gas 9
2.0 10
Wet Gas Floor Generated
3.0
4.0
Dry Gas Floor
95
(modified from Foster and Beaumont, 1991, after Dow and O’Conner, 1982)

11. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTIONS