6. China, the rate of power consumption increased by 9% in 2001 and continued to increase year-over-year reaching a rate of 14.8% in 2004, according to the China Electric Power Research Institute. The rate of increase of power consumption in the United States during the same period was approximately 2% to 3% per year.
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11. Basic Principle: The basic principle involved in Witricity concept is, Two objects having same resonating frequency and in Magnetic resonance at Strongly coupled regime tend to exchange energy , while dissipating relatively little energy to the extraneous off-resonant objects.
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13. Electrical Resonance • Tendency of a circuit system to oscillate at a maximum amplitude for a certain resonance frequency. • Likely to occur when impedance between input and output is minimized. • Increases the strength of interaction between two related devices • Natural Frequency f =1/2p(LC)0.5
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18. Range & Rate of Coupling: Using Coupled Mode Theory (CMT), we can give some frame work to the system. The field system of the two resonant objects 1, 2 is F(r,t)=a1(t)F1(r)+a2(t)F2(r) Where F1,2(r) are the resonating modes of 1 and 2 alone, and then the field amplitudes a1(t) and a2(t).The lower order representation of the system is given by : Where ω1, 2 are the individual frequencies, Γ1, 2 are the Resonance widths (Decay rates) due to the objects’ intrinsic (absorption, radiation etc.) losses, and ‘κ’ is the coupling coefficient .
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20. Consider two loops at distance D between their centers, radius r1 and r2 of conducting wire with circular cross-section of radius ‘a’ and diameter ‘d’.via a dielectric of relative permittivity ε and everything surrounded by air. To calculate the RLC parameters used the method called Finite-Element Frequency-Domain (FEFD) simulations (for Maxwell’s equations solving purpose) and Perturbation methods, we get the following formulae. Formulation for Simulation: κ= ωM/2*sqrt(L1L2) L= μ0 r[ln(8r/a)] C= ε0ε a/D η=sqrt(μ0/ ε0) M={(Pi/2)* μ0* ( r1r2)^2}/D^3 Rabs≈ {(Pi/6)η r/a} Rrad≈{(Pi/6)η r/a } Qabs≈ωL/ Rabs Qrad≈ ωL/ Rrad
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22. Witricity’s Technology Technology Benefit Highly resonant strong coupling High efficiency over distance Energy transfer via magnetic near field Can penetrate and wrap around obstacles Non radiative energy transfer Safe for living beings and other environmental objects Flexible geometry Device that can fit into OEM (original equipment manufactures)products Scalable design From Mw to kW
23. WiTricity’s technology is a non-radiative mode of energy transfer, relying instead on the magnetic near field. Magnetic fields interact very weakly with biological organisms—people and animals—and are scientifically regarded to be safe. WiTricity products are being designed to comply with applicable safety standards and regulations .
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28. WWW.SPLASHPOWER.COM Splash power Ltd. is a United Kingdom-based company founded in June 2001. It has been attempting to develop technology for wireless charging of portable devices such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, mp3 players and cameras. Their system works through electromagnetic induction, adding a free positioning induction loop (at the “SplashPad") to the conventional fix induction loop at the wall plug (used to shift between AC and DC currents). According to the company's claims, rechargeable devices equipped with a small Splash Module are placed upon a mouse pad-sized SplashPad and have their batteries recharged at a normal rate.(Wikipedia)
