The document discusses solid waste management. It defines solid waste management as controlling the generation, storage, collection, transport, processing and disposal of solid wastes according to public health principles. It outlines different types of solid wastes including residential, commercial, municipal, industrial, agricultural, and hazardous wastes. It also discusses the various elements involved in solid waste management such as collection, transport, processing, and disposal.

1. BY
IBRAHIM SALEEM P
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

2. “As useless, unwanted and
discarded materials coming from
production and consumption”

3.  Residential wastes
 Commercial wastes
 Municipal wastes
 Industrial wastes
 Agricultural wastes
 Hazardous wastes

4. It is defined as the discipline associated with the
control of generation, storage, collection, transfer,
transport, processing and disposal of solid wastes
in a manner that is in accord with best principles
of public health.

5.  To identify types of solid wastes and their sources
 To examine the physical and chemical
composition.
 To consider the elements involved in
management.
 To minimize the adverse environmental impacts
caused by the indiscriminate disposal of solid
wastes.

6.  Encompasses activities in which materials are
identified as no longer being of value and are
either thrown away or gathered together for
disposal.
Example: wrapping of candy bar

7.  Waste handling and separation involves the
activities associated with management of wastes
until they are placed in storage containers for
collection.

8.  Includes not only gathering of solid wastes and
recyclable materials, but also the transport of
these materials, after collection.

9.  Transfer and transport of wastes from the smaller
collection vehicle to the larger transport
equipment.

10.  Processing and recovery of wastes is taken to
long distances to a processing site and to prepare
materials for recovery of conversion products and
energy.

11.  The final functional element in the solid waste
management system is disposal. Today the
disposal of wastes by land filling or land spreading
is the ultimate fate of all solid wastes.

12. Factors influences:
 Geographic location
 Season of the year
 Population characteristics
 Legislation
 People’s attitude

13. COMPONENTS
Garbage
Rubbish
Ashes,
Cooking wastes
Paper, glass,
plastics, metal etc
Houses, hotels,
shops, markets
etc
Street refuse
Dead animals
Abandoned
vehicles
Sweepings, dirt,
leaves etc
Domestic animals
unwanted vehicles,
spares etc
Roads, garages,
side walk, vacant
areas etc
Biomedical wastes Medicines,
disposables etc
Hospitals, clinics,
research and
development
institutes.

14. Waste generation involves those activities in which
materials are identified as no longer being of value and
therefore, are thrown away as useless.

15. It refers to the activities associated with handling,
storage and processing of solid wastes at or near
the point of generation until they are placed in
containers for storage before collection.

16.  Facilitates the collection process.
 Minimizes the collection process.
 Ensure maximum collection of solid wastes
generated.
 Discourage throwing of wastes indiscriminately in
the streets.

17. Household wastes should be stored in sturdy
container of :
 Sufficient capacity.
 Easy to empty and clean
 Has a well fitted lid.
Galvanized steel and plastic bins can satisfy these
criteria.

18. Problems:
 The provision of too few containers of insufficient
capacity.
 Inappropriate locating of containers.
 Containers are usually open, giving access to
rats, flies and animals, which is undesirable for
both hygienic and aesthetic reasons.

19. It is difficult and complex
occurrences in variety of places
High cost of fuel & labor
60-80% of cost only for collection

20.  In this system householders carry their wastes to
solid waste bins situated at specific location, solid
waste collection trucks visits these location at
regular intervals and collect and transport the
accumulated wastes to treatment or disposal
sites.

21. It is a collection vehicle travels over a selected route
at a specific time of the day, usually two or three
days a week. The house holders bring their
wastes and hand them over to the workers.

22. House holders leave the wastes in containers or
disposal bags on the footpath on pre-selected
days according to a collection schedule.
Succeeds only if well organized regular service is
provided

23.  The house holders store wastes in a bin, basket or
bag within their house premises.
Workers collect bin, basket or bag, empty it into the
collection vehicle and return container to
premises.

24.  To improve the efficiency of (swm) system.
 To recover useable material.
 To recover conversion products and energy.

25.  Mechanical volume reduction (compaction).
 Chemical volume reduction (incineration).
 Component separation (manual &mechanical).
 Mechanical size reduction (shredding).
 Moisture content reduction (drying & dewatering).

26.  By material separation
 By material conversion

27.  Physical treatment
 Chemical treatment
Neutralization
Chemical oxidation
reduction

28.  Dumping
 Burrying
 Burning
 composting

29.  Availability of land
 Distance & cost
 Soil condition & topography
 Climate condition
 Geological condition
 Noise, odour, dust &vector control

30.  Discharge to waste water treatment plants
 On site treatement

31.  Methane & carbon dioxide by organic matter
 Active and passive collection of gas for heat &
electricity
 Incineration
Controlled burning at high temp(i.e 850p C) in
presence of air

32.  Composting is the process of bacterial conversion
of organic solid and semi solid wastes into
compost which can be handled, stored and
transported without any adverse environmental
effect, and can be used to as organic manure for
improvement of soil quality and fertility

33.  Windrow composting
control parameter:
Moisture
Temperature
Ph
Oxygen
Carbon-Nitrogen ratio

34. Recycling is a process to change of waste
materials into new products

35. Medical waste Household waste

36.  Due to advancement in technology
 Changes in fashion
 Style
 Status

37.  Inventory management
 Production-process modification
 Volume reduction
 Recovery and reuse

38. Government
Industries
citizen