1. Technologies – Week 5
LIS 3353 Spring 2012 – 1/30/12

2. Strategy (week 5)
Agenda
 IT News
 5 week check in
 Slides for week 5
– Strategy
– Sourcing
– Hardware (Power Supply, Hard Drive)
 Assignment

3. Strategy (week 5)
IT News

4. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

5. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

6. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle
 Life Cycle Issues
– The embryonic stage can sometimes be
skipped
– Industry growth can be revitalized
– The time span for each stages can vary
– Complementors can affect the cycle

7. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle
 Innovation and Change
– Innovation can unfreeze and reshape the
industry structure
– New competitors can change the industry
– Defining a “new” segment of the industry is
very difficult, especially with technology
overlap

8. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle
Performance
Maturity
Growth
Time
Intro

9. Strategy (week 5)
Things to remember
 Short history (see life cycle)
 Evolving field
 2-3 year window
 IT skills degrade proportionally to
changes in technology
 IT is a tool that evolves – you need to
continually adapt and position
yourself and your business

10. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

11. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

12. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

13. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle

14. Strategy (week 5)
Sourcing
 Definitions of Sourcing
– Sole sourcing
– Internal sourcing (insourcing)
– External sourcing (outsourcing)
 Outsourcing
– Onshoring
– Nearshoring
– Offshoring

15. Strategy (week 5)
Sourcing
 Relate sourcing to Web 2.0
– Crowdsourcing
• Asking friends to help with promotion
• Mozilla Firefox
– People sourcing
• C2B

16. Strategy (week 5)
Crowdsourcing
 Relate sourcing to Web 2.0
– Crowdsourcing
– People sourcing
• C2B

17. Strategy (week 5)
People Sourcing

18. Strategy (week 5)
People Sourcing

19. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
 Lower level
 A program that controls the execution of
application programs and an interface
between applications and hardware
 Primary Functions
– Control
– Error detection and response
– Accounting

20. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Buffer between
hardware and user

21. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Outside
world
Video Hard drive USB Network
controller controller controller controller
CPU
Computer internals
(inside the “box”)
Memory

22. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Control:
 Program development
 Editors and debuggers
 Program execution
 Access to I/O devices
 Controlled access to files
 System access
Error detection and response:
 Internal and external hardware errors (Memory error, Device failure)
 Software errors (Arithmetic overflow, Access forbidden memory locations)
Accounting:
 Collect usage statistics
 Monitor performance
 Used to anticipate future enhancements
 Used for billing purposes

23. Hardware (week 5)
OS Timeline
First generation: 1945 – 1955
 Vacuum tubes
 Plug boards
Second generation: 1955 – 1965
 Transistors
 Batch systems
Third generation: 1965 – 1980
 Integrated circuits
 Multiprogramming
Fourth generation: 1980 – 2005
 Large scale integration
 Personal computers
Next generation: 2005 -
 Systems connected by high-speed networks
 Wide area resource management?
 Cloud computing

24. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
 Other Tasks
– Memory management: allocate main memory
among several processes
– Swapping: move processes and their data
between main memory and secondary storage
– I/O device drivers: specialized code required to
operate I/O devices
– File system: organize mass storage (disk) into
files and directories
– Utilities: date/time, accounting, file copy, etc.

25. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
 Other Tasks
– Command interpreter: allow users to enter
commands interactively
– System calls: allow user programs access to
O.S. services
– Protection: keep processes from interfering with
each other and system
– Communication & Resource sharing: allow
users/processes to communicate (over networks)
and share resources (e.g., laser printers, disks,
etc.)
– Security: protect machines from intruders,
worms and viruses

26. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
 CPU scheduling: allocates
computing time among several
processes
– Operating systems manage processing tasks
– Multi-tasking - allows more than one program or person
to use the resources of a single processor at the same
time.
– The use of a processor by more than one user is
referred to as time sharing. The operating system
accomplishes time sharing by dividing processor time
into “timeslices” which are very brief time slots.
Increases usage of processor.

27. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
 Simplify the execution of user programs
and make solving user problems easier.
 Use computer hardware efficiently.
– Allow sharing of hardware & software
resources.
 Make application software portable
 Provide isolation, security and protection
among user programs.
 Improve overall system reliability
• error confinement, fault tolerance, reconfiguration.

28. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
In Summary
– Control common hardware functions
– Control access to system resources
– Provides a user interface
– Manage files
– Manage system memory
– Manage processing

29. Hardware (week 5)
Types of Operating
Systems
+ Windows Vista
+ Mac OS 10.5 (Leopard)
+ Mac OS 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
+ Windows 7
+ Mac OS 10.7 (Lion)
+ Windows 8

30. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Personal
 Virus software
 Screen saver
Workgroup
 Status of accounts
 Passwords and activity
 Resource usage
Enterprise
 Archival operations
 Job status
 Data mining

31. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Xerox Star
1980

32. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
1983

33. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Click here
1985

34. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
1985

35. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
1986

36. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Apple System 5
1987

37. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
1988

38. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Windows 3.1
1992
View This

39. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
View This
1995 View This
Mac OS 8
1997
1998

40. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
1998 KDE 1.0
2006 KDE 3.5

41. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
2007 KDE 4.0 Beta2
12/2008 KDE 4.2 Beta

42. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
2001 Mac OS X
2001 Windows XP
2006 Mac OS 10.5

43. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems – Mac OS X
• Total rewrite from previous OS 9.x
• Lots of revisions:
• Mac OS X v10.0 (Cheetah)
• Mac OS X v10.1 (Puma)
• Mac OS X v10.2 (Jaguar)
• Mac OS X v10.3 (Panther)
• Mac OS X v10.4 (Tiger)
• Mac OS X v10.5 (Leopard)
• Mac OS X v. 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
• Mac OS X v. 10.7 (Lion)
• Based on Darwin, a derivative of BSD
(Berkeley Software Design, is a version of
UNIX developed at UC Berkeley)
• Open-source
• Runs *nix applications
• Stable operating system

44. Hardware (week 5)
Windows: Operating System
• Go There! – VISTA
• TOUR W7

45. Hardware (week 5)
Operating System Battles
• Tandy
• Eniac
• Univac
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• Click here
• First laptop

46. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
Year Operating System SLOC (Million) Operating System SLOC (Million)
1993 Windows NT 3.1 4-5
Red Hat Linux 6.2 17
1994 Windows NT 3.5 7-8
Red Hat Linux 7.1 30
1996 Windows NT 4.0 11-12
2000 Windows 2000 more than 29 OpenSolaris 9.7
2001 Windows XP 35 FreeBSD 8.8
Windows Server
2003 50 Mac OS X 10.4 86
2003
2007 Windows Vista 50 Linux kernel 2.6.0 5.2
??
2009 Windows 7

47. Strategy (week 5)
This week's assignment
Review Videos at
http://technologies.cci.fsu.edu