Using Puppet and Vagrant to create development environments.

1. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
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2. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet is:
 Automation software to help system admins
manage infrastructure.
 Automates provisioning and configuration
 Automate repetitive tasks
 Ensure stability through consistency
 Open source and commercial versions

3. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Components:
 Puppet Master
 Puppet Agent
 Puppet Enterprise Console (not in open source)
 Puppet Module Tool
 Puppet Compliance
 Mcollective
 Facter

4. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Third-party Product Needs:
 Ruby
 Apache HTTP server
 Phusion Passenger
 ActiveMQ
 Ruby on Rails

5. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Supported Operating Systems:
 RHEL
 CentOS
 Ubuntu
 Debian
 Scientific Linux
 Oracle Linux
 SUSE
 Solaris
 Windows

6. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Pieces
 Modules for
popular
configurations
 Compose
application stack
needed
 Rollout to the
node

7. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Workflow
 Node informs Puppet Master of status
 Puppet Master compiles a catalog
 Node complies with catalog
 Puppet Agent on client reports back to Puppet
Master
 Puppet Master reports to Report Collector.

8. Puppet and Vagrant in Development

9. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Sample Usages
 Roll out another node in a cluster
 Webserver
 Email server
 Database server
 Etc.
 Add another workstation
 Create lifecycle machine
 Development
 Testing
 Staging
 Production

10. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Resources
 Puppet defines resources in a array'ish language
User { 'dave':
Ensure => present,
uid => '507',
gid => 'admin',
shell => '/bin/zsh',
home => '/home/dave',
managehome => true,
}
 We can see the parts of the structure
 Type = User
 Title = Dave
 Attributes
 Values

11. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Adding a Resources
 What does it look like:
$ puppet resource user dave ensure=present shell=”/bin/zsh”
home=”/home/dave” managehome=true
 Would output:
Notice: /User[dave]/ensure: created
User { 'dave':
Ensure => present,
uid => '507',
gid => 'admin',
shell => '/bin/zsh',
home => '/home/dave',
managehome => true,
}

12. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Manifests
 Can inform Puppet what to do in bulk using
manifests.
$ puppet apply my_test_manifest.pp
 Manifest would look like:
# /path/to/my_test_manifest.pp
User { 'dave':
Ensure => present,
uid => '507',
gid => 'admin',
shell => '/bin/zsh',
home => '/home/dave',
managehome => true,
}

13. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Manifest Classes
 The Puppet manifests can become complex.
Class ntp {
package { 'ntp':
ensure => installed,
}
service { 'ntp':
name => 'ntpd',
ensure => running,
enable => true,
subscribe => File['ntp.conf'],
}
}

14. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Puppet Training
 Materials available on PuppetLabs site for FREE
download.
 Learning Puppet Tutorial
 Learn Puppet VM to train on (VMWare or
VirtualBox)
 Module cheatsheet
 Core types cheatsheet
 Users Guide
 Dashboard Manual

15. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Provisioned Your Way
 VirtualBox – through 3rd party
 VMWare – direct Puppet support
 Cloud – direct Puppet support
 Traditional hardware - standard

16. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Vagrant
 Virtualized development made easy
 Lowers setup time
 Eliminates “works on my machine” excuse
 Uses Oracle VirtualBox
 Can use Puppet or Chef
 FREE and open source

17. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Vagrant setup items needed for this example
 Get VirtualBox from Oracle's download page
 Install Ruby
 Required by Vagrant, Chef and/or Puppet.
 Install Vagrant
 Talks to VirtualBox and builds virtual machine
based on a “base box”.
 Decide on whether to use Chef or Puppet.
 Enables setup and configuration of advanced
services you may need in your environment.

18. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Vagrant Basic How To
 Create a directory and change to the new directory
via command line.
 Execute three simple commands:
$ vagrant box add lucid32 http://files.vagrantup.com/lucid32.box
$ vagrant init lucid32
$ vagrant up
 We now have a working Ubuntu (Lucid Lynx 32 bit)
linux server running. However it is very “bare
bones”.
 List installed Boxes
$ vagrant box list

19. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Benefits of Using Vagrant
 Solo Developers
 Maintain consistency across multiple projects.
 Run multiple environments on a single home
machine. (Dev., Test, Staging)
 Easily tear down and rebuild
 Teams
 Identical development environments. Consistent
and portable.
 Companies
 Easier onboarding of new talent.
 Build development environment once and
distribute to teams.

20. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Vagrant Configuration
 Vagrantfile
 Simply Ruby code which typically contains a
Vagrant configuration block.
 First thing loaded by Vagrant.
 Basic file created when 'init' is called from within
a directory.
 Add more options for more configuration.

21. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Vagrant Base Box
 Many base boxes available over the Internet, or you
can create your own.
Creation convention should be followed
 A base box must be added via local file or HTTP
$ vagrant box add {name} {location to pull from}
 Or you can remove current base boxes
$ vagrant box remove {name}
 Base box is defined in the Vagrantfile
Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.box = “lucid32”
end

22. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Testing/Running
 To launch the bootup/provision we simply tell
Vagrant “up”.
$ vagrant up
 Or if you “suspended” to shut down last time you
would use “resume”.
 To shut down we can either “suspend” to save the
current state of the machine (does not return disk
space, about 1GB), “destroy” everything (requires
re-provision), or “halt” which is a graceful
shutdown.
$ vagrant destroy
$ vagrant halt

23. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 SSH
 Vagrant makes SSH easy to the virtual machine
from within the project directory.
$ vagrant ssh
 Project files are available at '/vagrant' by default,
but can be changed.
 The VM has both read and write access to the
shared folder.
 To gain root (su) access the password is 'vagrant'

24. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Provisioning
 Using Chef or Puppet we can create a manifest to
alter the VM.
 Install apps
 Edit config files
 Many tasks needed to go from Base Box
to desired environment.
 Manifests (or recipe for Chef)
 Manifests sub-directory within project.
 Default.pp is the default file loaded.

25. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Port Forwarding
 By default your host machine should be able to
access the virtual machine by IP address. However,
we need to activate port forwarding for services.
 For HTTP:
Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
# Forward guest port 80 to host port 4567
config.vm.forward_port 80, 4567
end
 Then we simply reload Vagrant.
$ vagrant reload

26. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Packaging
 Start with a Base Box
 Customize it as needed, unless relying solely on
provisioning with Chef or Puppet.
 Run command to package
$ vagrant package –vagrantfile Vagrantfile.pkg
 Creates 'package.box' in same directory.
 Distribute via raw file or via HTTP, for others.
 Other users can now use:
$ vagrant box add my_box /path/to/the/package.box
$ vagrant init my_box
$ vagrant up

27. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Advanced Capabilities of Vagrant
 Many advanced topics available under
Documentation on the Vagrant site.
 Modules within Manifests to encapsulate
Puppet files.
 Create your own Base Boxes
 Multi-VM Environment
 Plugins
 NFS Shared Folders

28. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Resources
 http://vagrantup.com
 http://puppetlabs.com
 http://opscode.com/chef/
 http://virtualbox.org
View details and rate at https://joind.in/6709

29. Puppet and Vagrant in Development
 Thank you
Adam Culp
http://www.geekyboy.com
http://github.com/adamculp
Twitter @adamculp