1. A Seminar on
Dated: 24th September 2011
GUIDED BY
MR. B. S. MANJARE
P.G. Department of Geology
Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur
2011 - 2012

2. 1. NARRATIVE
2. SPACE TECHNOLOGIES IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL POWER
3. TYPES OF SATELLITES & LAUNCH VEHICLES
4. IRS SATELLITE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
5. APPLICATIONS IN GEOLOGY
6. SUMMARY
7. REFERENCES

3. NARRATIVE
Period After 1945 Space Research Headed By Dr.
Vikram Sarabhai & Homi Bhabha
In1957, the soviet union successfully launched
first satellite sputnik
In the 1960s, the soviet union enabled ISRO with
close ties.
OBJECTIVE OF ISRO
Design & Development of Satellites
Post launch management of satellite system
Dr. Vikram Sarabhai

4. SPACE TECHNOLOGIES IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL POWER
prime objective to develop space
technology and application various national
tasks
Support of economy areas like water shade , agriculture, geology, water resource etc.
Establishment of NNRM providing operational remote sensing data services
Indian National Satellites (INSAT) & Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites

5. TYPES OF SATELLITES & LAUNCH VEHICLES
Geosynchronous
Sunsynchronous
1. PSLV
2.GSLV

6. IRS SATELLITE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
 Learning phase
 Aryabhata (360Kg), Bhaskara-I,II (Remote Sensing)
 First indigenous satellite launched July 1980 Rohini1 (40Kg)
with the help of SLV rocket

7. IRS 1A
Launch Date: 17 MARCH 1988
 I st in series of Remote Sensing Satellite
 Polar sun synchronous orbit from the vostok in
USSR
ORBITAL PARAMETER
Altitude - 904 Km
Inclination - 99 degrees
Local Time - 9:40 A.M
Repetivity - 22 Days
Orbits/day-14
Period -103 minutes
Sensors- LISS-I, LISS-II
Mission completed July 1996
after serving for 8 years
ORBITAL PARAMETERS
IRS-1A
IRS-1B
L. Date 29.08.1991
IRS-P2(L.D:15 OCT.1994)
Resolution: 32.74 meter
Repetivity :24 days

8. LISS - I Sensor
LISS - II Sensor
Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensors (LISS)
Resolution -72.5 m
Swath -148 km
Repetivity- 22 days
Spectral Bands
0.45 - 0.52 microns (B)
0.52 - 0.59 microns (G)
0.62 - 0.68 microns (R)
Solid state detectors.
Charge Coupled Devices (CCD).
Terrain in the cross track
Detector stored image & form scan lines
Two dimensional picture.
Resolution depends on no. of photo
detector & the swath.
Resolution -36.25 m
Swath -74 x 2 km
Repetivity -22 days
Spectral Bands
0.45 - 0.52 microns (B)
0.52 - 0.59 microns (G)
0.62 - 0.68 microns (R)
0.77 - 0.86 microns
0.77 - 0.86 microns
(NIR)
(NIR)

9. 2nd Generation Satellite
IRS
Large Ground Station Network
1C
1D
 On Board Tape Recorder (OBTR) with capacity
Launch Date:19May, 1995
Launch Date:27 Sep, 1997
IRS1C
of 62 Gb, storing data 24 min.
 Enhanced Payloads like better Spatial
resolution additional spectral band, improved
repetitively
ORBITAL PARAMETER
Orbit: Polar Sun synchronous
Altitude: 817 Km
Inclination: 98.69 deg
L.Time:10:30 A.M (descending
mode)
Repetivity: 24 Days
Orbits/cycle :341
Period:101.35 min
Sensors: PAN, LISS-III, WiFS
Mission completed
IRS1D
Mission completed

10. IRS1D
IRS1C
Altitude:
817 Km
PANCHROMATIC SENSORS
• 5.8m resolution (Pan
only), 5 day revisit by
tilting the camera
LISS III
• 23.5m and 70m
resolution, 3 spectral
bands V-NIR (23.5m
resolution), 24 day
repeat cycle, swath
141km
WiFS
• 188m resolution,
810km swath, 2
spectral bands, 5 day
revisit

11. Oceansat-1
Launch Date: 26May 1999
 first satellite built for Ocean applications
 weight 1050 kg orbit by PSLV-C2
Sriharikota.
 Two sensor Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM)
 Multi - frequency Scanning Microwave
Radiometer (MSMR) for oceanographic
studies.
 Extend applications to several newer areas.
 Having swath 1420km to 1660km
Mission completed on August 8, 2010

12. 3rd
Generation
Launch Date 17Oct,2003
Launch Date 20 April,2011
Resourcesat-1 & 2
Mission Objectives:
 Provide continued remote sensing data for integrated land & water resource
management with enhanced multi-spectral / spatial coverage and stereo imaging.
Further carry out studies improved urban planning, national security, forestry and
disaster management.

13. Resourcesat-1 & 2 Features
ORBITAL PARAMETER
Orbit height : 817 km
Orbit period : 101.35 min
Number of Orbits per day : 14
Local Time Equator crossing : 10.30 a.m.
Payload :
Repetivity (LISS-3) : 24 days (341 orbits)
Revisit (LISS-4) : 5 days
Lift-off Mass : 1,360 kg
Power : Solar Array generating 1250 W
Mission Life : 5 years

15. CARTOSAT-1 (IRS P5)
Mission Objectives:
design & develop stereo
imaging & cartographic
applications.
stimulate areas of user
applications in urban
management, mineral
exploration, & disaster
management
Launch date 5 May,2005
ORBITAL PARAMETER
Orbital Altitude :
618 km
Inclination :
97.87 degree
Local time:
10:30 AM
Revisit
: 5 days
Repetition:
126 days
Orbits/day:
14
Period
: 97minutes
Payload: two PAN sensors

16. PAN SENSOR
Stereo viewing
2.5 m resolution
50
Fore look
260
Facility for across track tilt to
give better revisit
Aft look

17. 4th Generation
Cartosat-2
ORBITAL PARAMETER
Altitude: 630 km
Period: 97.4 min.
Time descend : 9.30 am
Orbits/day: 14
Revisit: 4 days
Repitivity: 310 day
Power: solar array
Pay load: PAN
Launched 1/10/07
Operational life: 5 years
PAN specification
Resolution : better than 1mt
Swath: 9.6 km
Spectral band: 0.5-0.85 mm
Solid state recorder: 64 GB capacity for image storage



An advance sensor to give specific spot imagery.
Images use- detailed mapping, infrastructure development & management
Land Information System (LIS) & Geographical Information System (GIS).

18. APPLICATION IN GEOLOGY
Used for resources survey and management under National Natural
Resources Management System (NNRMS) various application are:
 Drought monitoring based on vegetation condition.
 Flood risk zone mapping
 Hydro-geomorphologic maps
 Irrigationarea status monitoring
 Land use and land cover mapping
 Mineral Prospecting
 Coastal studies
 Forest survey

19. SUMMARY
Synoptic View: high altitude very large area from a narrow
look angle to recognize large structural pattern.
Repetitive coverage: routinely monitoring of changes and
seasonal effect studies.
Uniformity
over time: passes over the given area at
approximately same time of the day and hence repetitive
coverage is obtained. It gives valuable uniformity
Uniformity
over vast area: coverage in every direction
possible to compile mosaic images of good consistency and
accuracy for vast areas

20. REFERENCES
 Assefa M. Melesse et.al. (2007), Remote Sensing Sensors and Applications in Environmental
Resources Mapping and Modeling, Sensors, 7, 3209-3241
 Dr. Ravi Prakash Gupta(2008), Remote Sensing Geology- 2--th Edition, Germany:
Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, 53-121
 Joseph. G. (1996), Imaging sensors for remote sensing, Remote Sensing Rev.13, 257–342.
 Josea Sobrino et.al. (2004), Land surface temperature retrieval from LANDSAT TM 5,
Journal of Remote Sensing of Environment, 90, 434-440
 K kasturirangan (1995), “present scenario and future thrusts”, Journal of the Indian Society
of Remote Sensing, 23(1), 1-6
 Saumitra Mukherjee (2008), Role of Satellite Sensors in Groundwater Exploration, School
of Environmental Sciences, New Delhi. Sensors, 8, 2006-2016
 Paul J Curran (1985), Principles of Remote Sensing, London & New York: library of
congress catalog Longman group Ltd., 130-226
 Ranganath R. Navalgund, V. Jayaraman, P. S. Roy (2007), Remote sensing applications:
An overview, CURRENT SCIENCE, 93(12)25, 1747-1766
 Sylvie Soudarissanane etc. (2011), Scanning geometry: Influencing factor on the quality of
terrestrial laser scanning points, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 66,
389–399

21. SSTO
INDAIN SPACE MISSION : ROAD MAP
System
2025
2015
Thermal
Protection
Systems
Satellite with
replaceable
Power
& Propulsion
2010
Inflatable Antenna
GSLV- MkII
2005
Newer
Bands
SRE
2001 ..
GSLV
PSLV
93 ..
INSAT Series
IRS Series
Multi platform
Multi parameter
Multi resolution
Astrosat
Thank you……