an introduction to arc gis (geographical information system)

1. Introduction to GIS
and ArcGIS
How a GIS works
Introduction to ArcGIS

2. A GIS integrates five basic
components
software method
s
hardware
data
people

3. Data

4. Types of datasets
Vector formats
(“feature classes”)
Points
Lines (”arcs”)
Polygons

5. Types of datasets
Raster formats
Matrices of square
cells (grids, pixels)

6. Types of datasets
Attribute tables:
tables of data describing
spatial features

7. Methods

8. Basic GIS Functions
Capture
Store
Query
Analyze
Display
Output

9. Capturing data
Digital images
Paper maps
GIS
GPS output
Coordinate lists

10. Query
Identifying specific features
Where is parcel No. 2945?
Identifying
features based
on conditions
Find all trees with DBH > 35 cm

11. Analysis
Proximity : which roads are within a
100 ft from a stream
Overlay: combines the features of two
or more layers to create a new layer
(intersections, unions…)
Network: examines how linear features
are connected

12. Analysis

13. Analysis

14. Display
Maps
Graphs
Reports/Tables

15. Examples of GIS maps
surface drapes & 3-D modeling

16. Examples of GIS generated maps
detailed
topographic maps

17. Output
Paper map
Internet
Image (cc.jpg, cc.pdf)
Document (cc.mxd)
Poster

18. How a GIS works
Introduction to ArcGIS

19. What is ArcGIS?
E
E ArcGIS Desktop ArcGIS Engine X
T
X E
N
T ArcInfo
Custom
S
E Application I
ArcGIS Clients N
O
N
S ArcEditor S
I
O
ArcView Web
ArcReader N ArcPad
Browser
S
Components ArcObjects
Network
ArcGIS Server ArcIMS
Application/Data ArcSDE
Servers
RDBMS

20. ArcGIS Desktop Products
ArcInfo
ArcEditor
ArcView
Increased Functionality

21. The history of ESRI products
ArcInfo ArcView ArcGIS ArcInfo
ArcEditor
ArcView
time

22. All ArcGIS products share
ArcInfo
common applications
ArcEditor
ArcView ArcCatalog-window to database
ArcMap-displaying
ArcToolbox-geographic processing functions

23. What is unique about ArcGIS GIS?
•GUI (Graphic User Interface)
•Customization & Programming
•Extensions to Increase Functionality
•Scalability

24. GUI
Beware:
The ArcGIS GUI is complicated and many-
layered.
There is no command-line control; all
automation must be scripted.

25. Customization & Programming
• Many functions are not available from the GUI
• Custom functions and operations can be created
with various programming languages
• Repetitive tasks can be automated
• New functions and operations can be added to
the GUI menus, buttons, and tools
• Entire new applications can be developed
• But:
Scripting is not easy to learn

26. Extensions -> Increase Functionality
 Functionality not included in the core
ArcGIS product can increase productivity
 Some extensions are built-in, but just need
to be enabled
 Other extensions are available for free
(web); some are available for sale
 We will be using several extensions during
the course

27. ArcGIS
Scalability
Custom
Desktop ArcInfo
Application
ArcEditor
ArcView Web
ArcReader ArcPad
Browser
ArcObjects
Network
ArcGIS ArcIMS
Server ArcSDE
RDBMS
The ArcGIS suite contains
Desktop application
(we will be using this quarter)
Data server application (ArcSDE)
Application servers (ArcGIS Server)
Internet mapping servers (ArcIMS)

28. GIS software

29. Ecological Applications: Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 791–805
ASSESSING THE RISK OF
IGNITION IN THE RUSSIAN FAR
EAST WITHIN A MODELING
FRAMEWORK OF FIRE THREAT
Tatiana V. Loboda and Ivan A. Csiszar

36. Homework
•Read: “What is ArcGIS9”
“Exploring the ArcGIS interface”
“ArcGIS GUI”
“ArcGIS modules”
•Do: Assignment 1 and submit with “Collect-it”
•Check E-post regularly