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Free Software and the Future of Database Technology
1. Free Software
and the
Future of Database Technology
Josh Berkus
PostgreSQL Core Team
November 14, 2008
2. Who is Josh?
●
PostgreSQL Core Team
– a leader of 30,000 participant international
community
●
Free software advocate
– Since 2000
– OpenOffice, SuSE Linux, PostgreSQL, SPI, OSI ...
●
Database Engineer & Application Developer
– PostgreSQL, MySQL, Drizzle, MS SQL, Oracle
4. 1998
1. Oracle
2. Informix
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
5. 1998
1. Oracle
2. Informix
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
100% Proprietary Databases
6. 1998
1. Oracle
2. Informix
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
100% Proprietary Databases
except ...
7. 1998
1. Oracle
2. Informix Illustra
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
100% Proprietary Databases
except ...
8. 1998
1. Oracle
2. Informix Illustra POSTGRES
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
100% Proprietary Databases
except ...
9. 1998
1. Oracle ?
2. Informix Illustra POSTGRES
3. Sybase
4. Microsoft SQL Server
5. IBM DB2
100% Proprietary Databases
except ...
10. PostgreSQL: History
• 1986: POSTGRES at the University of
California, Berkeley
> Michael Stonebraker project
> Successor to INGRES
• 1994: first commecialized
> as Illustra (later merged into Informix)
• 1995: opensourced
> Ported to SQL
> PostgreSQL Global Development Group
formed
11. MySQL: History
●
MySQL Server development started in 1994,
marketed by TCX DataKonsult AB
●
MySQL AB founded in 1995 by Michael “Monty”
Widenius, David Axmark and Allan Larsson
●
Server development based on requirements for
practical production use: few features, but fast
and stable
●
Frequent releases with small changes
●
Easy to install and use (15minute rule)
12. 2004
1. MySQL
2. Microsoft SQL Server
3. Oracle
4. IBM DB2
5. PostgreSQL
13. 2004
1. MySQL
2. Microsoft SQL Server
3. Oracle
4. IBM DB2
5. PostgreSQL
6. Sybase
17. ●
Europe's largest online hotel booking site
– 20 million visitors a month
– 30,000 listed hotels
– 100% growth 2005 > 2006
●
Built site using MySQL
– Dozens of servers
– Used Linuxbased DRBD replication for high
availability
18. ●
Runs .ORG, .INFO domains
– 3.8 million domain names
– 100% transactional workload
●
Built using PostgreSQL
– custom replication solution for dozens of servers
– free software, low cost let them win the .ORG
hosting bid
20. 2009
1. SQLite
2. MySQL
3. Microsoft SQL Server
4. Oracle
5. PostgreSQL
6. IBM DB2
21. 2009
1. SQLite What?
2. MySQL
3. Microsoft SQL Server
4. Oracle
5. PostgreSQL
6. IBM DB2
22. ●
Embedded SQL database
– Tiny memory footprint
– Full SQL parser
– Transactions, foreign keys
●
Designed by Dr. Richard Hipp
– In United Kingdom
– Released under a public domain license
– 100+ million installations
23.
24.
25. ZopeDB
memcached
Skytools
MySQL NDB
BerkeleyDB XML
StreamBase
Kickfire
Yahoo! Data Warehouse
26. Scalable Embedded
Specialty
ZopeDB
memcached
Skytools
MySQL NDB
BerkeleyDB XML
Business Intelligence
Streaming
StreamBase
Kickfire
Yahoo! Data Warehouse
29. 2008: Database servers
1. Large RAM
2. Large Disk
3. Multicore CPU
4. Solidstate drives
5. Virtualization
30. ●
Geographic Information Database
– stores spatial and positional data
●
points, lines, polygons
– based on PostgreSQL
– power your own Google Maps!
●
#1 open source solution
– database for all OpenGeo tools
– works with all GIS applications: MapServer, ESRI,
KaMap, deCarta
31. European Fisheries
MapServer Interface
Positions
Position
Statuses
Status
Map
Data
33. Repertorio Nazionale dei Dati
Territoriali
●
Public service of Italy
– operated by CNIPA
– supply national map data for all Italian users
– similar to USGS in United States
– critical for developing Italian geo service industry
●
All free software stack
– PostGIS
– Mapserver
37. "Cloud" Hosting
●
Large numbers of servers
– rapid deployment of cloned virtual machines
– rapid expansion of capacity
●
Needs:
– no perinstallation licensing fees
– lowadministration databases
– Free Software
38. ●
"A Microkernel DBMS for High Performance
ScaleOut Applications"
– designed for cloud hosting
– small footprint, simple database, limited features
– easy to administer in large numbers
●
A fork of MySQL
– developed by lead MySQL developers
– not released yet
39. PHP / Perl / Python / Ruby
memcached
40. ●
A "web scale" clustered database
– based on concept of Google's BigTable
– designed to scale to 1000's of servers
– like Memcached, but with persistence
– uses Hadoop distributed filesystem
●
Nonrelational
– only stores keyvalue pairs
– all operations are singlekey
41.
42.
43. ●
#1 VoiceoverIP service
– 350 million users
– 5 million SkypeOut calls per day
– 6% of worldwide international calling
●
SkyTools/PostgreSQL platform
– PostgreSQL allowed them to build custom
clustering framework
– 200 servers
44.
45. Free Software
ZopeDB
memcached
Skytools
MySQL NDB
BerkeleyDB XML
Built with Free Software
StreamBase
Kickfire
Yahoo! Data Warehouse
47. "Building a new software is like
scaling a mountian. Using open
source to build on means that I get
to start 80% of the way to the top."
Julian Hyde, Chief Architect, SQLStream
48. Where are we going?
●
More diversity
●
More free software databases
– some free databases
– some built on free software databases
●
More innovation
●
More free software
49. Questions?
●
Josh Berkus
– josh@postgresql.org
●
PostgreSQL project
– www.postgresql.org
●
Links
– EU Fisheries: http://fish.jrc.cec.eu.int/
Booking.com: http://www.mysql.com/whymysql/scaleout/booking.html
Skytools: https://developer.skype.com/SkypeGarage/DbProjects/SkyTools
PostGIS: http://postgis.refractions.net/ Drizzle: http://drizzleproject.org/
Afilias: www.afilias.info Hypertable: http://hypertable.org/
This talk is copyright 2008 Josh Berkus, and is licensed under the creative commons attribution license
All trademarks belong to their respective owners and are used according to principles of fair use here.
Other uses of these trademarks must be authorized by the trademark owner.
Josh Berkus speaks only for himself, and not for any of the companies or open source projects