Carbon Benefits Project

1. Plot and Spatial Scale Data Available for the Brazilian Amazon WORKSHOP 1 Carbon Benefits Project Nairobi, May 2009

2. Plot and Spatial Scale Data Available for the Brazilian Amazon WORKSHOP 1 Carbon Benefits Project Nairobi, May 2009

4. Amazon: brief characterization 70% within Brazil Brazilian Amazon 5 million km 2

5. Brazilian Amazon 5,000,000 km 2 Amazon: brief characterization

6. Deforested Area 650,000 km 2 Amazon: brief characterization

7. Pasture Area 250,000 km 2 Amazon: brief characterization

8. Most common land uses AGRICULTURE Sugarcane Reforestation with native sp. and exotic sp. Fallow Milet Corn Cotton Sorgun Soybean Rice Sunflower Agriculture/ livestock Economical impraticableness Others FOREST CERRADO Cerradão Cerrado Cerradinho Campo sujo Campo limpo Restoration P A S T U R E NATURAL SYSTEMS Rice Soybean Cotton Corn S U C C E S S I O N PASTURE I. The agriculture expansion

9. Research themes I. Agriculture expansion in Southwestern Amazon: 1. GHG emissions 2. Soil consequences II. Nova Vida Ranch (plot scale)

10. Research themes I. Agriculture expansion in Southwestern Amazon : 1. GHG emissions 2. Soil consequences II. Nova Vida Ranch

11. I. The agriculture expansion 45%

12. Forest Dense Cerrado Cerrado Savanna Slash Burn Pasture Agriculture Management Main culture Soybean Rice Cotton Maize Succession Fallow Millet Sorgum Pasture/crop Social and economic con sequences Conventional Conservative CO equivalent 2 Modelling Geographic Information System Remote sensing Population Income distribution Eduaction Health Sanitation N 2 O CO 2 CH 4 In soil: Organic matter dynamic C and N stocks Functional diversity Structure Agregation  13 C

13. Research themes I. Agriculture expansion in Southwestern Amazon : 1. GHG emissions 2. Soil consequences II. Nova Vida Ranch

15. IPCC 2006

16. I. The agriculture expansion Study area stratification Ecoregions

17. Agricultura convencional Pastagem Agricultura conservacionista Reference C TEMPO Seq. C Consist a georeferenced soil profile data base • Radam Brasil • Zoneamentos Sócio Econômico Ecológico dos Estados de Mato Grosso e Rondônia Soil Reference Carbon

18. 1005 SOIL PROFILES 3277 SOIL PROFILES 919 SOIL PROFILES • Chemical attributes (macro e micronutrients, pH) • Physical attributes (porosity, texture) • Morphological attributes (horizons, clay type) Georeferenced Database RADAM ZSEE-RO ZSEE-MT Georeferenced Database 5201 PROFILES

19. Georeferenced Database

20. 1005 SOIL PROFILES 3277 SOIL PROFILES 919 SOIL PROFILES GIS Georeferenced Database RADAM ZSEE-RO ZSEE-MT Georeferenced Database 5201 PROFILES

21. GIS Integration Scale Maps 1:250.000

22. GIS Integration Scale Maps 1:250.000

23. SOC stocks under native vegetation (“reference C”) 0-30cm GIS Integration Scale Maps 1:250.000

24. SOC stocks under native vegetation (“reference C”) 0-100cm GIS Integration

25. Agricultura convencional Pastagem Agricultura conservacionista Reference C TEMPO Seq. C C stocks dynamics I. The agriculture expansion

26. Agricultura convencional (Tillage) Pasture Agricultura conservacionista (No tillage) Reference C TIME C seq. C stocks dynamics I. The agriculture expansion

27. How to do: Reference C Land Use data Emission Factors Uncertainty analysis soil C stocks inventory for 1970, 1985, 1995 e 2005 Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

28. How to do: Reference C Land Use data Emission Factors Uncertainty analysis soil C stocks inventory for 1970, 1985, 1995 e 2005 Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

30. CENSUS: Agricultural production Importante: crop expansions in the Brazilian Amazon BRAZILIAN AMAZON Period: 1990-2008 Counties: ~ 970 Crops: 62 Planted area (ha) 722,000

31. How to do: Reference C Land Use data Emission Factors Uncertainty analysis soil C stocks inventory for 1970, 1985, 1995 e 2005 Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

32. Group land use data by Ecoregions Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

33. Vila Rica Guarantã do Norte São José do Xingu Rib. Cascalheira Água Boa Novo São Joaquim Itiquira Cáceres Porto Esperidião Várzea Grande Pontes e Lacerda Sapezal Barão de Melgaço Conquista do Oeste Pimenteiras do Oeste Sta. Luzia do Oeste Ariquemes Rio Crespo Sorriso Itaúba Nova Monte Verde Theobroma Soil carbon emission factors Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

34. Vila Rica Guarantã do Norte São José do Xingu Rib. Cascalheira Água Boa Novo São Joaquim Itiquira Cáceres Porto Esperidião Várzea Grande Pontes e Lacerda Sapezal Barão de Melgaço Conquista do Oeste Pimenteiras do Oeste Sta. Luzia do Oeste Ariquemes Rio Crespo Sorriso Itaúba Nova Monte Verde Theobroma Soil carbon emission factors Estimating the Soil Carbon Stocks Changes

35. Soil sampling About 2000 soil samples

36. Most common land uses AGRICULTURE Sugarcane Reforestation with native sp. and exotic sp. Fallow Milet Corn Cotton Sorgun Soybean Rice Sunflower Agriculture/ livestock Economical impraticableness Others FOREST CERRADO Cerradão Cerrado Cerradinho Campo sujo Campo limpo Restoration P A S T U R E NATURAL SYSTEMS Rice Soybean Cotton Corn S U C C E S S I O N PASTURE I. The agriculture expansion

38. Emission Factors

39. Emission Factors

40. Research themes I. Agriculture expansion in Southwestern Amazon: 1. GHG emissions 2. Soil consequences II. Nova Vida Ranch (plot scale)

41. Soil aggregation I. The agriculture expansion

42. Soil aggregation Under native vegetation Cultivated area I. The agriculture expansion

43. Soil diversity: live organisms Agriculture Pasture Natural vegetation Macrofauna ? I. The agriculture expansion

44. Soil diversity Microbial biomass I. Expansão da agricultura Actinomicetos Protozoários Bactérias Fungos

45. C stocks on phytomass I. The agriculture expansion

46. Phytomass spatial distribution (Mg ha -1 ) The Project

47. The Project

50. The Project

51. Cerrado (“savanna”) Forest

52. The Project

53. Deforested area The Project

54. Forest Dense Cerrado Cerrado Savanna Slash Burn Pasture Agriculture Management Main culture Soybean Rice Cotton Maize Succession Fallow Millet Sorgum Pasture/crop Social and economic con sequences Conventional Conservative CO equivalent 2 Modelling Geographic Information System Remote sensing Population Income distribution Eduaction Health Sanitation N 2 O CO 2 CH 4 In soil: Organic matter dynamic C and N stocks Functional diversity Structure Agregation  13 C

55. Research themes I. Agriculture expansion in Southwestern Amazon: 1. GHG emissions 2. Soil consequences II. Nova Vida Ranch (plot scale)

56. Amazon pasture forest Nova Vida Ranch Rondônia State

57. Plot scale data (10 chronosequences)

58. Faz. Nova Vida State: Rondônia Lat. 10º 30' Long. 62º 30' Grass: B. briz, P. max Temp: 24.4 o C Precip: 2270 mm Soil texture: Medium Soil type: Red Yellow Podzolic Latosol Chronosequence: Forest Pastures: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 27, 41, 42, 81, 82, 88 years old

59. 10 km 22,000 ha

60. Chronosequence I

61. Modelling soil data of the Nova Vida Chronosequence Pasture created in 1989 Pasture created in 1987 Pasture created in 1983 Pasture created in 1979 Pasture created in 1972 Pasture created in 1951 Pasture created in 1911 Forest

62. Faz. Nova Vida Forest Pasture establishment in 1911, 1951, 1972, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1989