3. Landscapes
are
made
up
of
different
elements
High
Very
low
biodiversity
biodiversity
Crop
biodiversity
4. In
many
landscapes,
dis6nc6ons
are
not
clear-‐cut
Boundaries
between
landscape
elements
are
oAen
fuzzy
Biodiversity
is
considerable
in
all
parts
of
the
landscape
5. Climate
change
affects
all
landscape
elements
AdaptaFon
will
be
essenFal…
…for
landscapes
…for
people
7. Rainbow
Water
Rainbow
Water
Closes
the
hydrological
cycle,
Trees,
forests
and
agroforestry
adds
the
concept
contribute
to
hydrological
cycling
of
terrestrial
evapotranspiraFon
as
‘recyling’
à
Influence
on
regional
rainfall
paLerns
8. Trees
can
contribute
to
climate
change
adapta6on
Enhanced
soil
ferFlity
Improved
water
household
Risk
reducFon
Income
diversificaFon
Opportunity
for
increased
off-‐farm
income
9. Trees
are
vulnerable
to
climate
change
Climate
change
impacts
on
Caryocar
brasiliense
Present
climate
Habitat
Projected
2050s
climate
suitability
High
Low
CollevaQ
et
al.,
2011.
Tree
GeneFcs
&
Genomes
7,
1237-‐1247
Many
trees
need
assistance
with
adaptaFon
10. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
In
REDD,
iniFally
sharp
divide
between
forests
and
non-‐forests
Difficulty
in
defining
forests
11. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Tree
canopy
covering
>75%
of
the
surface
area
UNEP,
2009.
Vital
forest
graphics.
12. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Tree
canopy
covering
>50%
of
the
surface
area
UNEP,
2009.
Vital
forest
graphics.
13. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Tree
canopy
covering
>20%
of
the
surface
area
UNEP,
2009.
Vital
forest
graphics.
14. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Tree
canopy
covering
>10%
of
the
surface
area
UNEP,
2009.
Vital
forest
graphics.
16. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Carbon
can
be
stored
anywhere
in
the
landscape
SomeFmes
non-‐forests
store
more
carbon
than
forests
Forest
Agroforestry
farm
17. Interna6onal
climate
change
nego6a6ons
Leakage:
reduced
emissions
at
one
place
may
be
offset
by
added
emissions
elsewhere
Gradual
realizaFon
of
the
need
for
a
whole-‐landscape
approach:
RED
to
REDD
to
REDD+
to
AFOLU
REALU?
(Reducing
Emissions
from
All
Land
Uses)
18. Biodiversity
happens
everywhere
in
the
landscape
Currently,
there
is
a
clear
division
between
landscape
elements
in
CBD
programmes
19. Climate
change
requires
biodiversity
conserva6on
to
take
a
landscape
approach
Currently
suitable
habitat
for
a
given
species
Suitable
habitat
in
2050
20. Climate
change
requires
biodiversity
conserva6on
to
take
a
landscape
approach
Currently
suitable
habitat
for
a
given
species
Suitable
habitat
in
2050
21. Climate
change
requires
biodiversity
conserva6on
to
take
a
landscape
approach
Diverse
landscapes
including
trees
facilitate
migraFon
and
adaptaFon
22. Tree
biodiversity
can
be
preserved
outside
forests
Co-‐benefits
for
climate
change
adaptaFon
and
miFgaFon
23. Biodiversity
is
best
protected
with
a
whole-‐
landscape
approach,
including
trees
outside
forests
24. Thank
you
for
your
aLen6on!
e.luedeling@cgiar.org
Tree
Diversity
Day
2012
CBD
COP-‐11
Hyderabad,
India