18. Operation inserting the color page 1 cycle 2 cycle 3 cycle T (min) RF NT Color Red 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.036 1.15 0.0414 Color White 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 1.05 0.0315 Color Orange 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.046 1.00 0.046
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Notas del editor
This is a presentation about Motion and Time Study, a method used to increase productivity, implemented by many companies around the world today.
These are the main points I will be covering through out this presentation.
Motion and time study helps management determine how much is produced by workers in a specific period of time, therefore making it easier to predict work schedules and output. Motion and Time Study is a scientific method designed by two different people for the same purpose, to increase productivity and reduce unit cost. The two methods evaluate work and try to find ways to improve processes. Frank B. Gilbreth invented motion study designed to determine the best way to complete a job. Frederick W. Taylor designed Time Study; it measures how long it takes a worker to complete a task. Time and Motion Study has become a necessary tool for businesses to be successful today. Time and Motion Study is very important in production control.
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used cameras to look at how body motions were used in the process of completing a job. This helped them to improve the processes and rearrange setups. Time studies were once used to establish performance-based wage rates.
Time and Motion Study were used separately in the past, but with time have come to be used hand in hand because the two areas are interrelated
Frank B. Gilbreth introduced his ideas about motion study through bricklaying where he was working in 1885. He studied the motions the men used to lay the brick, he discover they used several motions. One thing he did to improve the process, was reassigning jobs. He noticed that brick layers had to check each brick to find its best side, so he recommended that cheap laborers were hired to sort the bricks, therefore saving time for the bricklayers. Frank B. Gilbreth used a motion camera to complete other motion studies
Frederick W. Taylor used a stopwatch and a clipboard to record the time and findings of his study. He started with his family, recording how long it took them to finish doing things around the house. With his wife, he would time how long it took her to wash the dishes. He also looked at the setup, where was the soapy water, the clean water, and where was she placing the clean dishes. (Barnes, p13)
Some of the tools used today include those mentioned above. Computers are very efficient because everything is recorded and with the touch of a button full reports can be generated.
Users of Time Study have to establish standards , this works in the service industry, if you work in a car shop and someone brings a car you need to give him an estimate of how long it is going to take you to fix the car. After working in many cars you will have come up with a standard time that takes you fix certain problems with cars. Jobs are also standardized so that workers will not feel pressured to finish a job and work too fast that they will do careless job.
List on book from Niebel pg. 669
Companies have discovered that they can use Motion and Time Study to improve their business in many ways. The manufacturing industry uses the Motion and Time Study to reduce wasted time and improve the time to complete a task. This is the type of process Taylor studied and was able to improve. As new aspects of business evolve, so do Motion and Time techniques. Now Offices, Banks, Department Stores, and Hospitals use Motion and Time Study. Offices use it to measure and simplify work in order to reduce costs. Banks use it to help team members reach their sales goals.They can implement a time study to analyze the amount of time wasted helping customers that could get their answers from a customer service representative instead of calling a branch, where the personal banker or teller has to help the customers at the branch and make sales. In the real world example, I will talk about how a hospital has used Time study to improve their human resource department.
These questions need to be answered before deciding to use motion and time study.
I found this case in the Personnel Journal/ April 1994 This is an interesting case is shows how even problem with “through telephone service” can be resolved with time study.
What they did was give hand bands with a bar code to the employees and every time they received a phone call they recorded the type of call by scanning their hand band. Then they transferred the information to the computer and generated reports.
They installed new systems to direct calls without having to talk to a person, this avoids tying up personnel with non-important calls.
I followed the example on the Operations management book. Pg. 783
This numbers were made up to illustrate the problem. Formulas t(min)= E/3 (all the cycles for one operation divided by the number of cycles) Nt= (t(min)) (RF)
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