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“Matando a Média”
      Fabio Akita
a média pensa em
     Gauss

os inovadores pensam
     em Pareto
Random Networks
 (Erdös & Rényi)
Small Worlds
(Watts & Strogatz)
Scale-Free Networks
 (Barabási & Alfred)
• Self-similar (fractal)
• hubs muito conectados
• links fracos entre clusters
• Resistente a falhas aleatórias
• Vulnerável a ataques coordenados
• Preferencial Attachment
• Power Law Distribution
Preferential Attachment
“hubs”
Power Law Distribution
All-Time Worldwide Box office

1 Titanic (1997)                                         1,835,300,000

2 The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)   1,129,219,252

3 Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006)      1,060,332,628

4 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (2001)            968,657,891

5 Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007)         958,404,152

6 The Dark Knight (2008)                                  949,197,658

7 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007)        937,000,866
• Interdependência
• Invariância de escala
• sem média estável
• variância infinita
• “Fat-Tail”
“The Long Tail”
6 graus de separação
Uma rede scale-free
   é RÁPIDA!
Uma rede scale-free
  é DINÂMICA!
mudando de assunto ...
“Jack of all Trades”

“Master of None”
sr. Leonardo
“Jack of all Trades”

“Master of All”
A Média
Mandelbrot

• Teoria padrão: Crise Russa de 1998
 • 1/20 milhões
 • 100 mil anos sem uma crise
 • 3 declínios no mesmo mês: 1/5 bilhões!
• A economia ainda aceita pseudo-ciência
Regra 80/20
 (Pareto)
Gauss vs Pareto


• Independência = Gauss
• Interdependência = Pareto
Mundo de Gauss

• Existe média estável
• Existe desvio padrão constante
• Os extremos são ignoráveis
Mundo de Pareto
• “80% da riqueza está com 20% das pessoas”
• Não existe média estável
• Não existe desvio padrão constante
• “Rico fica mais Rico”
• “Ganhador leva Tudo”
• Os extremos são importantes !
“We're stuck in a hit-driven
  mindset — we think that if
 something isn't a hit, it won't
   make money and so won't
     return the cost of its
          production.
We assume, in other words, that
  only hits deserve to exist.”
         Vann-Adibé, CEO Ecast
medíocre
me.dí.o.cre
adj (lat mediocre)
1 Médio ou mediano.
2 Meão.
3 Que está entre bom e mau.
4 Que está entre pequeno e grande.
5 Ordinário, sofrível, vulgar.
sm
1 Aquele que tem pouco talento, pouco espírito,
pouco merecimento.
2 Aquilo que tem pouco valor.
“Knowledge Worker”
Resumindo ...

• Programadores não são operários
• Profissionais do Conhecimento
• O mundo é decidido nos extremos
• Não existe média
• O futuro não é previsível
O problema da
imitação: Caos
O futuro é
imprevisível
Prepare-se para ele
      agora!
Lembre-se: não existe “média”
“Think different”
Thanks!
www.akitaonrails.com

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