Public libraries have a long history and originated due to certain necessary conditions like centralization, economic growth, and political stability. They became popular in the United States due to ideals of self-improvement and democracy as well as standardization efforts like Dewey's classification system and Carnegie's expansion of facilities. Public libraries are primarily funded by municipalities or through school associations and rely on policies set by governing boards to address ongoing issues around funding, facilities, intellectual freedom, and adapting to new technologies.

1. Public Libraries