1. BERGEY’s MANUAL
OF SYSTEMATIC
BACTERIOLOGY
Presented By :-
AKSHAY PAREEK
M.Sc. Biotech II sem

2. 1.Gram (-) bacteria
2.Gram (+) bacteria
3.Cyanobacteria & Archaea
4.Actinomycetes
Edition 1 of Bergey’s Manual

3. Characterstics used for classification in
edition 1
• General shape & morphology
• Gram staining properties
• Oxygen relationship
• Motility
• Presence of endospores
• Mode of energy production

4. • Includes medicinally important bacteria
• Thin peptidoglycan layer
• Outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide
• periplasmic space
• Phototrophic, Chemolithotropic or
Chemoorganotropic
• No teichoic acids or lipoteichoic acids
• Contain Braun's lipoprotein and porins
Gram (-) Bacteria

5. Gram (+) Bacteria
• Thick peptidoglycan layer
• Teichoic acids present
• Chemoorganoheterotrophic
• Peptidoglycan molecules are cross-linked by
pentaglycine chains
• Primarily exotoxins are produced
• 2 rings in basal body of flagella
• Some can form endospores

6. Archaea
• They are extremophiles like methanotrophs
, halophiles
• Cell wall is made of pseudomurein rather than
peptidoglycan.
• Ether bonds in membrane lipids
• obligate anaerobes
• Asexual reproduction by binary fission

7. Actinobacteria
• High G+C content
• Anaerobes or microaerophilic
• Produce filamentous hyphae
• Decomposition of organic materials so important
part of humus formation
• No production of endospore
• Secondary metabolite producers
• Representing Genera-
Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, Actinomycete
s etc.

8. Edition 2 of Bergey’s Manual
1.Archaea
2.Proteobacteria
3.Low G+C Gram(+) bacteria
4.High G+C Gram(+) bacteria
5.Spirochaetes, Fusobacteria, Plancomycetes,
Bacteroidetes & Fibrobacters

9. Published in 1984
Particularly based on phylogenetic analysis
Phylogenetic analysis is basically
depends on Sequencing of
rRNA, DNA and proteins

10. Proteobacteria
• Variety of pathogens, such
as Escherichia, Salmonella, Vibrio
• Gram-negative
• Facultatively or obligately anaerobic
chemoautotrophs, and heterotrophic
• convert energy from light through
photosynthesis
• It includes
Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus, Rickettsia, Rhizobium
and Agrobacterium etc.

11. Fimricutes
• Refrers to low G+C content
• Their DNA typically has fewer G and C DNA bases
• reproduce through binary fission
• Some can form endospores like Bacillus
• Representative Genera –
Mycoplasma, Clostridium, Lactobacillus etc.
• Bacillus subtilis is one of the primary model
organisms.

12. Spirochaete
• Long helically coiled cells
• Gram (-) cell wall
• Aerobic, Anaerobic or facultative anaerobic
• Chemoheterotropic
• Flagella arranged as axial filaments
• Twisting motion
• Repesentative Genera – Treponema and
Borrelia

13. THANK YOU