1. Reliable use fully automated ISCO-system, CSME 2010 1
Reliable use of a fully automated
in situ chemical oxidation system
Albert Smits, Gerard Borggreve, Willem Havermans
NTP Milieu, The Netherlands

2. Reliable use fully automated ISCO-system, CSME 2010 2
Presentation Outline
During this presentation, I will explain:
• Project background
• Objective
• Unit specifications
• Process and performance monitoring
• Technology application
• Conclusions

3. Reliable use fully automated ISCO-system, CSME 2010 3
In Situ Chemical Treatment
Injection of Chemical Agents into the
contaminated soil to oxidize contaminants
• introduced in the Netherlands in the late 90s
• the most rapidly growing remediation technology
• popularity based on removal of large mass in a
short time

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Implementation of ISCO
• performance: health and safety
• application method: injection wells
• equipment: tanks & pumps
• chemicals: solid / bulk solution, water, acid, iron
• monitoring: process and performance
• 2 process operators present
• 8 hours a day – 40 hours a week

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ISCO Costs
 Management  Application
 Permitting  Chemicals
 Analytical

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Objective
To improve the efficiency of injection, with a
fully automated remotely controlled ISCO unit
in a safe manner

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Unit specifications
• two separate compartments
- control room
- dosing and injection unit

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Control room
• equipped with PLC steered telemetric software
that adjusts:
- necessary amounts
- concentrations
- sequence
for each injection well in selected cluster

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Input screen

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Injection regime

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Dosing and Injection Unit
• equipped with:
- 2 chemical resistant 700 liters containers
- 2 connections with undiluted chemicals
- 40 membrane valves that correspond to
1 up to 4 injection wells, shared over
4 separate clusters at one time
- each individual well automatically controlled

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Dosing and Injection Unit

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Proces and performance
• continuously monitoring of essential parameters
- injection pressure
- flow rates
- amounts of catalyst and oxidant
- soil temperature
• directly flushing with water when
- injection pressure above or beneath threshold
- soil temperature above threshold

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Monitoring Screen

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Datalogging

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Technology applicaton
Lochem, former wood preservation facility

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Technology applicaton
• site characteristics
- former wood preservation facility
- 500.000 m3
soil contaminated
- min. oil 120.000 µg/l
- PAH 190.000 µg/l
- depth 25 m bgl

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Technology applicaton
top view
source area
side view

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Technology applicaton
• excavation of unsaturated zone
• to be treated with ISCO
- 1.900 m3
of soil volume
- 21.250 kg min. oil
- 1.050 kg PAH
unsaturated
zone
partly free
product
aquifer
DNAPL
loamloam
21250 / 1050
25100 / 625
1450 / 800
M.O / PAH

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Technology applicaton

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Technology applicaton
Demonstrated at Lochem, the Netherlands
• 24 injection wells (2 depths)
• 2 injection periods of 3 weeks
• 120 m3
H2O2 35%
• 340 m3
iron catalyst
• 24 hours a day – 7 days a week

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Technology applicaton
42,5
40
37,5
35
32,5
30
27,5
25
22,5
20
17,5
15
12,5
10
Temperature logging

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Technology applicaton
Remediation results after 2 injection periods:
• max 47% reduction of min. oil concentrations
• max 94% reduction of PAH concentrations
after initial increase (300%)
• no more free product/emulsion
• additional treatment with biosparging
and nutrient dosing

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Conclusions
The fully automated ISCO-unit showed
• undisturbed operation 24/7
• minimum human oversight
• maximum efficiency
• reliable safe use
Available to specific contamination problems
inside and outside of The Netherlands

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Thank you for
your attention