Mechanisms translate one type of motion into another. They include gears, belts, chains, and other components that transmit motion between parts of a machine. Gears can transmit rotational motion between parallel or perpendicular axles using different arrangements like spur gears, worm gears, and bevel gears. Belts and chains also transmit rotational motion between pulleys or sprockets on different axles. Other mechanisms like cranks, cams, and rack and pinion systems convert between rotational and linear motion.

1. MECHANISMS
They are part of machines and
generally translate one kind of
movement into another
• They make a job easier to do.
• They involve a kind of force.
• They involve some form of motion.

2. Types of motion
Linear:
• movement in a straight line.
Rotary:
• movement in a circular direction.
Reciprocating:
• movement upwards and downwards in a straight line.
Oscillating:
• backwards and forwards motion along an arc.
Make a simple drawing of each of them
Give an example of each of them in objects around us
Translate them into Spanish

3. TRANSMISSION
MECHANISMS
They cause the transmission of rotation from one axle
to another axle
The axle that produces the motion is called driver
axle and the one that receives the motion, driven
axle.

4. GEARS
Spur gears animation

5. GEARS
When the first axle (the
driver axle) rotates, the
motion is transmitted to the
second or driven axle.
It transmits rotation from one
gear to another close gear.
The two gears rotate in
opposite directions.

6. WORM GEAR
It allows transmission between two
perpendicular axles.
Worm gear : The driver axle is
always coupled to it.
Regular gear : The worm axle
transmits rotation to it.
It reduces the speed of the worm
gear many times

7. BEVEL GEARS
The mechanism transmits
rotation between
perpendicular shafts
The gears have a cone-
shape

8. SIMPLE GEAR TRAIN
Three or more single gears
forming a chain of gears.
With three gears, driver and
driven axles rotate in the
same direction.

9. COMPOUND GEAR TRAIN
Two or more single gears are
coupled to the same axle.
This mechanism works as large
multiplier or reducer of the
speed.

10. BELT DRIVE
(pulleys system)
It is made up of two grooved wheels
linked by means of a tense belt.
If the pulley wheels are different
sizes, the smaller one will spin
faster than the large one.

11. COMPOUND BELT DRIVE
Several pulleys are coupled in
the same axle
This mechanism works as large
multiplier or reducer of the
speed

12. FRICTION DRIVE
It is made up of two wheels in
contact.
The two wheels rotate in
opposite directions.

13. CHAIN DRIVE
It is made up of a chain that
links the two toothed wheels.
Both wheels rotate in the
same direction.
In some machines, the small
wheel is called pinion, and the
big one plate.

14. TRANSFORM
MECHANISMS
They cause the conversion from linear
movements to rotations or vice versa.

15. CRANK and SLIDER
crank and slider mechanism video
It transforms the rotation of
a crank into a linear, back-and-
forth motion of a piston.

16. NUT AND BOLT
When a bolt is turning, its
rotation generates a linear,
forward motion.
This motion approaches or
separates the bolt from a nut.
In other situations the nut,
instead of the bolt, moves.

17. CAM AND FOLLOWER
Cam and follower mechanism
When the cam rotates, it
makes the follower to go up
and down.

18. RACK AND PINION
It transforms the rotation
of a small gear (pinion) to
a forward motion of a
toothed belt or a rack (or
vice versa).
Rack and pinion video