1. Urban Infrastructure Provision and Management Master’s Programme Week-2 Session-4 Role of Urban Infrastructure and Its Environment Institute of Urban Development Studies

5. The External Cost of Urban Infrastructure in Urban Areas Better Water Supply Less likely contract a waterborne disease Scenario-1 Scenario-2 If one contract a waterborne disease Dispose excreta in a sewer Sewer opens into nearby lake It put the neighbors at risk Even if the person above use a modern sanitary system, still disease Can be spread through food handling or some other form of accidental contact. Or the sewer system could be overwhelmed in a flood.

6. Conclusion The Higher the quality of the water an individual use, the lower probability of the neighboring community of contracting a water-borne disease and thus the community are comfortable and healthy.

10. Private Involvement Public Involvement Service contract Management contracts Lease Concession BOT BOO Divestiture (Full Scale Privatization) PPP

18. Thank You