Lte Latam 2012 Alberto Boaventura V6

LTE Latin America 2012

17-18 April 2012
Windsor Barra Hotel,
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

OI’s CASE STUDY
Alberto Boaventura
Diretoria de Tecnologia e Plataformas
+55 21 8875 4998

Presentation Duration:
6 h and 30 min!!!


What is LTE?
3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a standard for wireless high-speed data to mobile phones
and data terminals. It is based on the GSM / EDGE and UMTS / HSPA, totally over IP, with the
increased capacity and throughput using new modulation techniques, smart antenna
systems and self-organizing network.

IEEE 802.11ac (<6 GHz)
IEEE 802.11ad (>60 GHz)

ADVANCED
ITU-R M.2034
Spectral Efficiency
DL 15 bits/Hz
UL 6.75 bits/Hz
Latency
User Plane < 10 ms
Control Plane < 100 ms
IEEE 802.16m
Bandwidth
ITU-R M.2034 40 MHz
ITU-R M.1645 100 MHz


What is LTE?

OFDM MIMO Flexibility

Flat Self Organized Evolution
Architecture Network


OFDM and Flat Architecture
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex)

 New air interface based on OFDM (UL SC-OFDMA & DL OFDMA)
 OFDMA is quite similar with respect to FDMA frequencies the division
for information transfer;
 It uses the encoding process modulated in sub-bands with
orthogonal carriers;
 General air interface control plane simplification for latency reduction
Subbands

Ik/Qk Ik/Qk
DMS Codif. IFFT DA

t Duração do f
Símbolo

SAE (System Architecture Evolution)

 Architecture, protocols, interfaces completely
HLR/HSS IMS based on IP
Sh
S6a Rx Ro/Rf
 There is no longer the controlling element of the
access network (BSC / RNC), with mobility
Sp
OCS/ management functions performed by the ENB.
MME PCRF
OFCS  There is no longer the domain CS (Circuit
S1-AP Sy
X2 S11 Gx Gy/Gz
Switched) services and legacy will be emulated by
IMS (SMS and Voice)
Internet  Seamless integration with non-3GPP access (eg
S-GW P-GW
S5 SGi Wi-Fi/WLAN)
S5
 General simplification in RMM state machine

E-UTRAN Evolved Packet Core

MIMO & SON
MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output)

Multiplexing: Different signals Diversity: Same signal
Beamforming

BER
Capacity

SINR
min(NTx , NRx) Antenna SNR Time

Self Organized Newtork
Self-Planning & Dynamic Re-planning
Self-Configuration Self-Optimization Self-healing

Plug and Play Self Adjustment Self Repair
Automatic Configuration and setup Real time network adjustments Automatic and quick failure mitigation

Automatic Inventory
MIMO + SON = Coordenation Multi-Point (CoMP) Control for effective interference between cells
Automatic Neighbor Relations (inter-cell inerference)

Smallcells Heterogeneous
 Essential tool to increase coverage and Network
capacity
 Two modes:
X2
 Coordinated scheduling & Beamforming
 Joint processing/transmission


Flexibility & Evolution
Different supported bandwidth TDD & FDD Several supported bands
1,4 MHz DL UL
TDD
3 MHz
5 MHz Tempo
10 MHz UL DL
FDD 43 bands are defined in Rel. 10
15 MHz
20 MHz Freqüência

Bands in World: Rational Band Usage:
Band 3GPP (LTE) Status
700 MHz Bands 12, 13 & 14 USA, Colômbia & Peru
800 MHz Band 20 (DD) Europe DD, Germany, UK, Sueden
850 MHz Band 5 Korea Capacidade: >2 GHz
1800 MHz Band 2 Europe Cobertura ou Capacidade: > 1 GHz & <2 GHz
AWS Band 4 USA
2100 MHz Band 1 Japan Cobertura: < 1 GHz
2300 MHz Band 40 Asia
2600 MHz Band 7 Europe
Combined used for LTE Advanced
3GPP Releases and world introduction expectation

2010- 2010 2011 2012 2013 2013+
EDGE (Rel 7) E-EDGE (Rel 8) Release 11

DL:474 kbps DL:1,89 Mbps Release 10
UL:474 kbps UL: 947 kbps
Release 9

Release 8
HSPA+ (Rel 7) HSPA+ (Rel 8) HSPA+ (Rel 9) HSPA+ (Rel 10)
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
DL: 28 Mbps DL: 42 Mbps DL: 84 Mbps DL: 168 Mbps
UL: 11,5 Mbps UL: 11,5 Mbps UL: 23 Mbps UL: 23 Mbps
BW: 5 MHz BW: 5 MHz BW: 10 MHz BW: 20/10 MHz IMT Advanced
LTE (Rel 8) LTE (Rel 9) LTE (Rel 10) LTE (Rel 11)
DL: 300 Mbps Network DL: 1.2 Gbps
UL: 45 Mbps resources UL: 568 Mbps DL:> 1.2 Gbps
BW: 20 MHz optmization BW: 40 MHz BW: 100 MHz


What does LTE stand for?

Mobile Broadband New Services TCO Reduction

Brazilian Policies M2M LTE Trial


Mobile Broadband
The Internet and broadband continue to grow Broadband, people's welfare and progress
1.8 B & Internet Users Growth +13% year-on-year McKinsey estimates that “a 10% increase in broadband’s household penetration
delivers a boost to a country’s GDP that ranges from 0.1% to 1.4%.
18.8T Minutes & Growth +21% year-on-year
Booz estimates that broadband penetration of 10% higher a year is related to
500 MM 40,00% the 1.5% growth in labor productivity over the next five years.
384 29% Users
400 MM Growth 30,00%
23% When a person is connected, his life changes!
300 MM 238
14% 13% 20,00%
200 MM 130
100 MM 67 39 4% 10,00%

0 MM 0,00%
China India Brasil Russia USA

Fixed & Mobile Broadband (Millions)
Fixed & Mobile Accesses (Millions)
Mobile devices are Fixed telephone lines
Substitution or Convergence? preferred in the younger 1000 Mobile cellular subscriptions 200
generations for the
establishment of Fixed broadband subscriptions
80,0% 18 a 24 telecommunications Mobile broadband subscriptions
25 a 34 services.
60,0% 500 100
40,0% 35 a 44
45 a 54 In Latin America, it is
20,0% expected that the number
0,0% 55 a 64 of mobile broadband
Local LD access to overcome the 0 0
65 ~

2001
2000

2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Source: Femtoforum fixed in 2012.

Growth in Mobile Broadband Source: ITU/ICT/MIS
At the same time, it is
6 Mbps América Latina expected that the average
America do Norte grows exponentially. In
5 Mbps Brazil, the growth is 82%
Europa Ocidental
4 Mbps year-on-year by 2015
Brazil according to Cisco
3 Mbps
2 Mbps Video is now 40% of
1 Mbps Internet traffic, and will
reach 61% by 2015 .
0 Mbps
6.3 exabytes per month
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 across the mobile network
Source: Cisco VNI 2010 by 2015, 4.2 exabytes will Source: Cisco VNI 2010
be due to video.

New Services & M2M
Mainframe-> Mini-> Desktop -> Smartphones/Tablets
5 trends for convergence: MBB + Social Internet
Networking + Video + VoIP + usability in Móvel
different devices Internet
The significant growth forecast for the mobile
Internet is justified by the integration of Desktop
features (for personal use) in a single device,
Mainframe Mini 10 B+
making it in some years, the primary device
from the desktop.
It is estimated that the demand for Tablet can 1 B+
surpass 100 million shipments by 2012
Smartphones and tablets, in particular, 100 MM+
catalyze the demand for the business market,
allowing a marriage to the world of IT 1 MM+ 10 MM+
through Cloud Computing
1960 1970 1980 1990 2020+
Machine to Machine
1st Phase: Vertical Applications 2nd Phase: Regulation 3rd Phase: Internet of
Things
Applications: Applications: Applications:
 POS  POS  POS
 Fleet Management  Fleet Management  Fleet Management
 Telecom + Transportation + Utilities Tracking
Tracking  Tracking  + Health +
50 billion
Government =Cameras Cities
Smart  Monitoring Cameras
 Mobile Payment  Mobile Payment  Mobile Payment
 Monitoring connected
 Energy Meters  Energy Meters devices by 2020
 Toll Payment  Toll Payment
 eCall
 Remote Maintenance
 Media Synchronization
2010 2015  2020
Health Monitoring


TCO Reduction
Dilemma of Broadband: Decoupling Revenue and Traffic

Tráfego (Custo)
Service Throughput Price € Cost/ Price/ Releative The relative price per
& Volume Mbyte MByte Price Mbyte when
SMS 160 Bytes €0.15/ €X € 1.000 400.000 compared to
mensagem broadband is:
Receita
Voz 10 kbps 0.05 a € 0.5 €Y € 0.7 - € 7 300 - 3000  400,000 times
o minuto greater for SMS and
Domínio de Voz Domínio de Dados Dados (3 3 GBytes €20 / mês € Y/5 € 0.007 3  300-3000 times
GBytes) greater for the voice
Mobile TV 50 horas @ €5 / mês € Y/5 € 0.0023 1 service.
Unicast (50 hrs) 100 kbps
Source: Agilent (LTE World Summit 2010)
CapEx
Cost per Base Station: LTE vs 3G Base Station Density (eNB/km2 ) vs User Density (users/km2)

$$$ 0,2000 3,0000
Low density High density
$$$ 0,1500
2,0000
$$$ 3a. Portadora
0,1000
$$$ 2a. Portadora 0,0500
1,0000
$$$ NodeB 0,0000 0,0000
$$$ LTE (X) 0 20 40 60 0 500 1000
$$$ 1800 MHz (10) 2600 MHz (20) 1800 MHz (10) 2600 MHz (20)
3G (1) 3G (2) 3G (3) 3G (4) HSPA+ HSPA+ (DC) HSPA+ HSPA+ (DC)
Source: Planejamento/2011
OpEx Source: GTEC/2011

Self Organized Network Self-Planning & Dynamic Re-planning

Self-Configuration Based on "Heavy Reading:
4G/LTE Insider 2010"
Self-Optimization The estimated savings in
OpEx is 40%
Self-healing

PNBL
Fixed Broadband: Penetration and Income regional distribuition Fixed Broadband: Penetration vs Price
México
Accesses/Home Per Capita Income 30% Brasil

Home penetration
North 13,5% R$ 449,00 Argentina
20% Venezuela
Northeast 4,0% R$ 381,00
Colômbia
Center-West 20,0% R$ 760,00 10% Peru
Southest 23,8% R$ 748,00
Chile
0%
South 21,3% R$ 759,00 USA
PPP $0,00 $50,00 $100,00
Source: PNBL 2009 Source: IPEA 2009/ITU ICT/MIS 2010/Cisco VNI 2010

Broadband access definition: an access with traffic flow such as to allow consumers, individual or corporate, fixed
or mobile, to enjoy, with quality, a bundle of services and applications based on voice, data and video.
Private Fixed Access Equipment Public Fixed Access Equipment Mobile Broadband Access:
(Urban and Rural): (Urban and Rural):

Private Fixed Access Equipment Bringing broadband access to 100% 60 million mobile broadband
(Urban and Rural): of the organs of government, access: terminals voice / data
30 million fixed broadband access including: administration, rural (with active data service) and data
(urban and rural), adding to the public schools (70k), health facilities modems only.
2014 access in homes, companies and
cooperatives.
(177k), public libraries (>10k), law
enforcement agencies (>14k).

Offer Policy Demand Policy Quality Policy
 New edition PGMU III and Review of Concession Agreements  Restraint of tying  Regulation of Quality of Services
 General Plan Competition – PGMC  Computers for All Program  Regulation of Network Neutrality
 New frequency bands (450, 2600, 3500 MHz)  Tax exemption by the Union and Federation
 Regulating resale of services States
 Regulation of infra/net sharing  FISTEL differentiated regime for small
 Regulation of Significant Market Power – PMS providers of SCM
 Additional regulation for the SCM
 Revision of Regulations for Compensation Network
 Deploying converged license
 Definition of traffic exchange points – PTT
 Reduce the cost of SCM license for small providers
 Granting of new concessions to TV via cable

Auction for 450 MHz & 2500 MHz
Wide country license (15+15 years) Coverage Obligations
2600 MHz Mobile operators only (SMP)
450 MHz 2600 MHz

2012
Service for access to broadband Availability of towers and other
Internet, free of charge in all infrastructure implementation
P W V1 V2 X T U P W V1 V2 X public schools located in rural support, transport to the fulfillment
area of service provision; of commitments covered by the
2570 winning bidder of Lot 1 (450 MHz

2620

2690
2500

separately) up to the shared costs

2013
30% of municipalities. (Dec/2013) Host Cities of das Confederations
Per local area (15 +15 years) Cup (Apr/2013)
Multimedia and mobile operators (SMP & SCM) Host and Additional Cities for
FIFA World Cup 2014 (Dec/2013)
450 MHz 1 subband FDD 7+7 MHz

2017 2016 2015 2014
60% of municipalities (Dec/2014) Capitals, municipalities with more
than 500k inhabitants and also the
Federal District (Dec/2014)
SLMP

SLP e

SARC

100% of municipalities Municipalities with more than
SARC

SLE

SMP, STFC e SCM SMP, STFC e SCM
(Dec/2015) 200k inhabitants (Dec/2015)
SLP SLP

Municipalities with more than
468
450
451

458

460

461

100k inhabitants (Dec/2016)

Download throughput of 1 Mbps, Municipalities between 30 k and
Auction Dynamics Type B (Lot 2 - 5) upload 256 kbps, and a minimum 100k inhabitants, there will be at
monthly 500 MB Overage-Free. least one provider at 2.5 GHz;
450 e 2600 MHz Can be met using another radio Service offerings in technological
Type A (Lot1) frequency. conditions equivalent to 3G.
450 MHz No As the schedule PGMU. 30% Municipalities below 30k, with
(Dec/2017) superior technology than 3G.
(Dec/2017)
Lot 1 – Highest discount offered on Winner?

2018
60% Municipalities below 30k, with
plan and wholesale for individual superior technology than 3G.
accesses and Payphone. Yes
(Dec/2018)
Lot 2 till 76 – Highest price offered at
100% Municipalities below 30k,

2019
final bid presentation. Type C (Lot 6 - 9) with superior technology than 3G.
2600 MHz (Dec/2019)


LTE Trial
Overview:

Goals
Program for testing systemic compliance and performance to:
Cabo Frio Teresópolis
 Technology Internalization (ALU) (Ericsson)
 Technology, architecture, end-to-end service evaluation
 Anticipation and assessment of potential problems in future implementation
 Evaluation of suppliers Araruama Itaguaí
(Huawei) (NSN)

Phase 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Macaé
(ZTE)
 Standard compliance  Special feature tests  Outdoor performance
tests tests
 Systemic tests

Trial Participants:

Altogether there were nine companies involved with more than 100 professionals, to perform planning,
installation, configuration and execution over 50 tests in access, core and IMS network.

Scope of Trial:

Access Network Transport Network Core Network IMS & PCRF

Complete 2G/3G/4G Mobile Network

Trial Topology

Logical Topology
GERAN PSTN/
UTRAN MSS MGW
C PLMN
A/IuCS

Gb/IuPS SGs/SvC HLR/HSS Mc
Sh
eNB Sp Oi-Lab and
SGSN Indoor
MME PCRF IMS environment
X2 Rx
Gn/S11
Gx
GGSN Gm
S1-AP S1-AP S-GW Internet
eNB
Outdoor P-GW Gi/SGi
environment S1-U
S1-U
X2
eNB
Physical Topology

Outdoor Indoor (Oi-Lab)
eUTRAN
GERAN MSS MGW
UTRAN HLR/HSS

PTN Switch LAN
Metro
Ethernet

eNB JDSU’s Probe
PTN

GGSN
eNB SGSN
S-GW PCRF IMS
MME
P-GW
IP Radio


Phase 0: Tests in Detail
Latecy Single User Throughput MIMO Scheme Testing Cell Capacity
 Attach latency  Single user peak throughput,  Downlink TCP Throughput at  Downlink TCP/UDP cell peak
 Idle to Active latency Downlink UDP Cell Edge with 2*2MIMO capacity with PDCCH symbol
 User plane latency, ping  Single user peak throughput, Transmit Diversity Configuration adaptive of 6 UEs
32/1000/1500Bytes, pre- Downlink TCP  Downlink TCP Throughput at  Uplink TCP/UDP cell peak
scheduled  Single user peak throughput, Cell Edge with 2*2MIMO capacity of 6 UEs
 User plane latency, ping Uplink UDP Adaptive Configuration  Downlink TCP/UDP cell peak
32/1000/1500Bytes, non-pre-  Single user peak throughput, capacity, 1 GBR with 5 NGBR
scheduled Uplink TCP with PDCCH adaptive
 Uplink TCP/UDP cell peak
capacity, 1 GBR with 5 NGBR
Security Management IPV6
 Authentication SON  IPV6 address allocation by
 Subscriber data and signaling  Automatic Neighboring Relation PDNGW VoIP by IMS
confidentiality  Static IPv6 Address subscribed in  Attach & Register
 NAS encryption and integrity the HSS  Attach to EPC and register
protection, EIA1 and EEA1  Dynamic IPv4IPv6 Address to IMS
algorithm supported subscribed in the HSS
 NAS encryption and integrity
Policy Charging Control  De-Registration initiated by
protection, EIA2 and EEA2  Bandwidth control according subscriber
algorithm supported subscriber category  De-Registration initiated by
 NAS encryption, NULL  Policy Charging Control based on LTE Mobility with Legacy HSS
algorithm supported services Networks  Authorization
 Bandwidth control according  UL IRAT  Registration Authentication
P2P service by predefined • Redirection without - SIP Digest
PCC rule measurements from LTE to  Session Authentication - SIP
 Bandwidth control according UMTS Digest
EPC Pooling FTP service by predefined • Reselection from LTE to UMTS  Voice call
 S1-Flex based on the MME load PCC rule from LTE to UMTS  Voice call
 S1-Flex redundancy under the  Bandwidth control according  GL IRAT  Failure call - callee busy
outage of MME with busy time • LTE to GERAN cell reselection  Failure call - callee not
failover scenario  Policy Charging Control based on for a PS attached UE in idle registered
 PDN GW and Serving GW quota usage status mode  Failure call - callee no
Selection based on the  Bandwidth control according • LTE to GSM redirection answer
Integrated Strategy quota usage status on without measurement
 PDN GW and Serving GW session level
Selection based on the Priority  Bandwidth control according
 PDN GW and Serving GW quota usage status on
Selection based on the Weight service level
 PDN GW and Serving GW
Selection based on the
Topologically Closest


Phase 0: A Sample Results

Latency Control Plane User Plane
600 ms 30,0 ms

400 ms 20,0 ms

200 ms 10,0 ms

0 ms 0,0 ms
Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3 Vendor 4 Vendor 5 Vendor 1 Vendor 2 Vendor 3 Vendor 4 Vendor 5
Attach latency Idle to Active latency Ping 32 Ping 1000 Ping 1432

Single User Throughput
Downlink Uplink
105,0 Mbps 60,0 Mbps

100,0 Mbps
40,0 Mbps
95,0 Mbps
20,0 Mbps
90,0 Mbps

85,0 Mbps 0,0 Mbps
UDP TCP UDP TCP

Cell Capacity (Per user throughput @ 6 UEs)
Downlink 10,0 Mbps
Uplink
30,0 Mbps

20,0 Mbps
5,0 Mbps
10,0 Mbps

0,0 Mbps 0,0 Mbps
UDP TCP UDP TCP

Phase 2: Tests in Detail
Two test modes

(A) User Static (B) User Mobility
SINR < 6 dB Drive Test, considering user
6 dB < SINR < 13 dB, mobility route around the base
SINR > 13 dB station with a speed of 30-50 km/h.

Test 1: Throughput Test 2: Cell Capacity Test 3: Latency

 Both modes (A & B)  Mode A Only  Both modes (A & B)
 Bandwidth 10 and 20 MHz  Multiple Users Capacity: DL and UL load  Attach
 Throughput test for DL and UL distribution 4:0:0 of 50%, 100% in the  Idle to Active
neighboring cells
 FTP session over UDP and TCP  User Plane – ping 32/1000/1500 Bytes pre-
 Average Cell Capacity: DL and UL for load schedule
 Collected information: Lat/Long, distribution 1:2:1 of 50%, 100% in the
Throughput, SINR, RSRP, CQI, RI, PMI, MCS. neighboring cells  User Plane – ping 32/1000/1500 Bytes non
 Coverage plot pre-schedule

Test 4: Interference Management Test 5: Mobility Management Test 6: Self Organized Network

 Mode A Only  Mode B Only  Mode A Only
 For UL/DL in two adjacent cells.  Accessibility Test: Attach, start FTP session  Intra freq ANR for the green field
 ICIC: With UE1 UE2 in the middle and the with duration of 60s, detach, wait 12  Intra-Freq MLB mobility load balancing
edge of two cells. Tests with and without seconds and repeat. KPI to measure
ICIC - measuring rate, RSRQ, SINR success rate;
 (Uplink Interference Rejection: A site with  Retainability. Establish a session, and
1:0:1 distribution, and another with 0:0:2 move between the cells several times for
distribution. Evaluate & MRC IRC investigating interfaces X2 and S1.
Measuring KPI maintenance session


Phase 2: Border and Spectral Efficiency Test Results
SINR vs RSRP Coverage Plot
30
4 to 5 bps/Hz
Vendor A 3.25 to 4 bps/Hz
20 2.5 to 3.25 bps/Hz
Vendor B 1.75 to 2.5 bps/Hz
10 Vendor C 1 to 1.75 bps/Hz
0.5 to 1 bps/Hz
Vendor D
0 0.25 to 0.5 bps/Hz
Vendor E 0 to 0.25 bps/Hz
-130,0 dBm -110,0 dBm -90,0 dBm -70,0 dBm
-10
Spectral Efficiency vs SINR
8,0 bps/Hz
Shannon
6,0 bps/Hz
3GPP
4,0 bps/Hz Vendor A
Vendor B
2,0 bps/Hz Vendor D
Vendor E
0,0 bps/Hz
-10,0 dB -5,0 dB 0,0 dB 5,0 dB 10,0 dB 15,0 dB 20,0 dB 25,0 dB

Spectral Efficiency vs Distance
15,0 bps/Hz Shannon
12,0 bps/Hz 3GPP
9,0 bps/Hz Vendor A

6,0 bps/Hz Vendor B
Vendor C
3,0 bps/Hz
Vendor D
0,0 bps/Hz
0,25 km 0,50 km 0,75 km 1,00 km Vendor E

Note: It was used Okumura-Hata for Shannon and 3GPP estimation

Final Words

The main application (or killer app) is customer experience. And it
is improved by using a service with superior quality.

Boot-time is one of the most important attribute for Tablets compared
to Notebooks. Today, the users are looking for anytime and anywhere
services with readiness and instantaneously. Even in simple web page
navigation, quick access is imperative.

Wi-Fi popularity pushes a customer expectation for more throughput in
macro outdoor coverage.

Social networks require greater capacity for data transfer in the uplink
in order to post pictures, videos, update contacts etc.

According to GSA, there are today over 3,362 HSPA+ devices launched
by 272 suppliers. However, there are only 245 HSPA+ devices that can
support 42 Mbps, and a few that can support 84 Mbps.


¡Gracias!
Thanks!
Obrigado!
Alberto Boaventura
alberto@oi.net.br

Lte Latam 2012 Alberto Boaventura V6

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