This document discusses how to make comparisons in English using adjectives and adverbs. It provides two ways to form comparative adjectives: (1) short adjectives add "-er" and (2) long adjectives use "more" plus the adjective plus "than". It also discusses irregular forms, the difference between adjectives and adverbs, using adverbs to make comparisons, and other comparative structures like "as...as" and "less...than".

1. MAKING COMPARISONS

2. Think about adjectives to describe
the following people

4. Now, let’s compare them

5. How do we make comparisons in
English?
 When we talk about 2 things or people, we
can compare them:
is SMALLER THAN
 There are two ways to form a comparative
adjective in English:
1.- SHORT ADJECTIVES add “-ER” + than
2.- LONG ADJECTIVES use
“MORE ........ THAN”

6. SHORT ADJECTIVES
1 SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES:
rich, strong, fat, slim,…
2 SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES ending in –Y:
happy, friendly, funny,…
These adjectives add _ER :
RICH-RICHER HAPPY-HAPPIER

7. SPELLING CHANGES
If the adjective ends in “-e” , it only adds “-r”:
LATE- LATER
If the adjective ends in
consonant+vowel+consonant, it doubles the
last consonant:
BIG- BIGGER
 If the adjective ends in –y , it changes to
–i+ er if preceded by a consonant:
HAPPY- HAPPIER

8. LONG ADJECTIVES
 2 SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES not ending in –y:
modern, ….
 ALL OTHER ADJECTIVES OF MORE THAN 2
SYLLABLES:
expensive, talkative, etc…
These adjectives use MORE ........... THAN:
MORE modern THAN

9. With some 2 syllable adjectives, we
can use both “-er” or “ more”:
QUIET CLEVER
NARROW SIMPLE

10. IRREGULAR FORMS
GOOD-BETTER
BAD-WORSE
FAR-FURTHER

11. ADJECTIVES vs ADVERBS
It’s an easy language.
You can learn this language easily.
The music is slow.
The pianist is playing slowly.
Her ideas are interesting.
She spoke interestingly about her ideas.
Joe looked hungry.
Joe ate hungrily.

12. What’s the difference?
Adjectives are connected with nouns and
pronouns. They usually tell you more
about people and things. They can go
before nouns, or after be, seem, look,
etc…
Adverbs are connected with verbs.They
tell you how something happens/ how
someone does something.

13. Choose an adjective or an adverb:
 This is a train. It stops everywhere.
 You’ve cooked the meat
 I’ve got an job.
 I sing very .
slow
beautifully
easy
well/badly

14. USING ADVERBS TO MAKE
COMPARISONS
Can you speak more quietly, please?
Angela writes more clearly than Ellie.
To make the comparative of most
adverbs we use “more …than”

15. Compare these two animals using
adverbs:

16. Exceptions:
 Early, late, fast, near and soon have
comparatives with –er, like adjectives:
Earlier, faster, later, harder, nearer, sooner
 Irregular forms:
well-better
badly-worse
far-further/farther

17. Use the comparative of the adverbs
in the box to complete the advice:
Early, near, fats, hard, late
 “I want to earn more money”.
Work .
 “I want to eat my breakfast slowly in the morning”.
Get up .
 “I want to get more sleep”
Get up .
 “I’m afraid I’m going to miss the train”.
Walk .
 “I hate driving to work”.
Live your work and walk.

18. Compare the following pairs:

20. We can also use “as…as” and
“less ….than” to compare two
things:
Cristiano is as rich as Leo.
(they are the same)
“Torrente” is less serious than “Gone
with the wind”.