The Impact Of International Terrorism On Internal Relation

The impact of international terrorism on internal relation by paying attention in the pose 9/11 incident. BY:A.Ali

Introduction The extent to which 9/11 has contributed to changing the nature of international relations .This has provided legitimacy to the American military operations in Afghanistan and the Philippines. The US attempted to use the post 9/11 international consensus about the evil of terrorism to bolster the ideological grounds for attacking Iraq. This attempt was largely unsuccessful, and resulted in a broken image of the West. While this fact is now obvious to all, there has been no real attempt by other powers to counterbalance the United States in the traditional realist sense. The massive terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, have placed the threat of terrorism on the front burner and have exposed the failure of the U.S. government to protect its citizens. The U.S. is using the threat of terrorism to justify a series of controversial policies, including tougher immigration laws, high military and intelligence budgets, and restrictions on civil liberties. Terrorism is rooted in political problems requiring political solutions and necessitating a major reevaluation of U.S. foreign policy as a whole.

American Economy It is important to know the internal economical factors which effected to U.S due to 9/11 attack, it also effected to global internal economical sectors of countries too. When the terrorist attacks occurred it was known that the U.S. economy was in a transition from an unsustainable to a sustainable rate of growth. There for after 9/11 attack I will highlight some economical aspects of U.S which effected internally.

[object Object],Large amount of resources are and will be committed to making production, distribution, finance, and communication more secure in the United States. Resources that could have Been used to enhance the productive capacity of the country will now be used for Security. Since it will take more labor and capital to produce a largely unchanged amount of goods and services, this will result in a slower rate of growth in national productivity, a price that will be borne by every American in the form of a slower rate of growth of per capita real income. ,[object Object],A crucial part of U.S. imports, which now amounts to about 15% of GDP, is energy, primarily in the form of oil. Sharp and prolonged increases in the price of oil, popularly termed price shocks, can have significant negative effects for GDP growth in the short run. The individuals involved in the terrorist attacks came from an area that is an important source of the world’s oil production. It is possible that an oil price shock, with possible negative effects on the U.S. economy, could have followed from the attacks. In this instance it did not, except for a brief spike in prices that eased within little more than a week. Also, it is somewhat reassuring that when a major mechanism for determining current and future petroleum prices , the New York Mercantile Exchange ,was closed for a week, other commodity and futures markets filled in as did the spot market, and the oil industry was not materially affected.

World Economies Because of the large size of the U.S. economy, America is an important market for some countries like Canada, Mexico, and Japan. Theses countries are important trade partners of U.S; About 40% of Canada’s output is exported to the United States. Due to 9/11 attack those developed economical sectors decreases in a flow rate, which affected the global economy. Below are some sectors which effected:

[object Object],While international trade plays an important role in the U.S. economy, it is not the only role played by international forces. Foreign capital has often sought refuge in the United States., during the bush administration; the United States is the battle ground. Even though there was no panic selling of dollar denominated assets after 9/11, it would appear that there was a short run decline in the net purchase of U.S. assets by foreigners. However, this may be due to timely action of the Federal Reserve, which restored confidence in the smooth functioning of the nation’s payments system, action supporting the dollar in international financial markets by the Bank of Japan and the European Central Bank, among others, and interest rate cuts by key central banks in support of similar cuts by the Federal Reserve. ,[object Object],While much economic analysis tends to concentrate on the determinants of output and employment, modern market economies depend to an important extent on a well-functioning financial system and financial institutions, such as insurance companies, commercial banks, pension funds, stock exchanges, etc. due to the 9/11 attack global financial market was effected.

[object Object],As the contraction of GDP in the U.S. during the first three quarters of 2001 has adversely affected some sectors and geographic areas of the economy more than others, so the costs of, the terrorist attacks have been borne disproportionately by a few industries, especially airlines, tourism, and insurance. ,[object Object],The use of commercial airplanes as assault vehicles to wreak havoc on the United States has no precedent in aviation history. At the time of 9/11, the industry was already in financial trouble due to the recession, 9/11 severely compounded the industry’s financial problem. It is also believed that in the global market the customers had being decreased after 9/11 attack and some AIR LINES resulted bankruptcy. ,[object Object],Insurance was one of two industries profoundly affected by 9/11. The loss of life and property gave rise to the largest property/casualty claim in history, estimated at $40 billion. While the industry as a whole has both the reserves and liquid assets to settle these claims, this will not be the case if terrorist attacks become a more frequent occurrence. The risk posed by terrorism is new and the industry has little or no prior experience upon which to base insurance rates and hold reserves. As a result, only a few insurers are offering limited, restricted, and expensive coverage for terrorism.

[object Object],In the days following the 9/11 attack, the global agriculture sector experienced some initial economic setbacks due to the halt of commodities futures trading and losses from delayed shipments of perishable commodities by air and by sea These losses proved transitory; nonetheless, the changing geopolitical developments that have followed 9/11 have injected a significant amount of uncertainty into any predictions about world markets and their effects on the global farm sector’s due new rules enforced to international transportation sectors. F.Layoffs and Unemployment Benefits. Overlaid on a labor market already weakened by recession were 462 extended mass layoffs attributable to 9/11that displaced nearly 130,000 employees. Although gave more attention for migration and immigration by enforcing new rules internally which resulted increasing global unemployment rate. G. TORRISM. Due to 9/11 and terrorism the global tourist industry had being effected. Thus people who want to travel abroad had become less because of fear, also due to global economical recession. H. ENERGY SECTOR. After 9/11 fluctuation of global oil price had increased which result, effects on the global economy.

Global foreign policy It is true the foreign policy of different countries were changed due to international terrorism. Countries that help to expand international terrorism are ignored by the UN member counties.

Conclusion It is believed that due to international terrorism ,international communities and societies had badly touched. They are affected in economically, politically, socially and found many disputes on international relations to Muslims societies. After 9/11 attack, in economically ,many industries had being bankrupted due to the global stock market and also with the foreign case flow devalued. Countries, foreign policy had changed to protect their country, from international terrorism. It is also to know those countries are spending huge amount of their revenue for defense, all those are propose for the protection of their nation state. According to Social expects ,the people, had changed social view to words the Muslims communities in to negative prospects. Original religious philosophies and the culture are now decaying.

The Impact Of International Terrorism On Internal Relation

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