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What’s this “Saga” thing
that everyone is talking
        about?
         @andreasohlund
     http://andreasohlund.net
What is a long running
      process?

“A long running process is a process whose
execution lifetime exceeds the time to
process a single external event or message”
- Udi Dahan
Long running process


                 Step          Step
 Start
Start                                        End
          Step          Step          Step
Long running process


                 Step          Step
 Start
Start                                        End
          Step          Step          Step
The problem
• Holding locks for the duration of a long
  running transaction are more likely
  • To be deadlocked
  • To experience infrastructure failures
Long Lived Transactions

            Business Transaction

                 Step          Step
Start                                        End
          Step          Step          Step
Long Lived Transactions

           Business Transaction

                 Step
                 ACID          ACID
                               Step
Start                                        End
          ACID
          Step          ACID
                        Step          ACID
                                      Step
The anatomy of a step

         Step
The anatomy of a step

         Step
The anatomy of a step

           Step




                 Get current state




         Store
The anatomy of a step

           Step




                 Get current state




         Store
Sagas vs Aggregate roots

  Event           Command
           Saga




 Command           Event
           AR
Sagas and bounded
     contexts
 Ext
    ern
          al E
              ven
                  t
                         Saga




                                Command
                 Event



                         AR


             Bounded context
The birth of a saga

Saga message

                 Bus
The birth of a saga
                       Create
                                  Saga
Saga message
                                instance
                 Bus
The birth of a saga
                       Create

                       Dispatch     Saga
Saga message
                                  instance
                 Bus
The birth of a saga
                       Create

                       Dispatch     Saga
Saga message
                                  instance
                 Bus
                        Send
The birth of a saga
                       Create

                       Dispatch            Saga
Saga message
                                         instance
                 Bus
                        Send
                                                      Saga
                                  Save
                                                    Persister
The birth of a saga
                       Create

                       Dispatch            Saga
Saga message
                                         instance
                 Bus
                        Send
                                                      Saga
                                  Save
                                                    Persister




                                                            Store
                                                       DB
Existing sagas

Message

          Bus
Existing sagas
                  Get

Message
                             Saga
          Bus              Persister




                                   Load/Store
                              DB
Existing sagas
                  Get

Message                     State
                   Saga               Saga
          Bus    instance           Persister




                                            Load/Store
                                       DB
Existing sagas
                            Get

Message                               State
                Dispatch
                             Saga               Saga
          Bus              instance           Persister




                                                      Load/Store
                                                 DB
Existing sagas
                            Get

Message                               State
                Dispatch
                             Saga               Saga
          Bus              instance           Persister
                  Send




                                                      Load/Store
                                                 DB
Existing sagas
                            Get

Message                               State
                Dispatch
                             Saga               Saga
          Bus              instance           Persister
                  Send

                            Save




                                                      Load/Store
                                                 DB
State
• Remember what steps have been executed
• Gets persisted between each step
• Temporary storage of data
• Serialize access to the same saga instance
 • Unique index
 • Locking
Time


• Long running transactions
• Time is a business requirement
• Needs to be durable and managed externally

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E-VAN - Sagas

Notas del editor

  1. LLT - Long lived transactions - Hector Garcia-Molina 87 Top level is a business transaction Does not comply to ACID Requires compensating actionsSecond level is acid compliantAnalyze the business to find the boundaries Add messages -> in order to make each step as short as possible + forward movement only
  2. Developers tends to do the same mistakes today
  3. Top level is a business transaction Does not comply to ACID Requires compensating actionsSecond level is acid compliantAnalyze the business to find the boundaries Add messages -> in order to make each step as short as possible + forward movement only
  4. One way messaging only to keep transaction as short as possible More scalable and robust http://www.udidahan.com/2008/06/23/sagas-solve-stupid-transaction-timeouts/ Can execute “steps” in parallelSaga instances are not run in parallelUse locks in DB to ensure that
  5. Not a hard rule Sagas are useful for other non DDD related things
  6. Sagas operate within a BC Can react to events from other BC’s
  7. Saga message handlers have state