1. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life & Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts Andrea Vanegas O. Medicine student

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4. Introduction The molecular study of other species is a great help to find genes that could affect human`s life. The bacteria specie Caulobacter crescentus has been investigated to DNA elements that are essential for many bacterial processes like the ability to grow and reproduce. These elements maybe could be so important in other fields like agricultural industries and medicine. The traits that help some plants to adapt in a specific environment could be influenced by some genes that are affected by different conditions and this investigation could prove that both external and internal environments altered the identified genes so significantly.

5. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life August 30-2011

6. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life A team at the Stanford University School of Medicine has cataloged, down to the letter, exactly what parts of the genetic code are essential for survival in one bacterial species, Caulobacter crescentus.

7. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life They found that 12 percent of the bacteria's genetic material is essential for survival under laboratory conditions. The other 88 percent of the genome could be disrupted without harming the bacteria's ability to grow and reproduce.

8. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life "This work addresses a fundamental question in biology: What is essential for life?" said Beat Christen, PhD, one of the co-first authors of the new paper and a postdoctoral scholar in developmental biology. "We came up with a method to identify all the parts of the genome required for life."

9. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life The research team anticipates that the new technique will have several interesting uses in both basic and applied research. For instance, the technique provides a rapid and economical method to learn which genetic elements are essential in any microbial species.

10. New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life From all the genome of the bacteria only a small part is essential for life, the other part that is almost the 90% has a shortest importance and most of it doesn´t have a determinated function what shows that the technology is back in relation with nature. OBSERVATIONS

11. Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts August 22-2011

12. Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts Complex traits that help plants adapt to environmental challenges are likely influenced by variations in thousands of genes that are affected by both the plant's growth and the external environment, reports a team of researchers at the University of California, Davis.

13. Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts The researchers measured the compound in two developmental stages -- at two days and 35 days after germination. They also sampled plant tissues that were either treated or not treated with silver nitrate, mimicking environmental damage caused by a pest.

14. Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts Because the genomewide association mapping identified so many different genes as potentially responsible for traits associated with GSL metabolism, the researchers developed a new process for winnowing candidate genes. The process analyzes overlapping datasets of genomic information to filter out true-positive gene identifications.

15. Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts The approach has been used to study complex human diseases such as asthma and diabetes.

16. OBSERVATIONS Genomewide Mapping Reveals Developmental and Environmental Impacts genomewide association mapping has the capacity to identify so many different genes, because of that it could be useful to detect how does the genetic is affected by the environment and development of some diseases.

17. Medical Utility

18. the technique provides a rapid and economical method to learn which genetic elements are essential in any microbial species, with this information scientist could develop specific antimicrobials that attack these special elements in the DNA and although like this create new medicines in case of knowing the bacteria specie. Medical Utility New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life Genomewide association mapping involves rapidly scanning markers across entire genomes to find genetic variations associated with a particular trait, condition or disease. The approach has been used to study complex human diseases such as asthma and diabetes. Medical Utility New Method Reveals Parts of Bacterial Genome Essential to Life

20. THANKS