1. Sedimentary
rocks originate
from:

2. water

3. Sedimentary rock forms
layer
a thin ____________
on top of existing rock.

4. SEDIMENTARY ROCK LAYERS: AZ

6. 1.CLASTIC
Sediments
cemented
together

7. 2.BIOCLASTIC
Remains of
plants &
animals

8. 3.CRYSTALLINE
newly
reformed
mineral
crystals

9. 1. CLASTIC
Sedimentary Rock:
Contain layers of
particles (sediments)
______________
formed from the
breakdown of other
rocks ( weathering)
________

10. Characteristics of
clastic sedimentary
fragmental
rock: (__________)
A. Varied particle size
B. Horizontal layers
C. Formed in water

11. CONGLOMERATE
MIXED PARTICLE SIZE

12. SEDIMENTARY LAYERS

14. Sedimentary rock
is UNLIKE loose
sediment because
sediments have
been

15. compressed
______________
and
cemented
______________
together.

16. How do Sedimentary Rocks Form?

17. ___

18. Three examples
of natural
cement are:
lime &
silica & calcite

19. Classification of
sedimentary rock is
based on:
Texture or
Grain size

20. 2. BIOCLASTIC
Sedimentary Rocks
are formed by the
accumulation of
plant
_________ or
animal
_________ remains

21. *Limestone is
the Accumulation
of Shells and
animal skeletons
(calcite)

23. BECOME
BURIED
COMPRESSED

24. GREAT BARRIER REEF MAY
SOMEDAY BE LIMESTONE

25. CORAL REEF

27. *Coal is the remains of
BECOME
Coal
Plants that
BURIED
accumulate in
&
layers and
COMPRESSED
FOR MILLIONS
OF YEARS!!!!!!

28. THIN COAL LAYERS
CLASTIC
BIO-CLASTIC

29. 3. Crystalline
sedimentary rocks
are formed from
minerals that WERE
dissolved
_______________
in water.

30. Minerals that were
once dissolved are
called: evaporites
and
precipitates

31. crystalline
sedimentary rocks
are made of only
one
mineral

32. and are
called
monomineralic

33. Examples
include:

34. HALITE (SALT)

35. DOLOSTONE

36. CHALK CLIFFS: ENGLAND

37. CHALK

38. A fossil is
evidence
a rock is
sedimentary
_____________

42. Sedimentary
Rock layers
Near Albany
New York

44. Fossil
Collectors
In action

46. Marine fossils in the limestone

47. A Waterfall weathering
The rock

48. ru
Running water at work again

49. Looking over a waterfall

50. Weathered layers of
sedimentary rock

51. Roadcut …perfect place to
Find fossils

52. Devonian fossils
of marine life

54. Devonian Rooster coral

57. Fossil are rare
in
igneous and
metamorphic
rocks

58. USE YOUR
REFERENCE
TABELS
TO ANSWER
QUESTIONS
1-11

59. SEDIMENTARY
ROCKS
Clastic
Bioclastic
Crystalline

60. Rock Candy
1 Glass jar or drinking glass 1 Food coloring (optional)
1 Piece of cotton string 1 c Water
1 Pencil or stick 2 c Sugar
1 Paper clip Additional sugar
Tie a short piece of cotton string to the middle of the pencil or stick.
Attach a paper clip to the end of the string for a weight.
Moisten the string very lightly, and roll in a bit of sugar
(this will "attract" the sugar crystals from the syrup to the string).
Place the pencil or stick over the top of the glass or jar with the
string hanging down inside.
Heat the water to boiling, and dissolve the 2 cups of sugar into it.
For the biggest crystals FAST, heat the sugar-water solution a
SECOND time, and dissolve as much
additional sugar as you can into it.
Add a few drops of food coloring to the solution if desired.
Pour the solution into the prepared glass or jar and leave undisturbed
for a couple of days.
Depending on how much sugar you were able to dissolve into the water,
you should start to see crystals growing in a few hours to a few days.
Just Recipes: http://www.melborponsti.com/index.htm

61. Rocks,
Minerals,
&
Resources

63. Rock and
Mineral
resources are
Non-renewable

64. Conservation
And Recycling are
essential….

65. Re-duce
Re-use
Re-cycle

66. 1. The Lithosphere:
Composed of
ROCKS

68. 2. Rocks:of
Composed
MINERALS

71. 3. Minerals:
Composed of
ELEMENTS

73. Most Abundant
Elements:
Oxygen O
Silicon Si

74. Minerals Containing
these elements
(oxygen & silicon)
are known as:
Silicates

75. MINERALS
NONSILICATE MINERALS
NATIVE ELEMENTS
Elements are generally solitary (homogeneous).
Do not combine with other elements in nature.
Gold
Gold (Au)
Silver (Ag)
Platinum (Pt)
Diamond (C)
Graphite (C)
Sulfur (S) Copper
Copper (Cu)
Silver

76. MINERALS
NONSILICATE MINERALS
CARBONATES
Bonds generally weak.
Minerals are soft (3-4). CALCITE
Minerals are soluble in acidic water.
Leads to cave development.
Calcite (CaCO3)
Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)
DOLOMITE

77. Minera
ls:
Naturally occurring
inorganic
solids
definite:
chemical composition,
molecular structure &
physical properties

78. The most common
rock-formers:
Listed on the
reference tables
see back page

79. MINERAL
CHARACTERI
STICS

80. Luster:
Light
Appearance of________
reflected from a
minerals surface
® metallic
® non-metallic
® glassy, waxy, greasy,
pearly,earthy, dull

81. Metallic

82. Non-
Metallic
glassy, waxy, greasy,
pearly,earthy, dull

83. Hardness:
Resistance to
being
®SCRATCHED
_________

84. Moh’s Scale of Hardness
The scale is from 1-10
diamond is the hardest mineral

85. Hardness is due
to the internal
arrangement
of the molecules
or the Atoms

86. This mineral will
be soft due to the
loose arrangement
of the molecules

87. This mineral will
be hard due to the
tight arrangement
of the molecules

88. We will compare
a minerals
hardness to
glass

89. If it scratches
the glass
It must be as
hard or
harder

90. Cleavage:
Some minerals tend
to break along one
or more smooth
surfaces

91. Cleavage is also
due to :
the internal
arrangement of
the molecules

94. ook at the patte
patt
It can tell you how
the mineral might break

98. Fracture:
When a mineral has
no well-defined
cleavage plane
uneven
Breaks in _______
jagged surfaces

99. Color:
May be used to identify
some
___________ minerals
many minerals have the
same
___________color
some minerals come in
many
___________ colors

100. Pigments:

101. Streak:
Color of the
powder
______ of a
mineral when
crushed or
scratched across

102. Crystal:
The appearance that
results from the
internal atomic
arrangement
_______________

104. HALITE (NaCl)
FLUORITE (CaF2)

105. Common
minerals
And their uses:

107. Specific
Gravity:
Equal to
it’s _____
density

108. Special
Properties:

109. •magnetis
•Optical
Double
refraction
•Radioactivity
•Fluorescen
*Acid test

110. A mineral
containing
calcite
________will
“fizz” when
in contact
acid
with ________

111. Using Your
Reference Table:
You will be able to
identify a mineral
using the properties
and characteristics

112. determines a
minerals
basic
properties
such as its

113. The internal
arrangement
of the
molecules

114. 1. What
properties are
most important in
identifying a
mineral?

115. 2. What property
causes a mineral
to break in a
particular
pattern?