C sharp part2

Introduction to Programming in .Net Environment Masoud Milani

Overview ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Classes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Parameters Passing ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],int Smallest(int a, int b) { if (a > b) return b; else return a; } ,[object Object]

Parameters Passing ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],void Smaller(int a, int b, out int result) { result=a>b?b: a; } ,[object Object],[object Object],int a=20; int b=30; Smaller(a, b, out sm); sm=20

Parameters Passing ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],void Swap(ref int a, ref int b) { int t=a; a=b; b=t; } ,[object Object],[object Object],int a=20; int b=30; Swap(ref a, ref b); a=30 b=20

Parameters Passing ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public class ParamClass { public int myValue; } ParamClass p=new ParamClass(); p.myValue=9; Console.WriteLine("Before Increment, p.myValue={0}", p.myValue); Increment(p); Console.WriteLine("After Increment, p.myValue={0}", p.myValue); static void Increment(ParamClass q) { q.myValue++; } Before Increment, p.myValue=9 After Increment, p.myValue=10

Variable Number of Parameters 1- ,[object Object],int a=Smallest(5, 4, -3, 45, 2); int b=Smallest(1, 2, 3); int Smallest(params int[] a) { int smallest=int.MaxValue; foreach (int x in a) if (x < smallest) smallest=x; return smallest; }

Method Overloading ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Operator Overloading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Operator Overloading 1- ,[object Object],public class MyType { public MyType(int v) { myValue=v; } public int myValue; public static MyType operator + (MyType x, MyType y) { return new MyType(x.myValue + y.myValue); } … } MyType p(5); MyType q(6); MyType s=p+q; s += p;

Operator Overloading 1- ,[object Object],public class MyType { … public static MyType operator + (MyType x, int y) { return new MyType(x.myValue + y); } … } MyType p(5); MyType s=p+7; s += 7

Operator Overloading 1- ,[object Object],public class MyType { … public static MyType operator ++ (MyType x) { x.myValue += 1; return new MyType(x.myValue + 1); } … } MyType p(5); MyType s=p++;

Operator Overloading 1- ,[object Object],public class MyType { … public static bool operator true(MyType x) { return x.myValue !=0; } public static bool operator false (MyType x) { return x.myValue == 0; } … } MyType z(5); if (z) Console.WriteLine("true"); else Console.WriteLine("false");

Indexers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],Exams ex=new Exams(); ex [1] =100; Indexer

Indexer 1- ,[object Object],public class Exams { public int this[int examNo] { get { … } set { … } } Exams ex=new Exams(); ex[1]=100; ex[2]=50; int average=ex[1] + ex[2];

Example ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Example ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],Should use this keyword

Output ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Exercise ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Exams class 1- ,[object Object],public class Exams { public Exams(int ex1, int ex2, int ex3) { … } private int exam1; private int exam2; private int exam3; public double Average { … } }

Inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public class Person { public Person(string fn, string ln) { firstName=fn; lastName=ln; } private string firstName; private string lastName; } public class Student : Person { public Student(string fn, string ln, string mj): base(fn, ln) { major=mj; } private string major; }

Inheritance ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public class Person { … public void Show() { Console.Write("Name: {0}, {1}", lastName, firstName)} } ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inheritance 1- ,[object Object],Person p = new Person("P1-F", "P1-L"); p.Show(); Console.WriteLine(); Student s=new Student("S1-F", "S1-L", "CS"); s.Show(); Console.WriteLine(); p=s; p.Show(); Name: P1-L, P1-F Name: S1-L, S1-F Name: S1-L, S1-F Major: CS

Virtual Function ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public class Person { … public virtual void Show() { Console.Write("Name: {0}, {1}", lastName, firstName)} } ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],using namespace the override keyword is also required.

Virtual Function 1- ,[object Object],Person p = new Person("P1-F", "P1-L"); p.Show(); Console.WriteLine(); Student s=new Student("S1-F", "S1-L", "CS"); s.Show(); Console.WriteLine(); p=s; p.Show(); Name: S1-L, S1-F Major: CS Name: S1-L, S1-F Major: CS Name: P1-L, P1-F

Sealed Modifier ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Example ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],Complation error!

Abstract Classes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Abstract Classes ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Abstract Classes 1- ,[object Object],public abstract class Person { public Person(string fn, string ln) { firstName=fn; lastName=ln; } private string firstName; private string lastName; public virtual void Show() { Console.Write("Name: {0}, {1}", lastName, firstName); } } Error: Abstract classes can not be instantiated Person p(“FN-1”, “LN-1”);

Exercise 1- ,[object Object],Courses exam1 exam2 exam3 Average takes Class Grad Student GradStudent( … ) bool pass // >80 void override Show() class Student string major double Average Student( … ) bool Pass // >60 void override Show() Abstract class Person string fName string lName Person(string fn, string ln) void virtual Show() isA isA

Exercise ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Person class 1- ,[object Object],public abstract class Person { public Person(string fn, string ln) { … } private string firstName; private string lastName; public virtual void Show() { … } }

Student class 1- ,[object Object],public class Student : Inheritance.Person { public Student(string fn, string ln, string mj, int ex1, int ex2, int ex3):base(fn, ln) { … } private string major; public override void Show() { … } public virtual bool Pass { get { … } } protected Exams scores; public double Average { get { … } } }

GradStudent class 1- ,[object Object],public class GradStudent : Inheritance.Student { public GradStudent(string fn, string ln, string mj, int ex1, int ex2, int ex3): base(fn, ln, mj, ex1, ex2, ex3) { … } public override bool Pass { get { … } } }

Files ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

StreamWriter 1- ,[object Object],void WriteText() { int[] data=new int[5]{1,2,3,4,5}; StreamWriter outFile=new StreamWriter("myOutFile.txt"); for(int i=0; i<data.Length; i++) outFile.WriteLine("data[{0}]={1}", i, data[i]); outFile.Close(); } ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

StreamReader ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],StreamReader inpTextFile=new StreamReader("myOutFile.txt"); while(inpTextFile.Peek() >=0) { string nextLine=inpTextFile.ReadLine(); Console.WriteLine(int.Parse(nextLine.Substring(nextLine.IndexOf("=")+1))); } inpTextFile.Close();

Exercise ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

FileStream ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

FileMode Enumeration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

FileAccess Enumeration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Formatter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Formatter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Serialization 1- ,[object Object],string myString="string1"; int myInt=16; int[] myData=new int[5]{1,2,3,4,5}; FileStream f=new FileStream("bFile", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); BinaryFormatter formatter=new BinaryFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(f, myString); formatter.Serialize(f, myInt); formatter.Serialize(f, myData); f.Close();

[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Deserialization 1- ,[object Object],string myString="string1"; int myInt=16; int[] myData=new int[5]{1,2,3,4,5}; f=new FileStream("bFile", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); myString=(string)formatter.Deserialize(f); myInt=(int)formatter.Deserialize(f); newdata=(int[])formatter.Deserialize(f); Console.WriteLine("myString={0}", myString); Console.WriteLine("myInt={0}", myInt);

Exception Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Exception Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Exception Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],int[] a= new int[20]; try { Console.WriteLine(a[20]); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } Index was outside the bounds of the array

Exception Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Exception Handling 1- ,[object Object],int[] a= new int[20]; try { Console.WriteLine(a[2]); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } finally { Console.WriteLine(“Finally we are done!"); } Finally we are done!

Exception Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Programmer Defined Exceptions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public class MyException : System.ApplicationException { public MyException(string message):base(message) { } }

Programmer Defined Exceptions 1- ,[object Object],public static int g(int a, int b) { // adds positive numbers if (a <0) { MyException e=new MyException("1st parameter is negative"); throw(e); } if (b <0) { MyException e=new MyException("2nd dparameter is negative"); throw(e); } return a+b; } try { Console.WriteLine("g(4, -5)={0}", g(4, -5)); } catch (Exception e) Console.WriteLine(e.Message); }

Delegates ,[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object],delegate int D1(int i, int j);

Delegates 1- ,[object Object],delegate int D1(int i, int j); public static int add(int a, int b) { Console.WriteLine(a+b); return a+b; } public static int mult(int a, int b) { Console.WriteLine(a*b); return a*b } static void Main(string[] args) { D1 d1=new D1(add); D1 d2=new D1(mult); d1=d1 + d2; d1(5, 5); } 10 25

Delegates 1- ,[object Object],delegate int D1(int i, int j); public static int add(int a, int b) { Console.WriteLine(a+b); return a+b; } public static int mult(int a, int b) { Console.WriteLine(a*b); return a*b } static void Main(string[] args) { D1 d1=new D1(add); D1 d2=new D1(mult); d1=d1 + d2; f(d1); } 10 25 public static void f(D1 d) { d(5,5); }

Exercise ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],public static void sort(int[] data, CompareDelegate Compare) { for (int i=0; i<data.Length; ++i) for(int j=i+1; j<data.Length; j++) if (Compare(data[i],data[j])) { int t=data[i]; data[i]=data[j]; data[j]=t; } }

Interfaces ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1- ,[object Object]

Interfaces ,[object Object],1- ,[object Object],interface IPublication { string Title { get; set; } string Publisher { get; set; } void Display(); }

Interfaces 1- ,[object Object],public class Book: IPublication { public Book(string title, string author, string publisher) { Title=title; Author=author; Publisher=publisher; } private string author; private string title; private string publisher; public string Author { … } public string Title { … } public string Publisher { … } public void Display() { … } }

Interfaces 1- ,[object Object],static public void Display(IPublication[] p) { for (int i=0; i<p.Length; ++i) p[i].Display(); } static void Main(string[] args) { IPublication[] publications= new IPublication[2]; publications[0] = new Book ("t0", "a0", "p0"); publications[1] = new Magazine ("t1", "a1"); Display(publications); } public class Magazine : Interfaces.IPublication { … }

C sharp part2

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C sharp part2