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European Seminar on ESL: Policies and Future Scenarios
                  Palma of Majorca
                  October 6th 2008




    European report on
Early school leaving policies

            Anne-Christin Tannhäuser
             Social Science Institute
              University of Iceland

                  annechr@hi.is
Overview

• Drop In project
• Comparisons of policies and initatives in
  two Drop In countries
• Early conclusions
Drop In project

• Aim
  – Map European actors
  – Review of European policies and monitoring
    systems
  – Exchange of good practices, peer learning
  – Future scenario, qualitative indicator
• Project partner countries: Greece, Spain,
  Finland, Germany, France, Italy, Iceland
Actors and focus of policy: An early model
                                    Public
                 Policy                         Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context           school                                            Context
    A                                                                   B
                                          Employment agency/
               Compulsory                Social service providers/
                 school                 Youth welfare organisation


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Preventing ESL: Iceland
                                    Public
                 Policy                         Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context           school                                            Context
    A                                                                   B
                                          Employment agency/
               Compulsory                Social service providers/
                 school                 Youth welfare organisation


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Preventing ESL: Iceland
                                    Public
                 Policy                           Monitoring

                               • Flexibility towards students
                                    • change line of studies, curricular freedom
                                    • courses at other schools/distance learning
                               • Strong financial incentives: allocation based
                                 students sitting exams
               Upper secondary • Obligation to provide counselling
                    school     • 2008 Reform:
                                    • increasing diversity of courses:
               Compulsory                  decentralisation of curricular design
                  school            • shorter programmes


Scientific                                     A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models                B) Return
Preventing ESL: Iceland
                                    Public
                 Policy                            Monitoring




               Upper secondary
                   school
                                 • 2008 Reform
               Compulsory        funding of innovative project: transition and
                 school          collaboration between school levels


Scientific                                     A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models                B) Return
Preventing ESL: Iceland
                                                   Public
                                 Policy                          Monitoring

                            35
Early School Leavers in %




                            30
                            25
                            20
                            15
                            10
                             5
                             0
                                  1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
                                                          Year



Source Eurostat 2007
Preventing ESL: Finnland
                                         Public
                      Policy                         Monitoring


                                                     Continuing
                    Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local             Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context                school                                            Context
    A                                                                        B
                                               Employment agency/
                    Compulsory                Social service providers/
                      school                 Youth welfare organisation



Scientific                                        A) Dropout
Knowledge         Factors and models              B) Return
(international)
Preventing ESL: Finnland
                                    Public
                 Policy                         Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context           school                                            Context
    A                                                                   B
                                          Employment agency/
               Compulsory                Social service providers/
                 school                 Youth welfare organisation


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Preventing ESL: Finnland
                                     Public
                  Policy                         Monitoring


                                                  Continuing
                Tertiary education             Education providers

  Local         Upper secondary                    companies          Local
 Context            school                                           Context
    A                                                                   B
                                             Employment agency/
                Compulsory Development of school welfare
                                        Social service providers/
                  school   • early intervention, home-school coopersation
                                       Youth welfare organisation
                             bullying prevention, pupil-coactive schools,...
                           Youth participation project
Scientific                 • prevention ofA) Dropout
                                            social exclusion
Knowledge    Factors and models Basic B) Return
                           Flexible        Education
                           • work- or action-based learning
Preventing ESL: Finnland
                                    Public
                 Policy                        Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies          Local
 Context           school                                          Context
    A                                Youth workshops services:        B
                                     • Unemployed youth, compulsory school
                                           Employment agency/
               Compulsory            graduates service providers/
                                          Social
                 school                  Youth welfare organisation
                                     Counselling


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Remediation: 2nd chance education in Iceland
                                    Public
                 Policy                         Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context           school                                            Context
    A                                                                   B
                                          Employment agency/
               Compulsory                Social service providers/
                 school                 Youth welfare organisation


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Some early conclusions: Prevention

• Public policy:
   – early holistic intervention: school engagement,
     positive learning experiences, screen risk-
     behaviour, provide alternative pathways
   – Educational and vocational counselling in comp.
     school, during transitions/in case of unemployment
   – Designing local practices
      • network school, municipal actors: employment
        agencies, social welfare organisations, parents
      • exchange of practices and local adjustment
      • based on scientific model on predicators of dropout
Some early conclusions: Prevention

• Monitoring
  – early: students’ well-being, school
    engagement, occupational conceptions
  – transition
  – follow-up
  – feedback to schools and other practicioners
Some early conclusions: Remediation

• Public policy:
   – Strong network of social and employment market
     actors
   – formal or informal education
   – engage trade and labor unions
   – importance of outreach counselling
• Designing local practices
   – specified target group:
      • Pushed out: counselling, different from former school
        experience, group dynamics important. Note: distance
        learning
      • Pulled out: relevance for job
   – based on scientific model on motivation to return
   – exchange of practices and local adjustment
Some early conclusions: Remediation

• Monitoring
  – compulsory school level: students’ well-being
  – When do students dropout or stop? transition,
    follow-up with school leavers
  – feedback to single schools to raise interest in
    good practices
Is something missing?
                                    Public
                 Policy                         Monitoring


                                                Continuing
               Tertiary education            Education providers

  Local        Upper secondary                   companies            Local
 Context           school                                            Context
    A                                                                   B
                                          Employment agency/
               Compulsory                Social service providers/
                 school                 Youth welfare organisation


Scientific                                   A) Dropout
Knowledge    Factors and models              B) Return
Is something missing?

Comments from the audience:
Thank you

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European early school leaving policies

  • 1. European Seminar on ESL: Policies and Future Scenarios Palma of Majorca October 6th 2008 European report on Early school leaving policies Anne-Christin Tannhäuser Social Science Institute University of Iceland annechr@hi.is
  • 2. Overview • Drop In project • Comparisons of policies and initatives in two Drop In countries • Early conclusions
  • 3. Drop In project • Aim – Map European actors – Review of European policies and monitoring systems – Exchange of good practices, peer learning – Future scenario, qualitative indicator • Project partner countries: Greece, Spain, Finland, Germany, France, Italy, Iceland
  • 4. Actors and focus of policy: An early model Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 5. Preventing ESL: Iceland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 6. Preventing ESL: Iceland Public Policy Monitoring • Flexibility towards students • change line of studies, curricular freedom • courses at other schools/distance learning • Strong financial incentives: allocation based students sitting exams Upper secondary • Obligation to provide counselling school • 2008 Reform: • increasing diversity of courses: Compulsory decentralisation of curricular design school • shorter programmes Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 7. Preventing ESL: Iceland Public Policy Monitoring Upper secondary school • 2008 Reform Compulsory funding of innovative project: transition and school collaboration between school levels Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 8. Preventing ESL: Iceland Public Policy Monitoring 35 Early School Leavers in % 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year Source Eurostat 2007
  • 9. Preventing ESL: Finnland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return (international)
  • 10. Preventing ESL: Finnland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 11. Preventing ESL: Finnland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Development of school welfare Social service providers/ school • early intervention, home-school coopersation Youth welfare organisation bullying prevention, pupil-coactive schools,... Youth participation project Scientific • prevention ofA) Dropout social exclusion Knowledge Factors and models Basic B) Return Flexible Education • work- or action-based learning
  • 12. Preventing ESL: Finnland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A Youth workshops services: B • Unemployed youth, compulsory school Employment agency/ Compulsory graduates service providers/ Social school Youth welfare organisation Counselling Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 13. Remediation: 2nd chance education in Iceland Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 14. Some early conclusions: Prevention • Public policy: – early holistic intervention: school engagement, positive learning experiences, screen risk- behaviour, provide alternative pathways – Educational and vocational counselling in comp. school, during transitions/in case of unemployment – Designing local practices • network school, municipal actors: employment agencies, social welfare organisations, parents • exchange of practices and local adjustment • based on scientific model on predicators of dropout
  • 15. Some early conclusions: Prevention • Monitoring – early: students’ well-being, school engagement, occupational conceptions – transition – follow-up – feedback to schools and other practicioners
  • 16. Some early conclusions: Remediation • Public policy: – Strong network of social and employment market actors – formal or informal education – engage trade and labor unions – importance of outreach counselling • Designing local practices – specified target group: • Pushed out: counselling, different from former school experience, group dynamics important. Note: distance learning • Pulled out: relevance for job – based on scientific model on motivation to return – exchange of practices and local adjustment
  • 17. Some early conclusions: Remediation • Monitoring – compulsory school level: students’ well-being – When do students dropout or stop? transition, follow-up with school leavers – feedback to single schools to raise interest in good practices
  • 18. Is something missing? Public Policy Monitoring Continuing Tertiary education Education providers Local Upper secondary companies Local Context school Context A B Employment agency/ Compulsory Social service providers/ school Youth welfare organisation Scientific A) Dropout Knowledge Factors and models B) Return
  • 19. Is something missing? Comments from the audience: