project work

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Interactivesessionsare a way for students to engage with
energy professionalsand get hands-onexperience or pitch
in their own innovativeideas, work in teams to solvecritical
problems and learn new ways of communication.
Conductingan interactivesessionis very importantto
create an effective rapportbetween the trainer and the
audience. Interactivesessionshelp to create a bridge of
communicationand confidencebetween the participants
and the trainer. An interactivesessionhelps in a lot of other
ways to make the training more effective. Interactive
sessionhelps to gain productiveinformationon the interests
of the audience and their activities to create effective
training modules as per their needs.

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The foundation of project management as a theoretical field is the
conceptual agreement on what a ‘project’ actually is. According to this
agreement, the project is a unique and complex undertaking subject to
restrictive goal formulations in terms of time, cost and quality (cf
Packendorff, 1995). By this definition, project work should be possible to
separate from other forms of work, and it should also be possible to
construct special methods for optimizing the performance of the project.
When project work and traditional departmental work are compared,
projects are usually positively described as the opposite form of work; hard
to manage, often controversial but efficient and innovative (cf Pinto, 1996:
25). The message of such comparisons is that project management is
something difficult and different that can yield important change and
increased effectiveness. Compared to his colleagues in the ordinary
hierarchy, the project manager is an individual that dare to be controversial
and test new ideas in his endeavour towards delivering unique results within
the restrictions of time, cost and quality. This does not imply chaos whiting
the project; one important qualification for becoming project manager is the
ability to plan and control all activities and resources despite the inherent
unsecurity present in most project situations. The departmental manager, on
the other hand, can always lean on established routines, predictability and
hierarchical power when leading his repetitive activities. Since project
managers usually have to use resources controlled by departmental
managers a classic potential of conflict appears, where the project manager
acts in the interest of the project goal and the departmental managers try to
maintain repetitive efficiency in their routine-based structures.

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on meet the growing demand of English language and related soft
skills, British Council is conducting a series of training workshops
on Task-Based Learning, Designing Materials and Courses, Using
Stories, Songs and Pictures in the Classroom, Teaching
Pronunciation and Teaching Vocabulary. These workshops are
aimed at teachers from the middle and secondary sections of the
school and higher education sectors in India. The aim of the
sessions is to equip teachers with effective methods, resources,
practical ideas and activities that they can implement in their own
classroom situations.
Training Methodology :
British Council’s communicative learning approach includes:
 A learner centered approach with trainees participating in a
variety of tasks and interactive patterns which they can use to
teach and develop their students’ skills.
 Loop Input: The trainer will introduce useful ideas and theory in
the same way that participants should introduce or practice
these kinds of materials or ideas in class. They will then be
asked to reflect on the activity and consider how they can use it
or adapt it in their own classrooms.
 Brainstorming: Participants will be asked to share ideas and
knowledge in small groups by brainstorming on different
issues, student problems or areas of the students’ syllabus,
focusing upon case studies and actual situations.
 High interaction: Wherever possible, we use participants’ own
work situations as a basis for role-play.

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Debate is contention in argument; strife, dissension, quarrelling, controversy;
especially a formal discussion of subjects before a public assembly or legislature,
in Parliament or in any deliberative assembly.
Debate is a method of formally presenting an argument in a disciplined manner.
Through logical consistency, factual accuracy and some degree of emotional
appeal to the audience are elements in debating, where one side often prevails
over the other party by presenting a superior "context" and/orframework of the
issue. The outcome of a debate may depend upon consensus or some formal way
of reaching a resolution,rather than the objective facts. In a formal debating
contest, there are rules for participants to discuss and decide on differences,
within a framework defining how they will interact.
Debating is carried out in assemblies of various types to discuss matters and to
make resolutions about action to be taken, often byvoting. Deliberative bodies
such as parliaments, legislative assemblies, and meetings of all sorts engage in
debates. In particular, in parliamentary democracies a legislature debates and
decides on new laws. Formal debates between candidates for elected office, such
as the leaders debates that are sometimes held in democracies. Debating is also
carried out for educational and recreational purposes, usually associated with
educational establishments and debating societies. The major goal of the study of
debate as a method or art is to develop the ability to debate rationally from either
position with equal ease.
Informal and forum debate is relatively common, shown by TV shows such
as Q&A, the Australian talk show, the quality and depth of a debate improves
with the knowledge and skills of its participants as debaters. The outcome of a
contest may be decided by audience vote, by judges, or by some combination of
the two.

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It can be organized by a group of teachers in a resourceful institution to
focus on important issues for the professional growth of secondarily and
senior secondary teachers. The messages, issues, problems to be discussed
need to be systematically outlined for worthwhile discussions and for
arriving at some meaningful conclusions.
It comprises experts in a field which could be drawn from different fields
focusing the theme. The presentation could be in the form of a research
paper, a review, or a model to visualize professional problems and issues in a
given context.
Anchoring or focalize is a cognitive bias that describes the common human
tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the
"anchor") when making decisions. During decision making, anchoring occurs
when individuals use an initial piece of information to make subsequent
judgments. Once an anchor is set, other judgments are made by adjusting
away from that anchor, and there is a bias toward interpreting other
information around the anchor. For example, the initial price offered for a
used car sets the standard for the rest of the negotiations, so that prices
lower than the initial price seem more reasonable even if they are still higher
than what the car is really worth.
Factors that influence anchoring

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Mood
A wide range of researchhas linkedsad or depressedmoods withmore extensive and
accurate evaluationof problems.[
As a result of this, earlier studies hypothesizedthat
people with more depressedmoods wouldtendto use anchoring less thanthose with
happier moods. However, more recent studieshave shownthe highknowledge
opposite effect:sadpeople are more likely touse anchoring than people withhappy or
neutral mood.
Experience
Early researchfoundthat experts (those with, experience, or expertiseinsome field)
were more resistant tothe anchoring effect. Since then, however, numerous studies
have demonstratedthat while experience cansometimes reducethe effecteven
experts are susceptibletoanchoring. In a study concerning the effects of anchoring on
judicial decisions, researchers foundthat evenexperiencedlegal professionals were
affectedby anchoring. This remainedtrue evenwhenthe anchors providedwere
arbitrary and unrelatedtothe case in question.
Personality
Researchhas correlatedsusceptibility toanchoring withmost of the Big Five
personality traits. People highinagreeableness andconscientiousness are more likely
to be affectedby anchoring, while those highin extroversionare less likely tobe
affected.]
Another study foundthat those highin openness tonew experiences were
more susceptible tothe anchoring effect.[
Cognitive ability
The impact of cognitive ability on anchoring is contested. A recent
study on willingness to pay for consumergoods found that anchoring decreasedin
those with greatercognitive ability, though it did not disappear Another study,
however,foundthat cognitive ability had no significanteffecton how likely people
were to use anchoring.

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Event management is the applicationof project management tothe creationand
development of large scale events suchas festivals, conferences, ceremonies, formal
parties, concerts, or conventions. It involves studying the brand, identifying the target
audience, devising the event concept, planning the logisticsandcoordinating the
technical aspects before actually launching the event.
The process of planning and co-ordinations the event is usually referredtoas event
planning and can include budgeting, scheduling, siteselection, acquiring
necessary permits, coordinating transportationandparking, arranging for speakers or
entertainers, arranging decor, eventsecurity, catering andemergency plans.
The events industry nowincludes events of all sizes fromthe Olympics downto
business breakfast meetings. Many industries, charitableorganizations, andinterest
groups hold events inorder tomarket themselves, buildbusiness relationships, raise
money or
Marketing Tool
Event management is consideredone of the strategic marketing andcommunication
tools by companies of all sizes. Fromproduct launches topress conferences, companies
create promotional events tohelpthem communicate withclients andpotential clients.
A number of elements suchas music, live entertainment or eventhe particular venue
may be usedto influence the tone and atmosphere of an event. Event managers may
also use news mediato target their audience, hoping togenerate mediacoverage which
will reachthousands or millions of people. They can also invite their audience totheir
events andreach themat the actual event celebrate achievement.
Event Manager
The event manager is the personwho plans and executes the event, taking
responsibility for the creative, technical andlogistical elements. This includes overall
event design, brandbuilding, marketing and communicationstrategy, audio-
visual production, scriptwriting, logistics, budgeting, negotiationandclient service.]

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Sustainability
Sustainable event management (alsoknownas event greening) is the
process usedto produce an event with particular concernfor environmental,
economic and socialissues. Sustainabilityin event managementincorporates socially
and environmentally responsible decisionmaking into the planning, organization and
implementation of, and participation in, an event. It involves including sustainable
development principles and practices in all levels of event organization, and aims to
ensure that an event is hosted responsibly. It is an integrated manner. Event greening
should start at the inception of the project, and should involve all represents the total
packageofinterventions at an event, and needs to be done the key role players, such
as a clients, organizers, venues, sub-contractors and suppliers.
Technology
Event management software companies provide event planners withsoftware tools to
handle many common activitiessuchas delegate registration, hotelbooking, travel
booking or allocationof exhibitionfloor space.
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There are an increasing number of universities which offer courses in event
management, including diplomas and graduate degrees. In addition to these
academic courses, there are many associations and societies that provide
courses on the various aspects of the industry. Study includes organizational
skills, technical knowledge, P.R., marketing, advertising, catering, logistics,
decor, glamour identity, human relations, study of law and licenses, risk
management, budgeting, study of allied industries like television, other
media and several other areas. Certification can be acquired from various
sources to obtain designations such as Certified Trade Show Marketer
(CTSM), Certified Manager of Exhibits (CME), Certified in Exhibition
Management (CEM), Global Certification in Meeting Management (CMM),
Certified Meeting Professional (CMP), Global Certificate in Event Design
(EDC) and the Certified Special Event Professional (CSEP)
http//www.evenues.com/event-planning-guide/what-is-a-seminar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate
http://w3.unisa.edu.au/antep/pdf/LESLSt1.pdf
https://www.britishcouncil.in/events/english-language-training-workshops-
school-teachers

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