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Audience
This basic course is intended for anyone who requires basic AIX/UNIX user
skills to be able to work in an AIX environment.
This course is also a prerequisite for many courses in the AIX Systems
Administration curriculum.
Prerequisites
You should be familiar with:
basic information technology (IT) concepts and the role of an operating
system
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Skills taught
Log in to an AIX system and set a user password
Use AIX online documentation
Manage AIX files and directories
Describe the purpose of the shell
Use the vi editor
Execute common AIX commands and manage AIX processes
Customize the working environment
Use common AIX utilities
Write simple shell scripts
Use the AIXWindows Environment
Use the Common Desktop Environment
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AIX history:
IBM had 2 discrete Power Architecture hardware lines, based on
different Operating Systems:
- OS/400, later i5/OS, more later IBM i
- AIX (on the same hardware it is possible to run Linux as well)
I. 1986-1990 (AS/400 - IBM RT):
In 1986 AIX Version 1 had been introduced for the IBM 6150 RT
workstation, which was based on UNIX.
In 1987 for the other product line: OS/400 (later i5/OS and IBM i), the
platform (hardware) AS/400 had been released.
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II. 1990-1999 (RS/6000):
Among other variants, IBM later produced AIX Version 3 (also
known as AIX/6000), for their IBM POWER-based RS/6000
platform. The RS/6000 family replaced the IBM RT computer
platform in February 1990, and was the first computer line to see
the use of IBM's POWER and PowerPC based microprocessors.
Since 1990, AIX has served as the primary operating system for
the RS/6000 series.
III. 2000-2004 (eServer pseries):
IBM eServer was a family of computer servers from IBM Corporation.
Announced in the year 2000, it combined the various IBM server brands
(AS/400, RS/6000...) under one brand.
The various sub-brands were at the same time rebranded from:
- IBM AS/400 to IBM eServer iSeries, i for Integrated.
- IBM RS/6000 to IBM eServer pSeries, p for POWER
...
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IV. 2004-2008 (IBM system i and p):
In 2005 announced a new brand, 'IBM System' as an umbrella
for all IBM server and storage brands:
- IBM eServer iSeries became IBM System i
- IBM eServer pSeries became IBM System p
...
V. 2008-2010 (Power Systems):
In April of 2008, IBM officially merged the two lines of servers and
workstations under the same name, Power Systems, with identical
hardware and a choice of operating systems, software and service
contracts.
Power Systems is the name of IBM's unified Power Architecturebased server line, merging both System i and System p server
platforms, and running either IBM i (formerly i5/OS and OS/400), AIX
or Linux operating systems. Power Systems was announced April
2, 2008.
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How can I find out what command is respawning too rapidly and
filling up my wtmp file?
A common situation is that the init process is repeatedly attempting
to start a failing process. The init man page describes what
happens when init finds an entry is being respawned:
If the init command finds that it is continuously running an entry in
the /etc/inittab file (more than five times in 225 seconds), it
assumes
that an error in the entry command string exists. It then prints an
error message to the console and logs an error in the system error
log.
After the message is sent, the entry does not run for 60 seconds.
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the error continues to occur, the command will respawn the entry only
five times every 240 seconds. The init command continues to assume an
error occurred until the command does not respond five times in the
interval, or until it receives a signal from a user. The init command
logs an error for only the first occurrence of the error.
To find out what is being respawned use the steps below.
1. Check the console or console logs
Check on the console to see if init is writing an error message similar to the
one below:
0 Thu Jan 22 10:16:27 EST 2009
INIT: Command is respawning too rapidly. Check for possible errors.
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id: xvfb "/usr/bin/X11/X -force -vfb -x abx -x dbe -x GLX :1 &"
Or search through the console log using the alog command:
# alog -t console -o | more
2. Check errpt
Next there may be an entry in the errpt output with the label
"INIT_RAPID" like below:
LABEL: INIT_RAPID
IDENTIFIER: 3A30359F
Date/Time:
Wed Jan 28 10:14:17 2009
Sequence Number: 1789
Machine Id:
00CC2F914C00
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Node Id:
libgng
Class:
S
Type:
TEMP
AIX Overview
AIX stands for Advanced Interactive eXecutive
AIX is IBM’s version of the UNIX operating system.
AIX, IBM’s version of UNIX competes with Microsoft Windows server
operating systems, and other proprietary UNIX operating systems such
as, Oracle’s Sun Solaris, Hewett Packard’s HP-UX, and Tru64 Unix.
AIX is mainly used for enterprise business computing.
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A word on Linux
Linux is a clone of the UNIX operating system. It is technically not
considered UNIX.
The first Linux kernel was developed by Linus Trorvalds in 1991.
Linux’s origins are found in the MINX operating system project
which was a minimal Unix like operating system used for
educational purposes, etc. It was released in 1987. Linux actually
started because Linus was frustrated with the licensing of the MINIX
operating system.
There are many different distributions of the Linux operating
system, aimed for different things, the two most used in the
business computing world however are: Novell Suse Linux and Red
Hat Linux used mostly in Europe and in the U.S. respectively.
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IBM PowerVM
IBM PowerVM – Licensed software/firmware feature which enables IBM
virtualization technology on IBM POWER systems.
IBM PowerVM was formerly known as APV – Advanced Power
Virtualization.
IBM PowerVM is available in three editions:
-IBM PowerVM Express Edition
-IBM PowerVM Standard Edition
-IBM PowerVM Enterprise Edition
Each edition offers specific limitations, or additional
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HMC – Hardware Management
Console
To access the HMC web interface. Access the following URL from
your web browser:
https://IP_ADDRESS_OR_RESOLVED_HOSTNAME_OF_HMC
The IBM factory default login credentials of the HMC are as follows:
Login: hscroot
Password: abc1234
There is very, very limited root access to the Linux operating system
on the HMC. IBM technical support will have to assist you in gaining
“real” Linux root access, if needed.
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Where to Get More Information
Vibrant Group:
www.vibrantgroup.co.in
Vibrant Technologies & Computers
www.vibranttechnologies.co.in/technologies.vibrantgroup
.co.in
Vibrant HR Team
www.hr.vibrangroup.co.in
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