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Straight Talk About Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membrane




                         Introduction
                    Unbiased Rating System
                         Formulation
                        Reinforcement
                      Polymer Thickness
                     Method of Production
                       Fire Resistance
                            Colors
                     Summary of Benefits
“ T h e                                                                                           T r u t h”                                                         Sarnafil Membranes Rated #1 & #2

                                                                                                                                        Graph 3
                                                                                                                                     Product Rating
 Average Rating Points Achieved




                                     80


                                     70


                                     60


                                     50
                                             SARNAFIL
                                                        G410 PVC

                                                                    SARNAFIL
                                                                               S327 PVC


                                                                                          PVC V


                                                                                                   PVC M


                                                                                                               PVC M2


                                                                                                                             PVC F


                                                                                                                                          TPO C


                                                                                                                                                       PVC B


                                                                                                                                                                     PVC G


                                                                                                                                                                                  PVC D


                                                                                                                                                                                                TPO F


                                                                                                                                                                                                             PVC S



                                                                                                                                                                                                                           TPO E


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         TPO G



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 TPO J
                                                        Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash
                                                                   Carl Cash is a principal and vice president at Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger, Inc. - a consulting engineering firm with offices in Arlington, MA and San Francisco, CA.




                                                                                                                        Sarnafil PVC Is Best

                                  In 1999, an in-depth analysis compared the
                                  physical properties and performance                                                   The SGH analysis and findings were presented at the 1999 International Symposium for Durability
                                  capabilities of most commercially available                                           of Building Materials sponsored by the Canadian National Research Council. This research was
                                  thermoplastic roofing products, including                                             also published in the October, 1999 and May, 2000 issues of RCI Interface, the journal of the Roof
                                  fifteen PVC and TPO thermoplastic                                                     Consultants Institute.
                                  membranes. The testing and performance
                                  rating was conducted by the consulting                                                At the conclusion of his extensive analysis on the performance properties of thermoplastic
                                  engineers at Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger,                                               membranes, Carl G. Cash made the following observations:
                                  Inc. (SGH). Their analysis identifies specific
                                  testing methodologies and comparative                                                 • "Most PVC membrane samples rate significantly higher than their TPO counterparts."
                                  performance results.
                                                                                                                        • "For example, the top-rated six samples are all PVC’s. Four of the six lowest rated
                                                                                                                          samples are TPO’s."
                                  The SGH analysis is referenced on the
                                  following pages. For comparative purposes,                                            • "All of the five TPO samples have an average rating at or below the average for this group of
                                  Sarnafil membranes have been specifically                                               fifteen samples."
                                  labeled.
                                                                                                                        • "This suggests that the best choice for a durable membrane is PVC when PVC and TPO
                                                                                                                          membranes are considered.”
                                  SGH test results confirmed that the
                                  performance rating of Sarnafil roofing
                                                                                                                        • "The only rational procedure for selecting a roofing system is its past performance on the roof in
                                  membranes was superior to the other
                                                                                                                           the same climate as the new project.”
                                  commercially available heat-welded
                                  products.
                                                                                                                        • “When faced with selecting a membrane system without the support of a history of excellent
                                                                                                                          performance, an unbiased rating system may be useful." (Graph 3)
Graph 1
                                                                       Thermoplastic Experience

                                     35

                                     30

                                     25
               Years of Experience




                                     20

                                     15

                                     10

                                      5

                                      0
                                            SARNAFIL


                                                       PVC D


                                                               PVC G


                                                                             PVC M


                                                                                      PVC F


                                                                                              PVC B


                                                                                                        PVC S


                                                                                                                 TPO F


                                                                                                                         TPO C


                                                                                                                                        TPO J


                                                                                                                                                       TPO G
                                                                                                                           Years Private Label

                                                               Source: 1999 NRCA Commercial Low Slope
                                                                        Roofing Material Guide
                                                               Note: TPO F not listed in NRCA Roofing Materials Guide



                                          Straight Talk About Thermoplastic Membrane

If you’re a roofing consumer or a design                               Heat-welded thermoplastic roofing                         Beware of unproven products and
professional, you need to select properly                              membranes are the fastest-growing                         inexperienced suppliers! Sarnafil roofing
formulated, long-lasting, heat-welded                                  segment of the low-slope                                  and waterproofing systems have proven
thermoplastic roofing systems. To do that,                             industrial/commercial roofing market. Most                themselves over decades—Demonstrating
you need information. Straight talk. The                               membranes of this type marketed in the                    watertight performance capability 35 years
truth!                                                                 United States are formulated with either PVC              after installation. Our heat-welded roofing
                                                                       (polyvinyl chloride) or TPO (thermoplastic                membranes have the longest performance
And the truth is what you’ll get from Sarnafil.                        polyolefin).                                              history of all thermoplastic membranes. In
We’re the world’s leading producer of heat-                                                                                      this report, we’ll differentiate among various
welded roofing materials, offering unique                              Don’t Be Fooled!                                          roofing membranes according to specific
experience in thermoplastic membrane                                                                                             performance characteristics.
technology. In this report, we’ll focus on the                         • Over the past several years, many TPO
features, benefits, and engineering and                                roofing products produced in this country
performance requirements critical to long-                             have been evolving in formulation and                                              Graph 2
lasting roofing systems. We’ll present real-                           ingredients. These membranes should be                                         Percent Growth
world performance criteria for heat-welded                             regarded as experimental, since there’s no                                   of Square Feet Sold
roofing material specifications. Our goal is to                        long-term performance data to forecast their
                                                                                                                                       20
illuminate material properties, raise                                  life expectancy.
                                                                                                                                       15
performance standards, and ultimately
                                                                                                                                       10
promote superior quality among all                                     • Many EPDM and built-up roof
thermoplastic roof materials.                                          manufacturing companies are entering the                    %    5

                                                                       heat-welded roofing business despite having                      0

                                                                       little or no firsthand experience with                           -5

                                                                       thermoplastic membrane technology. As a                         -10
                                                                                                                                                Thermoplastic   Thermoset   SBS Mod. Bit.
                                                                       result, experience levels vary considerably                                 Membrane

                                                                       among suppliers (Graph 1).                                        Source: November 2000 SPRI Statistics
The Facts About Membrane Formulation

Earlier, we urged caution when considering          Vinyl polymeric roofing membranes are          Thumbs Up for Sarnafil
products that continually “evolve.” Frequent        typically formulated with a combination of
formulation changes often indicate that the         PVC resins, stabilizers, plasticizers, fire    Sarnafil recently conducted a survey of
manufacturer is searching for the right mix         retardants, and pigments. Sarnafil blends      owners of the oldest Sarnafil roofs in the
of components. When evaluating roofing              these components to produce consistently       U.S.
membranes for a specification, insist that          high-quality roofing products that stand
the manufacturers tell you how long their           alone in providing customer satisfaction and   Survey Results:
current membrane formulation has been in            protection.
use. Specify proven performance and                                                                • The main reasons for choosing a
require a consistent material formulation.          Almost 40 years ago, the polymer chemists        Sarnafil roof: performance history and
Remember, the formulation of a roofing              at Sarnafil engineered what are now              life-cycle cost.
membrane is the foundation for its long-term        recognized as the longest-performing
performance and durability.                         thermoplastic roofing and waterproofing        • 93.3% of respondents said they were
                                                    membranes in the world. The basic                very satisfied with their Sarnafil roofs
                                                    formulation that has protected buildings for     (now 15-25 years old).
                                                    all these years is still used today.
                                                                                                   • 83.3% of respondents said they would
                                                                                                     recommend Sarnafil to another
                                                                                                     building owner.

                                                                                                   • Building owners confirmed that Sarnafil
                                                                                                     has one of the lowest annual maintenance
                                                                                                     costs in the roofing industry.
Biel Swimming Pool, Biel Switzerland
1964 Installation - Roof Performed for 34 Years
“T h e                           T r u t h”                                      Sarnafil Performs under UV Exposure

                         Table 1
              QUV Exposures of PVC Membrane

       Specimen       2000 Hours           4000 Hours     5000 Hours
                                                                                   Legend
       A              D3                   D3             C4
                                                                                   C1 Cracking/crazing severe (7x magnification)
       B              -                    -              C4
                                                                                   C2 Cracking/crazing moderate (7x magnification)
       C              -                    -              C4
                                                                                   C3 Cracking/crazing slight (7x magnification)
       D              C4 D3                C4             C4
                                                                                   C4 Cracking/crazing very slight (7x magnification)
       E              C4                   C4             C4
                                                                                   D1 Discoloring severe
       F              -                    C4             C4
                                                                                   D2 Discoloring moderate
       G              -                    C4             C4
                                                                                   D3 Discoloring slight
       S327           -                    -              -
                                                                                   • Sarnafil membranes exhibited no crazing,
       G410           -                    -              -
                                                                                      cracking or discoloration
       J              C4 D3                C4             C4
       K              C3 D3                C2 D2          C3 D2
       L              C4 D3                C3 D3          C4
       ASTM Round-Robin Testing




                             Long-Term Performance: Formulation Is the Key

  The formulation of a thermoplastic roofing       In the early 1990’s, while re-evaluating the      hours of QUV "B" bulb exposure. This
  membrane directly affects the material’s         ASTM standard for PVC roofing, the                test predicts that various thermoplastic
  long-term performance. The durability and        subcommittee on thermoplastic membranes           membrane formulations will behave
  historical performance of thermoplastic          conducted round-robin testing of twelve PVC       differently under ultraviolet exposure.
  membranes depend on the ingredients in           roofing membranes. This was done to               Not surprisingly, weathering performance
  these weatherproofing materials.                 determine the specific type of UV bulb that       characteristics also reveal a wide range
  Independent evaluations have repeatedly          should be utilized when analyzing the             of capabilities.
  confirmed the soundness of Sarnafil’s            performance of roofing membranes under
  advanced engineering and membrane                simulated, accelerated weathering                 Long-term exposure to natural UV radiation
  formulation.                                     conditions (QUV).                                 has also proven Sarnafil to be extremely
                                                                                                     durable and reliable.
                                                   Table 1 (above) documents the results of this
                                                   analysis. Of the thermoplastic PVC materials,
                                                   only Sarnafil's S327 and G410 roofing
                                                   membranes showed no signs of
                                                   discoloration, crazing, or cracking after 5,000




                                                                                                     Charrette Corporation, Woburn, MA
                                                                                                     1975 Installation - Roof Still Performing
Table 2
                        Observations Upon UV-Condensing Humidity Exposure - Changes


             Product:     SARNAFIL SARNAFIL PVC V      PVC M PVC M2   PVC F   TPO C   PVC B   PVC G       TPO E   PVC D   TPO F   PVC S   TPO G     TPO J
                            G410     S327
             Exposure                                                                                      NT              NT
              Hours
               1,000         GL       GL        SLYE    YE     YE     SLYE    SLYE      YE      YE                SLYE             GL     SLYE       YE
               2,000                                    SC             C      SLC                                                 SLYE
               3,000                            GL                             C                                                           SC
               4,000                            ST                                              ST
               5,000                                                           ST                                 SLST                              SLC
               6,000                 SLST              SLST                            SLST                                                P
               7,000        SLST
               8,000                            SH                                     ST       P                                          B
               9,000                                                                   SH                          SH
              10,000                  SC

               LEGEND:        B = BROWN EDGES                 P = PINKING                     SL = SLIGHT                         NT = NOT TESTED
                              C = CHALKING                    SC = SCRIM PRONOUNCED           ST = STIFFER
                              GL = GLOSS LOSS                 SH = SHRINKAGE                  YE = YELLOWING




               Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash



                             Test Proves Sarnafil Resists Property Changes

It has been almost a decade since ASTM                  Upon UV exposure, the Sarnafil membranes                    Table 2 (above) illustrates that most other
first conducted their round-robin,                      exhibit no signs of physical property changes               PVC and TPO membranes exhibit some
accelerated weathering test under QUV “B”               until 6,000 or 7,000 hours. The gloss loss (GL)             yellowing, chalking, scrim pronouncing, or
bulb exposure. The findings of SGH’s recently           reported is believed to be in the acrylic                   stiffening before 5,000 hours of exposure.
completed thermoplastic membrane analysis               coating, not the polymer. All other                         PVC V and PVC G products exhibited
concur with ASTM’s earlier research. Data               membranes tested displayed some yellowing,                  stiffening at 4,000 hours and would not pass
from the SGH study helps to specifically                which is a sign of polymer degradation. The                 the ASTM D4434 minimum standard for PVC
identify and highlight certain performance              Sarnafil membranes did not yellow even after                roofing membranes.
variations that exist between competing                 10,000 hours—an important consideration for
products that would otherwise be less                   determining the long-term reflectivity of a                 The Bottom Line:
apparent.                                               roof membrane. Reflective roof membranes                    When subjected to accelerated weathering,
                                                        help alleviate urban heat islands, improve air              Sarnafil’s basic and time-tested formulation
                                                        quality, and reduce cooling costs.                          continues to demonstrate superior results.
“T h e                                 T r u t h”                                                                     Superior Resistance to Water Absorption
                                                                                                     Graph 4
                                                                                                 Water Absorption
                                                                                                              ASTM D-570
                                       20



                                       15
                       % Weight Gain




                                       10



                                        5



                                        0
                                            SARNAFIL G410

                                                            SARNAFIL S327

                                                                            PVC V

                                                                                     PVC M

                                                                                             PVC M2

                                                                                                      PVC F

                                                                                                              TPO C

                                                                                                                      PVC B

                                                                                                                              PVC G

                                                                                                                                      PVC D

                                                                                                                                              TPO F

                                                                                                                                                      PVC S

                                                                                                                                                              TPO E

                                                                                                                                                                       TPO G

                                                                                                                                                                               TPO J
                 Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash



                                                            Watch Out for Water Absorption

  Another defining performance property of a                                        Excessive water absorption, common in                                             As you can see from Graph 4 (above), the
  thermoplastic roofing membrane is water                                           certain thermoplastic membranes, is caused                                        combination of Sarnafil's formulation and
  resistance. Long-term performance can be                                          by absorptive internal plasticizer mixes,                                         production method deliver superior
  diminished when a membrane tends to                                               and/or a laminated membrane construction.                                         resistance to water absorption. Although
  absorb rather than repel water. Water                                             Certain polymeric plasticizer-based                                               every roof should promote drainage, Sarnafil
  absorption can impede heat welding and                                            membranes and several laminated roof                                              membranes resist the absorption of standing
  routine repairs, and prevent future                                               membranes display the greatest increase in                                        water. Unlike several alternative systems,
  modifications for rooftop equipment.                                              weight after water immersion—an obvious                                           including other single-plies, the occurrence
                                                                                    sign that the roofing membrane has                                                of standing water does not affect the
                                                                                    absorbed some water. Be skeptical about                                           coverage of a Sarnafil warranty.
                                                                                    roofing products that tend to absorb the
                                                                                    elements they’re supposed to repel!
Reinforcement



                                   Figure 1                                                          Figure 2




          Polyester and Fiberglass Reinforcements                              A Close Weave Reinforcement Can Prevent Polymer Bonding -
                                                                               Allowing for Potential Water-Wicking and Membrane Delamination




                                 Reinforcing the Truth About Reinforcement

The function of reinforcement within a              The type of reinforcement utilized within a         Mechanically fastened roofing systems are
roofing material has been both                      particular membrane was chosen to provide           intermittently affixed to a building’s structure.
misrepresented and misunderstood.                   the specific physical properties needed to          The three-dimensional forces endured by a
Reinforcement provides long-term                    meet the design requirements of different           membrane at the point of mechanical
dimensional stability to all roofing                roof system applications.                           attachment requires strength and resistance
membranes. Built-up roofing and single-ply                                                              to oscillating stress. In light of this, scrim
membranes require some type of                      The enhanced dimensional stability of a             reinforcement is desirable for its enhanced
reinforcement to control expansion and              thermoplastic membrane is an important              tensile and tear strength. Sarnafil's S327
contraction.                                        design parameter for adhered and ballasted          membrane, designed for use in mechanically
                                                    systems. Sarnafil’s G membranes are                 fastened roof applications, is reinforced with
Two types of reinforcement (see Figure 1)           fiberglass-reinforced to deliver long-term          a woven polyester scrim.
are utilized within single-ply membranes:           dimensional stability. Sarnafil G410
nonwoven fiberglass mat and woven                   membranes are the most dimensionally
polyester scrim. Over 35 years ago, Sarnafil        stable single-ply roofing membranes in the
engineers decided to reinforce all roofing          world (ASTM D 1004).
membranes manufactured by the company.
“ T h e                                  T r u t h”                                                                                       Reinforced Monolithic Construction
                                                                                                               Graph 5
                                                                                                             Dye Wicking
                                                                                                             Dye Wicking
                                                                                                                      Machine Direction
                                                                                                                      Cross Machine Direction
                                     6

                                     5

                                     4
                            Inches




                                     3

                                     2

                                     1

                                     0
                                         SARNAFIL G410

                                                         SARNAFIL S327

                                                                         PVC V

                                                                                 PVC M

                                                                                            PVC M2
                                                                                                     PVC F

                                                                                                              TPO C

                                                                                                                          PVC B


                                                                                                                                  PVC G


                                                                                                                                          PVC D

                                                                                                                                                  TPO F

                                                                                                                                                          PVC S

                                                                                                                                                                  TPO E

                                                                                                                                                                           TPO G

                                                                                                                                                                                   TPO J
                  Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash



                        Reinforcement: No Substitute for Polymer Thickness

  Typically, temporary fabric structures and                                             Designers and building owners have learned
  tarpaulins are manufactured with a high-                                               that water-wicking along the reinforcement
  strength, closely woven reinforcement (see                                             can prevent future repairs, result in a
  Figure 2) that provides the base for the                                               delaminating membrane, and lead to
  application of a light polymeric coating or                                            premature roof failure. A dye-wicking test
  thin film laminates applied to either side.                                            illustrates the ability for water to be
                                                                                         absorbed and travel along the reinforcement
  Waterproofing polymer protects a building                                              (Graph 5 above). The Sarnafil G410 and S327
  from the intrusion of inclement weather; the                                           membranes absorbed no dye, which is a
  reinforcement does not. A strong                                                       testimony to their monolithic construction.
  reinforcement is no substitute for polymer                                                                                                                              Sarnafil’s Reinforcement Becomes
  thickness!                                                                             By integrating a unique coating                                                  Embedded in Polymer During a Coating
                                                                                         manufacturing process with a proven                                              Process
  A tightly woven reinforcement can reduce                                               material formulation and specific membrane
  the area available for polymeric-coating                                               reinforcements, Sarnafil has established a
  contact adhesion, which is needed in the                                               no-nonsense reputation for delivering roofing
  spaces around and within the scrim. Scrim                                              solutions that can withstand the world's
  reinforcements that are proportionately                                                harshest conditions.
  excessive can also diminish the bonding
  strength within and between laminated
  layers of certain membranes. This allows
  water another opportunity to intrude and
  damage a roof.
Estimated Cost Breakdown of an Installed Thermoplastic Roof

                                                              1% Details         2.5% Accessories




                                                                                         21%
                                                                                         Insulation

                                                       41% Labor



                                                                                    26.5%
                                                                                    Membrane




                                                5.5% Edge Detail
                                                                        2.5% Warranty Fee

                                                             System Description:
                    22 ga. Steel Deck, 1 layer of 2.7” Sarnatherm insulation, Sarnafil Membrane Mechanically Attached,
                           clad metal edge with 5” fascia, 4 roof drains, 4 HVAC units, 8 stacks, 10 Year warranty.



                                                Polymer Thickness Pays Off

Consultative guidance is an important                 benefit to roofing consumers. A reduction in     The SGH analysis found that, on average,
component of the roof purchase transaction.           polymer can be detrimental to a roofing          Sarnafil membranes displayed more polymer
Roof consultants and design professionals             system’s long-term capability. By not            thickness than the other thermoplastic
have been omitted from the breakdown                  carefully considering their polymer              membranes analyzed (Table 3 next page).
illustrated above only because their fees are         investment, uneducated buyers often
rarely part of the actual roof contract. The          consign their roofs to premature failure.        Surprisingly, when the installed cost of a
graphic above is intended to highlight the                                                             high-quality thermoplastic roofing membrane
minimal relative price impact that additional         In addition to thickness, raw-material grade     is compared to that of a lower-cost
high-grade polymer has on the installed cost          variations affect the durability and cost of a   alternative, the price difference is
of a roofing system. Although not captured in         roof’s membrane. The cost differential           insignificant. A few pennies per square foot
the illustration, Sarnafil strongly endorses          between low- and high-grade polymer can          are typically all that separates Sarnafil from
knowledgeable guidance as a means to                  vary by 25% - 30%. The above chart shows         alternative thermoplastic roofs of similar
facilitate roof design and installation.              the estimated cost of an installed               polymer thickness.
                                                      mechanically attached thermoplastic roof.
The polymer content of a thermoplastic                The membrane—which protects the                  Clearly, increasing polymer thickness has
roofing membrane represents about 75                  insulation, the building, and its contents—      little impact on the installed cost of a roof
percent of its overall production cost.               represents only 26.5% of the entire roofing      system. In fact the cheapest way to increase
When making thermoplastic membranes,                  cost (19% if the expense of removing an old      durability and other long-term performance
the manufacturer can save money by                    roof is an additional project requirement).      properties is to demand more polymer.
reducing polymer thickness. That’s no
“ T h e                                T r u t h”                                               Sarnafil Delivers More Protection

                                                               Table 3
                                               Labeled vs. Measured Polymer Thickness

                                                    Labeled         Measured             Deviation of             Deviation of
                                 Product           Thickness        Thickness         Polymer Thickness        Polymer Thickness
                                                                    of Polymer            From Label               From Label
                                                     (Mils)            (Mils)                (Mils)                   (%)
                             SARNAFIL G410          48 Mils           48 Mils                   -                      -
                             SARNAFIL S327          48 Mils           49 Mils               + 1 Mils              2.1 % More
                             PVC V                  50 Mils           40 Mils               -10 Mils             20.0 % Less
                             PVC M                  50 Mils           44 Mils                 -6 Mils            12.0 % Less
                             PVC M2                 40 Mils           34 Mils                 -6 Mils            15.0 % Less
                             PVC F                  48 Mils           43 Mils                 -5 Mils            10.4 % Less
                             TPO C                  45 Mils           43 Mils                 -2 Mils             4.4 % Less
                             PVC B                  50 Mils           46 Mils                 -4 Mils             8.0 % Less
                             PVC G                  48 Mils           40 Mils                 -8 Mils            16.6 % Less
                             PVC D                  35 Mils           28 Mils                 -7 Mils            20.0 % Less
                             TPO F                  45 Mils           43 Mils                 -2 Mils             4.4 % Less
                             PVC S                  36 Mils           33 Mils                 -3 Mils             8.3 % Less
                             TPO E                  45 Mils           42 Mils                 -3 Mils             6.6 % Less
                             TPO G                  45 Mils           46 Mils                +1 Mils              2.2 % More
                             TPO J                  45 Mils           31 Mils               -14 Mils             31.1 % Less


                  Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash




                                         Insist on Certified Polymer Thickness

  It’s unwise to select a roofing system without              Roofing specifications should require that the
  first establishing a minimum polymer                        consumer be provided with a certificate of
  thickness. We urge you to be skeptical about                polymer thickness by the manufacturer. This
  roofing membranes specified to deliver an                   requirement will satisfy designers and
  ambiguous "nominal" thickness. The nominal                  building owners by helping to ensure that all
  thickness guidelines set forth by ASTM                      roofing membranes under consideration are
  actually encourage misleading product                       providing an absolute minimum polymer
  descriptions. These guidelines have allowed                 thickness.
  the thickness of roofing products to exhibit
  negative variances of 10% compared to their                 When several brands of roofing are listed in
  advertised description! Sarnafil has                        a specification, the certified thickness
  introduced a certified polymer thickness                    requirement establishes a more uniform                Certified Polymer Thickness Program
  program to challenge the roofing industry's                 basis for comparison. Sarnafil roofing and
  “laissez-faire” endorsement of nominal                      waterproofing membranes can be
  thickness nomenclature.                                     manufactured with a thickness ranging
                                                              between 48 and 120 mils.
Graph 6
                                                    Thickness of Polymer Above Reinforcement

                           25



                           20



                           15
                  Mils




                           10



                             5



                             0
                                    SARNAFIL S327

                                                    PVC V

                                                            PVC M

                                                                    PVC M2

                                                                             PVC F

                                                                                        TPO C

                                                                                                PVC B

                                                                                                        PVC G

                                                                                                                PVC D

                                                                                                                        TPO F

                                                                                                                                PVC S

                                                                                                                                        TPO E

                                                                                                                                                TPO G

                                                                                                                                                        TPO J
                 Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash


                                  The Polymer Barrier—First Line of Defense
Figure 3
                                                                                                                                        Polymer thickness also provides:

                                                                                                                                        • Superior tear resistance
                                                                                                                                        • Greater tensile strength
                                                                                                                                        • Enhanced durability and puncture
           48 MIL SARNAFIL G410                                                      48 MILS OF POLYMER
                                                                                                                                          resistance (Table 4)
           LABELED 1.2 MM
                                                                                                                                        • Improved consistency of heat-welded
                                                                                                                                          seams

                                                                                                                                        Table 4
           COMPETITIVE LAMINATED MEMBRANE                                            31 MILS OF POLYMER
                                                                                                                                                  Puncture Resistance Results
           LABELED 45 MIL                                            (1) 15 MIL FILM & (1) 16 MIL FILM
                                                                                                                                        Type               Thickness           Height of
                                                                                                                                                                               Falling Ball 70˚F
                                                                                                                                        PVC                      32   MIL           9.8”
The amount of waterproofing polymer                                 Figure 3 identifies basic differences in                            PVC                      45   MIL         17.7”
contained within thermoplastic roofing                              membrane construction and illustrates                               White TPO                45   MIL         15.7”
materials can vary significantly. In addition to                    discrepancies in polymer thickness. As                              Black TPO                45   MIL         14.2”
polymer grade and thickness, the Cost of                            shown in Table 3 (previous page), Sarnafil                          EPDM
Goods Manufactured is lower for companies                           membranes have been found to provide a                              Unreinforced             45 MIL            6.1”
that produce roofing membranes by                                   polymer barrier that is often 10% greater                           EPDM
                                                                                                                                        Reinforced               55 MIL          12.2”
laminating thin films of polymer around a                           than that offered by alternative thermoplastic
                                                                                                                                        SARNAFIL                 48 MIL          24.4”
reinforcing layer.                                                  membranes. Additional polymer above the                             SARNAFIL                 60 MIL          36.7”
                                                                    reinforcement has proven to be a more durable                       SARNAFIL                 72 MIL          40.8”
A cross-section of the laminated membrane                           and protective barrier. This barrier can optimize a                 SARNAFIL                 80 MIL          51.0”
construction (Figure 3 above) has been                              roof's performance because it is directly exposed                   SARNAFIL                 96 MIL          67.3”
graphically compared to the cross-section of                        to extreme weather conditions (Graph 6).                            SARNAFIL                120 MIL          89.7”
a Sarnafil coated membrane                                                                                                                                       Test SIA/14


.
“ T h e                                  T r u t h”                                       Proven Monolithic Construction

                                                                  Figure 4




                        SPREAD COATING                                          EXTRUSION




                       EXTRUSION COATING                                        CALENDERING




                              Monolithic Membrane Makes the Best Roofing

  Single-ply membrane can be made through        The Sarnafil manufacturing processes
  various manufacturing methods: spread          impart a number of performance-                                                                                             Graph 7
  coating, extrusion coating, or by laminating   enhancing characteristics that are unique.
  extruded or calendered films. In 1961,                                                                                                          Linear Dimensional Change
  Sarnafil developed a unique spread coating     • A coating process completely embeds the                                                               ASTM D 1204
                                                                                                         0.6
  process specifically for creating roofing      reinforcement and creates a monolithic
  and waterproofing membrane. In 1991,           membrane that can’t delaminate. A                       0.5

  Sarnafil introduced a new state-of-the-art     monolithic membrane also inhibits water-
  manufacturing process called extrusion         wicking along the reinforcement, thereby                0.4
                                                                                              % Change




  coating. The spread coat and extrusion         eliminating the need for caulking of
                                                                                                         0.3
  coating processes are recognized today as      exposed edges—a maintenance item for
  the best methods for producing monolithic,     the building owner.
                                                                                                         0.2
  reinforced, dimensionally stable roofing
  membranes.                                     • Less stress is built into the membrane                0.1

                                                 during a coating process, eliminating the
                                                 need to relax the sheet prior to seaming                0.0
                                                                                                               SARNAFIL G410

                                                                                                                                SARNAFIL S327

                                                                                                                                                PVC V

                                                                                                                                                        PVC M

                                                                                                                                                                PVC M2

                                                                                                                                                                         PVC F

                                                                                                                                                                                 TPO C

                                                                                                                                                                                         PVC B

                                                                                                                                                                                                 PVC G

                                                                                                                                                                                                         PVC D


                                                                                                                                                                                                                   TPO F

                                                                                                                                                                                                                           PVC S

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   TPO E

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           TPO G

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   TPO J




                                                 or attaching as is commonly required with
                                                 other manufacturing methods. Sarnafil                                                                                                                           Machine Direction
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Cross Machine Direction
                                                 membranes exhibited exceptional
                                                 dimensional stability (see Graph 7).                                          Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic
                                                                                                                                     Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash
NFPA Headquarters - Quincy, MA
                               Central operations of the National Fire Protection Association are sheltered beneath
                                       a UL Class-A fire rated roofing system manufactured by Sarnafil Inc.



                              What You Should Know About Fire Resistance

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl) materials          Full-scale fire testing with a specific focus on
have excellent fire performance properties.          rate of heat release has been conducted on
PVC, in particular, will not burn once the           a variety of fixtures and materials, including
source of heat or flame is removed.                  upholstered furniture, mattresses, electronic
                                                     cables, packaging systems, plastic display
Burning objects won’t spread a fire to nearby        stands, and wall-lining products. In every
items unless they release enough heat to             applicable case, results show that products            SBS         TPO     Sarnafil     Fire
ignite them. What’s more, the heat has to be         based on properly formulated PVC materials           Modified                         Retardent
                                                                                                          Bitumen                           EPDM
released quickly enough to avoid dissipation         are invariably top-rated performers.
while traveling through the cold air                                                                    Vertical Fire Test
surrounding anything not on fire. That’s why         The inherent fire resistance of a Sarnafil
the main criterion for identifying a fire hazard     membrane is evidenced by successful                PVC roofing membranes such as Sarnafil can
is widely accepted to be a material's rate of        achievement and full compliance with               self-extinguish and resist the spread of
heat release during combustion. In fact, rate        roofing’s most significant fire safety             flame. In a laboratory experiment, a flame
of heat release has been shown to be much            requirements. Sarnafil membranes enjoy             source was applied for ten seconds to the
more important than ease of ignition, smoke          certification under the strict fire code           underside of SBS modified bitumen, fire
toxicity, or flame spread, for determining           standards of more than twenty countries            retardant TPO, Sarnafil, and fire retardant
whether someone will have enough time to             throughout the world.                              EPDM. When the flame source was removed,
escape a building fire.                                                                                 the Sarnafil membrane extinguished the fire,
                                                                                                        while the alternative membranes continued
                                                                                                        to support combustion.
“ T h e                                         T r u t h ”                                       Sarnafil - Tried and Tested




           Sea World, Orlando, FL                                                                               Staples Center, Los Angeles, CA




                                                               United Center, Chicago, IL




       Candler Building, New York, NY                                                                             Spirit of Ford, Dearborn, MI




                                        A Touch of Color Adds a Touch of Class

 Sarnafil introduced colored membranes            Factory-Applied Surface Coating:                 Sarnafil’s EnergySmart Roof® is a white
 more than 20 years ago. Today, Sarnafil                                                           membrane that is factory-manufactured with
 colored membranes are employed to accent         • Helps repel dirt and airborne contaminates     a unique, dirt resistant coating. This coating
 the architectural design features of a             from the membrane’s surface                    helps to simplify the maintenance of a roof’s
 building. Colored membranes are also used                                                         reflectivity.
 to create logos, and roofs are becoming a        • Improves reflectivity, resulting in cooling
 significant means of advertising. At the           energy savings
 same time colors were introduced, Sarnafil
 also introduced a dirt resistant coating for     • Eases positioning of the membrane
 the exposed surface to keep the roof               during installation
 membrane clean.
Features and Benefits of Sarnafil Membrane:

Sarnafil Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes:                                    • Available in custom colors for a smooth,   We hope our straight talk has been
Summary of Benefits                                                            visually appealing finish                  helpful to you. For a free kit entitled
                                                                                                                          “A Practical Guide to Specifying Quality
• Proven, long-lasting formulation                                           • Hot-air welded seams are stronger than     Thermoplastic Roofing Membrane,”
                                                                               tapes or adhesives                         contact us by telephone or register online.
• Reduced cooling costs with highly
  reflective roofing membranes                                               • Exceptional tear and puncture resistance

• Reflective roofs promote better air quality                                • Low maintenance (no coatings required)

• Factory-applied, dirt-resistant coating helps                              • Low life-cycle cost
  keep membrane clean
                                                                             • Reinforcements for specific applications
• Superior fire performance                                                    and physical properties

• Sarnafil’s EnergySmart Roof® meets                                         • Various membrane thicknesses available
  ENERGY STAR® guidelines for energy                                           for additional durability and puncture
  efficiency                                                                   resistance                                 Sarnafil Inc.
                                                                                                                          100 Dan Road
                                                                                                                          Canton, MA 02021
                                                                                                                          TEL: 1-800-576-2358
                                                                                                                          FAX: 781-828-5365
                                                                                                                          EML: webmaster@sarnafilus.com
                                                                                                                          WEB: http://www.sarnafilus.com




Products displaying the ENERGY STAR® Logo must meet the energy-efficiency guidelines set by the EPA.
Look for the Logo on Sarnafil’s roofing products.

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Straight talk about thermoplastic single ply roofing membrane

  • 1. Straight Talk About Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membrane Introduction Unbiased Rating System Formulation Reinforcement Polymer Thickness Method of Production Fire Resistance Colors Summary of Benefits
  • 2. “ T h e T r u t h” Sarnafil Membranes Rated #1 & #2 Graph 3 Product Rating Average Rating Points Achieved 80 70 60 50 SARNAFIL G410 PVC SARNAFIL S327 PVC PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO E TPO G TPO J Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash Carl Cash is a principal and vice president at Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger, Inc. - a consulting engineering firm with offices in Arlington, MA and San Francisco, CA. Sarnafil PVC Is Best In 1999, an in-depth analysis compared the physical properties and performance The SGH analysis and findings were presented at the 1999 International Symposium for Durability capabilities of most commercially available of Building Materials sponsored by the Canadian National Research Council. This research was thermoplastic roofing products, including also published in the October, 1999 and May, 2000 issues of RCI Interface, the journal of the Roof fifteen PVC and TPO thermoplastic Consultants Institute. membranes. The testing and performance rating was conducted by the consulting At the conclusion of his extensive analysis on the performance properties of thermoplastic engineers at Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger, membranes, Carl G. Cash made the following observations: Inc. (SGH). Their analysis identifies specific testing methodologies and comparative • "Most PVC membrane samples rate significantly higher than their TPO counterparts." performance results. • "For example, the top-rated six samples are all PVC’s. Four of the six lowest rated samples are TPO’s." The SGH analysis is referenced on the following pages. For comparative purposes, • "All of the five TPO samples have an average rating at or below the average for this group of Sarnafil membranes have been specifically fifteen samples." labeled. • "This suggests that the best choice for a durable membrane is PVC when PVC and TPO membranes are considered.” SGH test results confirmed that the performance rating of Sarnafil roofing • "The only rational procedure for selecting a roofing system is its past performance on the roof in membranes was superior to the other the same climate as the new project.” commercially available heat-welded products. • “When faced with selecting a membrane system without the support of a history of excellent performance, an unbiased rating system may be useful." (Graph 3)
  • 3. Graph 1 Thermoplastic Experience 35 30 25 Years of Experience 20 15 10 5 0 SARNAFIL PVC D PVC G PVC M PVC F PVC B PVC S TPO F TPO C TPO J TPO G Years Private Label Source: 1999 NRCA Commercial Low Slope Roofing Material Guide Note: TPO F not listed in NRCA Roofing Materials Guide Straight Talk About Thermoplastic Membrane If you’re a roofing consumer or a design Heat-welded thermoplastic roofing Beware of unproven products and professional, you need to select properly membranes are the fastest-growing inexperienced suppliers! Sarnafil roofing formulated, long-lasting, heat-welded segment of the low-slope and waterproofing systems have proven thermoplastic roofing systems. To do that, industrial/commercial roofing market. Most themselves over decades—Demonstrating you need information. Straight talk. The membranes of this type marketed in the watertight performance capability 35 years truth! United States are formulated with either PVC after installation. Our heat-welded roofing (polyvinyl chloride) or TPO (thermoplastic membranes have the longest performance And the truth is what you’ll get from Sarnafil. polyolefin). history of all thermoplastic membranes. In We’re the world’s leading producer of heat- this report, we’ll differentiate among various welded roofing materials, offering unique Don’t Be Fooled! roofing membranes according to specific experience in thermoplastic membrane performance characteristics. technology. In this report, we’ll focus on the • Over the past several years, many TPO features, benefits, and engineering and roofing products produced in this country performance requirements critical to long- have been evolving in formulation and Graph 2 lasting roofing systems. We’ll present real- ingredients. These membranes should be Percent Growth world performance criteria for heat-welded regarded as experimental, since there’s no of Square Feet Sold roofing material specifications. Our goal is to long-term performance data to forecast their 20 illuminate material properties, raise life expectancy. 15 performance standards, and ultimately 10 promote superior quality among all • Many EPDM and built-up roof thermoplastic roof materials. manufacturing companies are entering the % 5 heat-welded roofing business despite having 0 little or no firsthand experience with -5 thermoplastic membrane technology. As a -10 Thermoplastic Thermoset SBS Mod. Bit. result, experience levels vary considerably Membrane among suppliers (Graph 1). Source: November 2000 SPRI Statistics
  • 4. The Facts About Membrane Formulation Earlier, we urged caution when considering Vinyl polymeric roofing membranes are Thumbs Up for Sarnafil products that continually “evolve.” Frequent typically formulated with a combination of formulation changes often indicate that the PVC resins, stabilizers, plasticizers, fire Sarnafil recently conducted a survey of manufacturer is searching for the right mix retardants, and pigments. Sarnafil blends owners of the oldest Sarnafil roofs in the of components. When evaluating roofing these components to produce consistently U.S. membranes for a specification, insist that high-quality roofing products that stand the manufacturers tell you how long their alone in providing customer satisfaction and Survey Results: current membrane formulation has been in protection. use. Specify proven performance and • The main reasons for choosing a require a consistent material formulation. Almost 40 years ago, the polymer chemists Sarnafil roof: performance history and Remember, the formulation of a roofing at Sarnafil engineered what are now life-cycle cost. membrane is the foundation for its long-term recognized as the longest-performing performance and durability. thermoplastic roofing and waterproofing • 93.3% of respondents said they were membranes in the world. The basic very satisfied with their Sarnafil roofs formulation that has protected buildings for (now 15-25 years old). all these years is still used today. • 83.3% of respondents said they would recommend Sarnafil to another building owner. • Building owners confirmed that Sarnafil has one of the lowest annual maintenance costs in the roofing industry. Biel Swimming Pool, Biel Switzerland 1964 Installation - Roof Performed for 34 Years
  • 5. “T h e T r u t h” Sarnafil Performs under UV Exposure Table 1 QUV Exposures of PVC Membrane Specimen 2000 Hours 4000 Hours 5000 Hours Legend A D3 D3 C4 C1 Cracking/crazing severe (7x magnification) B - - C4 C2 Cracking/crazing moderate (7x magnification) C - - C4 C3 Cracking/crazing slight (7x magnification) D C4 D3 C4 C4 C4 Cracking/crazing very slight (7x magnification) E C4 C4 C4 D1 Discoloring severe F - C4 C4 D2 Discoloring moderate G - C4 C4 D3 Discoloring slight S327 - - - • Sarnafil membranes exhibited no crazing, G410 - - - cracking or discoloration J C4 D3 C4 C4 K C3 D3 C2 D2 C3 D2 L C4 D3 C3 D3 C4 ASTM Round-Robin Testing Long-Term Performance: Formulation Is the Key The formulation of a thermoplastic roofing In the early 1990’s, while re-evaluating the hours of QUV "B" bulb exposure. This membrane directly affects the material’s ASTM standard for PVC roofing, the test predicts that various thermoplastic long-term performance. The durability and subcommittee on thermoplastic membranes membrane formulations will behave historical performance of thermoplastic conducted round-robin testing of twelve PVC differently under ultraviolet exposure. membranes depend on the ingredients in roofing membranes. This was done to Not surprisingly, weathering performance these weatherproofing materials. determine the specific type of UV bulb that characteristics also reveal a wide range Independent evaluations have repeatedly should be utilized when analyzing the of capabilities. confirmed the soundness of Sarnafil’s performance of roofing membranes under advanced engineering and membrane simulated, accelerated weathering Long-term exposure to natural UV radiation formulation. conditions (QUV). has also proven Sarnafil to be extremely durable and reliable. Table 1 (above) documents the results of this analysis. Of the thermoplastic PVC materials, only Sarnafil's S327 and G410 roofing membranes showed no signs of discoloration, crazing, or cracking after 5,000 Charrette Corporation, Woburn, MA 1975 Installation - Roof Still Performing
  • 6. Table 2 Observations Upon UV-Condensing Humidity Exposure - Changes Product: SARNAFIL SARNAFIL PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G TPO E PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO G TPO J G410 S327 Exposure NT NT Hours 1,000 GL GL SLYE YE YE SLYE SLYE YE YE SLYE GL SLYE YE 2,000 SC C SLC SLYE 3,000 GL C SC 4,000 ST ST 5,000 ST SLST SLC 6,000 SLST SLST SLST P 7,000 SLST 8,000 SH ST P B 9,000 SH SH 10,000 SC LEGEND: B = BROWN EDGES P = PINKING SL = SLIGHT NT = NOT TESTED C = CHALKING SC = SCRIM PRONOUNCED ST = STIFFER GL = GLOSS LOSS SH = SHRINKAGE YE = YELLOWING Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash Test Proves Sarnafil Resists Property Changes It has been almost a decade since ASTM Upon UV exposure, the Sarnafil membranes Table 2 (above) illustrates that most other first conducted their round-robin, exhibit no signs of physical property changes PVC and TPO membranes exhibit some accelerated weathering test under QUV “B” until 6,000 or 7,000 hours. The gloss loss (GL) yellowing, chalking, scrim pronouncing, or bulb exposure. The findings of SGH’s recently reported is believed to be in the acrylic stiffening before 5,000 hours of exposure. completed thermoplastic membrane analysis coating, not the polymer. All other PVC V and PVC G products exhibited concur with ASTM’s earlier research. Data membranes tested displayed some yellowing, stiffening at 4,000 hours and would not pass from the SGH study helps to specifically which is a sign of polymer degradation. The the ASTM D4434 minimum standard for PVC identify and highlight certain performance Sarnafil membranes did not yellow even after roofing membranes. variations that exist between competing 10,000 hours—an important consideration for products that would otherwise be less determining the long-term reflectivity of a The Bottom Line: apparent. roof membrane. Reflective roof membranes When subjected to accelerated weathering, help alleviate urban heat islands, improve air Sarnafil’s basic and time-tested formulation quality, and reduce cooling costs. continues to demonstrate superior results.
  • 7. “T h e T r u t h” Superior Resistance to Water Absorption Graph 4 Water Absorption ASTM D-570 20 15 % Weight Gain 10 5 0 SARNAFIL G410 SARNAFIL S327 PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO E TPO G TPO J Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash Watch Out for Water Absorption Another defining performance property of a Excessive water absorption, common in As you can see from Graph 4 (above), the thermoplastic roofing membrane is water certain thermoplastic membranes, is caused combination of Sarnafil's formulation and resistance. Long-term performance can be by absorptive internal plasticizer mixes, production method deliver superior diminished when a membrane tends to and/or a laminated membrane construction. resistance to water absorption. Although absorb rather than repel water. Water Certain polymeric plasticizer-based every roof should promote drainage, Sarnafil absorption can impede heat welding and membranes and several laminated roof membranes resist the absorption of standing routine repairs, and prevent future membranes display the greatest increase in water. Unlike several alternative systems, modifications for rooftop equipment. weight after water immersion—an obvious including other single-plies, the occurrence sign that the roofing membrane has of standing water does not affect the absorbed some water. Be skeptical about coverage of a Sarnafil warranty. roofing products that tend to absorb the elements they’re supposed to repel!
  • 8. Reinforcement Figure 1 Figure 2 Polyester and Fiberglass Reinforcements A Close Weave Reinforcement Can Prevent Polymer Bonding - Allowing for Potential Water-Wicking and Membrane Delamination Reinforcing the Truth About Reinforcement The function of reinforcement within a The type of reinforcement utilized within a Mechanically fastened roofing systems are roofing material has been both particular membrane was chosen to provide intermittently affixed to a building’s structure. misrepresented and misunderstood. the specific physical properties needed to The three-dimensional forces endured by a Reinforcement provides long-term meet the design requirements of different membrane at the point of mechanical dimensional stability to all roofing roof system applications. attachment requires strength and resistance membranes. Built-up roofing and single-ply to oscillating stress. In light of this, scrim membranes require some type of The enhanced dimensional stability of a reinforcement is desirable for its enhanced reinforcement to control expansion and thermoplastic membrane is an important tensile and tear strength. Sarnafil's S327 contraction. design parameter for adhered and ballasted membrane, designed for use in mechanically systems. Sarnafil’s G membranes are fastened roof applications, is reinforced with Two types of reinforcement (see Figure 1) fiberglass-reinforced to deliver long-term a woven polyester scrim. are utilized within single-ply membranes: dimensional stability. Sarnafil G410 nonwoven fiberglass mat and woven membranes are the most dimensionally polyester scrim. Over 35 years ago, Sarnafil stable single-ply roofing membranes in the engineers decided to reinforce all roofing world (ASTM D 1004). membranes manufactured by the company.
  • 9. “ T h e T r u t h” Reinforced Monolithic Construction Graph 5 Dye Wicking Dye Wicking Machine Direction Cross Machine Direction 6 5 4 Inches 3 2 1 0 SARNAFIL G410 SARNAFIL S327 PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO E TPO G TPO J Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash Reinforcement: No Substitute for Polymer Thickness Typically, temporary fabric structures and Designers and building owners have learned tarpaulins are manufactured with a high- that water-wicking along the reinforcement strength, closely woven reinforcement (see can prevent future repairs, result in a Figure 2) that provides the base for the delaminating membrane, and lead to application of a light polymeric coating or premature roof failure. A dye-wicking test thin film laminates applied to either side. illustrates the ability for water to be absorbed and travel along the reinforcement Waterproofing polymer protects a building (Graph 5 above). The Sarnafil G410 and S327 from the intrusion of inclement weather; the membranes absorbed no dye, which is a reinforcement does not. A strong testimony to their monolithic construction. reinforcement is no substitute for polymer Sarnafil’s Reinforcement Becomes thickness! By integrating a unique coating Embedded in Polymer During a Coating manufacturing process with a proven Process A tightly woven reinforcement can reduce material formulation and specific membrane the area available for polymeric-coating reinforcements, Sarnafil has established a contact adhesion, which is needed in the no-nonsense reputation for delivering roofing spaces around and within the scrim. Scrim solutions that can withstand the world's reinforcements that are proportionately harshest conditions. excessive can also diminish the bonding strength within and between laminated layers of certain membranes. This allows water another opportunity to intrude and damage a roof.
  • 10. Estimated Cost Breakdown of an Installed Thermoplastic Roof 1% Details 2.5% Accessories 21% Insulation 41% Labor 26.5% Membrane 5.5% Edge Detail 2.5% Warranty Fee System Description: 22 ga. Steel Deck, 1 layer of 2.7” Sarnatherm insulation, Sarnafil Membrane Mechanically Attached, clad metal edge with 5” fascia, 4 roof drains, 4 HVAC units, 8 stacks, 10 Year warranty. Polymer Thickness Pays Off Consultative guidance is an important benefit to roofing consumers. A reduction in The SGH analysis found that, on average, component of the roof purchase transaction. polymer can be detrimental to a roofing Sarnafil membranes displayed more polymer Roof consultants and design professionals system’s long-term capability. By not thickness than the other thermoplastic have been omitted from the breakdown carefully considering their polymer membranes analyzed (Table 3 next page). illustrated above only because their fees are investment, uneducated buyers often rarely part of the actual roof contract. The consign their roofs to premature failure. Surprisingly, when the installed cost of a graphic above is intended to highlight the high-quality thermoplastic roofing membrane minimal relative price impact that additional In addition to thickness, raw-material grade is compared to that of a lower-cost high-grade polymer has on the installed cost variations affect the durability and cost of a alternative, the price difference is of a roofing system. Although not captured in roof’s membrane. The cost differential insignificant. A few pennies per square foot the illustration, Sarnafil strongly endorses between low- and high-grade polymer can are typically all that separates Sarnafil from knowledgeable guidance as a means to vary by 25% - 30%. The above chart shows alternative thermoplastic roofs of similar facilitate roof design and installation. the estimated cost of an installed polymer thickness. mechanically attached thermoplastic roof. The polymer content of a thermoplastic The membrane—which protects the Clearly, increasing polymer thickness has roofing membrane represents about 75 insulation, the building, and its contents— little impact on the installed cost of a roof percent of its overall production cost. represents only 26.5% of the entire roofing system. In fact the cheapest way to increase When making thermoplastic membranes, cost (19% if the expense of removing an old durability and other long-term performance the manufacturer can save money by roof is an additional project requirement). properties is to demand more polymer. reducing polymer thickness. That’s no
  • 11. “ T h e T r u t h” Sarnafil Delivers More Protection Table 3 Labeled vs. Measured Polymer Thickness Labeled Measured Deviation of Deviation of Product Thickness Thickness Polymer Thickness Polymer Thickness of Polymer From Label From Label (Mils) (Mils) (Mils) (%) SARNAFIL G410 48 Mils 48 Mils - - SARNAFIL S327 48 Mils 49 Mils + 1 Mils 2.1 % More PVC V 50 Mils 40 Mils -10 Mils 20.0 % Less PVC M 50 Mils 44 Mils -6 Mils 12.0 % Less PVC M2 40 Mils 34 Mils -6 Mils 15.0 % Less PVC F 48 Mils 43 Mils -5 Mils 10.4 % Less TPO C 45 Mils 43 Mils -2 Mils 4.4 % Less PVC B 50 Mils 46 Mils -4 Mils 8.0 % Less PVC G 48 Mils 40 Mils -8 Mils 16.6 % Less PVC D 35 Mils 28 Mils -7 Mils 20.0 % Less TPO F 45 Mils 43 Mils -2 Mils 4.4 % Less PVC S 36 Mils 33 Mils -3 Mils 8.3 % Less TPO E 45 Mils 42 Mils -3 Mils 6.6 % Less TPO G 45 Mils 46 Mils +1 Mils 2.2 % More TPO J 45 Mils 31 Mils -14 Mils 31.1 % Less Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash Insist on Certified Polymer Thickness It’s unwise to select a roofing system without Roofing specifications should require that the first establishing a minimum polymer consumer be provided with a certificate of thickness. We urge you to be skeptical about polymer thickness by the manufacturer. This roofing membranes specified to deliver an requirement will satisfy designers and ambiguous "nominal" thickness. The nominal building owners by helping to ensure that all thickness guidelines set forth by ASTM roofing membranes under consideration are actually encourage misleading product providing an absolute minimum polymer descriptions. These guidelines have allowed thickness. the thickness of roofing products to exhibit negative variances of 10% compared to their When several brands of roofing are listed in advertised description! Sarnafil has a specification, the certified thickness introduced a certified polymer thickness requirement establishes a more uniform Certified Polymer Thickness Program program to challenge the roofing industry's basis for comparison. Sarnafil roofing and “laissez-faire” endorsement of nominal waterproofing membranes can be thickness nomenclature. manufactured with a thickness ranging between 48 and 120 mils.
  • 12. Graph 6 Thickness of Polymer Above Reinforcement 25 20 15 Mils 10 5 0 SARNAFIL S327 PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO E TPO G TPO J Source: Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash The Polymer Barrier—First Line of Defense Figure 3 Polymer thickness also provides: • Superior tear resistance • Greater tensile strength • Enhanced durability and puncture 48 MIL SARNAFIL G410 48 MILS OF POLYMER resistance (Table 4) LABELED 1.2 MM • Improved consistency of heat-welded seams Table 4 COMPETITIVE LAMINATED MEMBRANE 31 MILS OF POLYMER Puncture Resistance Results LABELED 45 MIL (1) 15 MIL FILM & (1) 16 MIL FILM Type Thickness Height of Falling Ball 70˚F PVC 32 MIL 9.8” The amount of waterproofing polymer Figure 3 identifies basic differences in PVC 45 MIL 17.7” contained within thermoplastic roofing membrane construction and illustrates White TPO 45 MIL 15.7” materials can vary significantly. In addition to discrepancies in polymer thickness. As Black TPO 45 MIL 14.2” polymer grade and thickness, the Cost of shown in Table 3 (previous page), Sarnafil EPDM Goods Manufactured is lower for companies membranes have been found to provide a Unreinforced 45 MIL 6.1” that produce roofing membranes by polymer barrier that is often 10% greater EPDM Reinforced 55 MIL 12.2” laminating thin films of polymer around a than that offered by alternative thermoplastic SARNAFIL 48 MIL 24.4” reinforcing layer. membranes. Additional polymer above the SARNAFIL 60 MIL 36.7” reinforcement has proven to be a more durable SARNAFIL 72 MIL 40.8” A cross-section of the laminated membrane and protective barrier. This barrier can optimize a SARNAFIL 80 MIL 51.0” construction (Figure 3 above) has been roof's performance because it is directly exposed SARNAFIL 96 MIL 67.3” graphically compared to the cross-section of to extreme weather conditions (Graph 6). SARNAFIL 120 MIL 89.7” a Sarnafil coated membrane Test SIA/14 .
  • 13. “ T h e T r u t h” Proven Monolithic Construction Figure 4 SPREAD COATING EXTRUSION EXTRUSION COATING CALENDERING Monolithic Membrane Makes the Best Roofing Single-ply membrane can be made through The Sarnafil manufacturing processes various manufacturing methods: spread impart a number of performance- Graph 7 coating, extrusion coating, or by laminating enhancing characteristics that are unique. extruded or calendered films. In 1961, Linear Dimensional Change Sarnafil developed a unique spread coating • A coating process completely embeds the ASTM D 1204 0.6 process specifically for creating roofing reinforcement and creates a monolithic and waterproofing membrane. In 1991, membrane that can’t delaminate. A 0.5 Sarnafil introduced a new state-of-the-art monolithic membrane also inhibits water- manufacturing process called extrusion wicking along the reinforcement, thereby 0.4 % Change coating. The spread coat and extrusion eliminating the need for caulking of 0.3 coating processes are recognized today as exposed edges—a maintenance item for the best methods for producing monolithic, the building owner. 0.2 reinforced, dimensionally stable roofing membranes. • Less stress is built into the membrane 0.1 during a coating process, eliminating the need to relax the sheet prior to seaming 0.0 SARNAFIL G410 SARNAFIL S327 PVC V PVC M PVC M2 PVC F TPO C PVC B PVC G PVC D TPO F PVC S TPO E TPO G TPO J or attaching as is commonly required with other manufacturing methods. Sarnafil Machine Direction Cross Machine Direction membranes exhibited exceptional dimensional stability (see Graph 7). Comparative Testing and Rating of Fifteen Thermoplastic Single-Ply Roof Membranes By C.G. Cash
  • 14. NFPA Headquarters - Quincy, MA Central operations of the National Fire Protection Association are sheltered beneath a UL Class-A fire rated roofing system manufactured by Sarnafil Inc. What You Should Know About Fire Resistance Polyvinyl chloride (PVC or vinyl) materials Full-scale fire testing with a specific focus on have excellent fire performance properties. rate of heat release has been conducted on PVC, in particular, will not burn once the a variety of fixtures and materials, including source of heat or flame is removed. upholstered furniture, mattresses, electronic cables, packaging systems, plastic display Burning objects won’t spread a fire to nearby stands, and wall-lining products. In every items unless they release enough heat to applicable case, results show that products SBS TPO Sarnafil Fire ignite them. What’s more, the heat has to be based on properly formulated PVC materials Modified Retardent Bitumen EPDM released quickly enough to avoid dissipation are invariably top-rated performers. while traveling through the cold air Vertical Fire Test surrounding anything not on fire. That’s why The inherent fire resistance of a Sarnafil the main criterion for identifying a fire hazard membrane is evidenced by successful PVC roofing membranes such as Sarnafil can is widely accepted to be a material's rate of achievement and full compliance with self-extinguish and resist the spread of heat release during combustion. In fact, rate roofing’s most significant fire safety flame. In a laboratory experiment, a flame of heat release has been shown to be much requirements. Sarnafil membranes enjoy source was applied for ten seconds to the more important than ease of ignition, smoke certification under the strict fire code underside of SBS modified bitumen, fire toxicity, or flame spread, for determining standards of more than twenty countries retardant TPO, Sarnafil, and fire retardant whether someone will have enough time to throughout the world. EPDM. When the flame source was removed, escape a building fire. the Sarnafil membrane extinguished the fire, while the alternative membranes continued to support combustion.
  • 15. “ T h e T r u t h ” Sarnafil - Tried and Tested Sea World, Orlando, FL Staples Center, Los Angeles, CA United Center, Chicago, IL Candler Building, New York, NY Spirit of Ford, Dearborn, MI A Touch of Color Adds a Touch of Class Sarnafil introduced colored membranes Factory-Applied Surface Coating: Sarnafil’s EnergySmart Roof® is a white more than 20 years ago. Today, Sarnafil membrane that is factory-manufactured with colored membranes are employed to accent • Helps repel dirt and airborne contaminates a unique, dirt resistant coating. This coating the architectural design features of a from the membrane’s surface helps to simplify the maintenance of a roof’s building. Colored membranes are also used reflectivity. to create logos, and roofs are becoming a • Improves reflectivity, resulting in cooling significant means of advertising. At the energy savings same time colors were introduced, Sarnafil also introduced a dirt resistant coating for • Eases positioning of the membrane the exposed surface to keep the roof during installation membrane clean.
  • 16. Features and Benefits of Sarnafil Membrane: Sarnafil Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes: • Available in custom colors for a smooth, We hope our straight talk has been Summary of Benefits visually appealing finish helpful to you. For a free kit entitled “A Practical Guide to Specifying Quality • Proven, long-lasting formulation • Hot-air welded seams are stronger than Thermoplastic Roofing Membrane,” tapes or adhesives contact us by telephone or register online. • Reduced cooling costs with highly reflective roofing membranes • Exceptional tear and puncture resistance • Reflective roofs promote better air quality • Low maintenance (no coatings required) • Factory-applied, dirt-resistant coating helps • Low life-cycle cost keep membrane clean • Reinforcements for specific applications • Superior fire performance and physical properties • Sarnafil’s EnergySmart Roof® meets • Various membrane thicknesses available ENERGY STAR® guidelines for energy for additional durability and puncture efficiency resistance Sarnafil Inc. 100 Dan Road Canton, MA 02021 TEL: 1-800-576-2358 FAX: 781-828-5365 EML: webmaster@sarnafilus.com WEB: http://www.sarnafilus.com Products displaying the ENERGY STAR® Logo must meet the energy-efficiency guidelines set by the EPA. Look for the Logo on Sarnafil’s roofing products.