Training: Day Two - Eclipse, Git, Maven
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This is the second in our four part training sessions introducing FenixEdu development for new collaborators. In this second session, we introduce some of the tools used in FenixEdu development, Eclipse, Git and Maven
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Training: Day Two - Eclipse, Git, Maven
- 1. ECLIPSE
- 2. CODE STYLE When working on a large team, code style is no place to be creative. Golden Rule ALWAYS USE THE GOD DAMN STYLE Benefits ✓ Minimize the change set on commits and conflicts ✓ Ease the overall readability of the code base ✓ Format the code automatically via IDE save actions
- 3. SAVE ACTIONS Save actions allow you to automate a set of tasks that will Golden Rule ALWAYS ENABLE THE GOD DAMN SAVE ACTIONS Benefits ✓ Code style is applied automatically ✓ Imports are organized according to the same set of rules ✓ Minimize the change set on commits and conflicts
- 4. BUILD AUTOMATICALLY When handling big projects, the build automatically feature can be an unpleasant experience. Golden Rule SAY NO TO BUILD AUTOMATICALLY Benefits ✓ Eclipse will be more responsive ✓ Embedded servlet containers will not react to code changes ✓ Embrace the limitations of FenixFramework
- 5. ECLIPSE JEDI If you want to maximize your productivity, you should use less mouse and more keyboard. Golden Rule LEARN YOUR TOOL AND SOME DAMN SHORTCUTS Benefits ✓ Increase your productivity ✓ Fix and solve your problems quicker ✓ Look smart and geek
- 6. ECLIPSE JEDI - SHORTCUTS Some of the most commonly used shortcuts Ctrl+Space Auto-complete Ctrl+Shift+F Fix Formatting Ctrl+Shift+R Open Resource Ctrl+Shift+T Open Type Ctrl+O Quick Outline Ctrl+L Go to Line Ctrl+T Quick Hierarchy
- 7. GIT
- 8. WHAT IS GIT? Distributed Version Control System (DVCS) that provides local branching for free. Golden Rule SNAPSHOTS NOT DIFFERENCES Benefits ✓ Each clone is a safety copy ✓ Local branching is free of headaches ✓ Lots of awesome features (stash, rebase, squash, etc...)
- 9. SVN VS GIT Checkins over time Version 1 SVN Version 2 file A Version 3 Δ1 Δ1 Δ1 Version 5 Δ2 file B file C Version 4 Δ2 Δ2 Δ3 Checkins over time Version 1 GIT Version 2 Version 3 Version 4 Version 5 A A1 A1 A2 A2 B B B B1 B2 C C1 C2 C2 C3
- 10. GIT REPOSITORY A GIT repository, among other artifacts, is essentially composed by: ✓ A set of commits ✓ A set of references (pointers) to commits (aka heads) head A 44d5c efc3a a4b4a d56d4 head B
- 11. COMMIT A commit comprehends: ✓ A set of files (blobs) that reflect the state of the project at a particular time ✓ Reference to the parent commits (i.e. the set of states from which the new state was originated from) ✓ A SHA1 name which grants the commit unicity and checksum properties efc3a a4b4a
- 12. HEAD ✓ A reference to a particular commit with a more human perceptive name ✓ A Git repository can have any number of heads ✓ At a given time, one of the heads is selected as the current head, which is also a reference called HEAD head A 44d5c efc3a a4b4a d56d4 head B HEAD
- 13. INITIALIZING THE REPOSITORY Git repositories work using your filesystem The repository is handled in the .git folder in the root of your project $ git init
- 14. STAGE ONE OR MORE FILES working directory staging area git repository git checkout git add git reset HEAD git commit $ touch README.md $ git add README.md
- 15. SAVING THE SNAPSHOT (COMMIT) master efc3a HEAD $ git commit -m “Added README”
- 16. ADDING MORE FILES TO THE PICTURE master efc3a HEAD $ git add *.java
- 17. MAKING ANOTHER COMMIT efc3a master ac2ad HEAD $ git commit -m “Added Java files”
- 18. BRANCHING (1) efc3a master ac2ad HEAD $ git branch feature/x feature/x
- 19. BRANCHING (2) efc3a master ac2ad feature/x HEAD $ git checkout feature/x
- 21. QUICK BRANCHING (2) efc3a master ac2ad feature/x HEAD $ git checkout -b feature/x
- 22. MERGING (1) efc3a master ac2ad 4ecd4 feature/x HEAD $ git commit -m “Fixed stuff”
- 23. MERGING (1) efc3a master ac2ad HEAD 4ecd4 $ git checkout master feature/x
- 24. MERGING (2) efc3a master ac2ad HEAD 4ecd4 $ git merge feature/x feature/x
- 27. MERGING (5) efc3a ac2ad master 4ecd4 HEAD $ git checkout master f3d3e feature/x
- 28. MERGING (6) efc3a ac2ad 4ecd4 master f3d3e feature/x 4ecd4 HEAD $ git merge feature/x Ugly History
- 29. DELETING A BRANCH efc3a ac2ad 4ecd4 master f3d3e 4ecd4 HEAD $ git branch -d feature/x Ugly History
- 31. REBASE (2) efc3a ac2ad f3d3e master 4ecd4 2fd3e feature/x HEAD $ git rebase -i master
- 32. MERGING (1) efc3a ac2ad master Clean History 4ecd4 HEAD 2fd3e $ git checkout master feature/x
- 33. MERGING (2) efc3a ac2ad 4ecd4 master 2fd3e feature/x HEAD $ git merge feature/x Fast-Forward
- 34. GITHUB A service that hosts Git repositories online with extra features Contribution Methodology ✓ Create forks from other repositories ✓ Push commits to your own fork ✓ Request pulls from your fork (e.g. pull-requests)
- 35. CLONE The clone command creates a full copy of the repository, i.e. all commits, tags and heads. Clone your fork $ git clone --origin fork git@gihub.com:davidmartinho/fenix (the --origin fork is to name the remote fork instead of the default origin) Add FenixEdu as a remote to fetch updates $ git remote add origin https://github.com/FenixEdu/fenix.git Pull from FenixEdu with rebase to keep history clean $ git pull --rebase origin master
- 36. PULL REQUESTS The pull request is not a git feature. Github has this pull request feature to improve contributions and allows developers to merge outside contributions directly on github. Golden Rule ALWAYS MAKE PULL REQUEST ON FENIX
- 37. MAVEN
- 38. WHAT IS MAVEN? Maven is much more than a project building tool. It allows you to build and manage your project. Golden Rule DEPENDENCIES BINARIES HAVE NO PLACE IN VCS Benefits ✓ Convention over Configuration ✓ Keeps the VCS repository out of binaries ✓ Format the code automatically via IDE save actions
- 39. MAVEN BUILDING BLOCKS LIFECYCLES Maven knowns how a project is cleaned and built. A lifecycle is essentially a pre-defined list of phases to ensure such clean and build processes. PLUGINS The phases by themselves are worthless. We associate plugin goals (implemented by Mojos) to one of the phases.
- 40. CLEAN LIFECYCLE pre-clean pre-clean execute necessary tasks prior to project clean clean clean deletes all files generated during the building process post-clean executes necessary tasks needed after the building process post-clean
- 41. DEFAULT LIFECYCLE generate-sources compile 24 phases omitted the most uncommon process-classes prepare-package package install deploy
- 43. HOW DOES IT WORK? generate-sources ff maven plugin maven-compiler-plugin compile process-classes prepare-package package install deploy
- 44. HOW DOES IT WORK? generate-sources ff maven plugin maven-compiler-plugin compile process-classes prepare-package package install deploy
- 45. HOW DOES IT WORK? generate-sources ff maven plugin maven-compiler-plugin compile process-classes prepare-package maven-jar-plugin package install deploy
- 46. POM (Project Object Model) ✓ Declarative XML file ✓ Identifies your project (groupId, artifactId, version, packaging) ✓ Declares the project dependencies and their scopes ✓ Declares which plugin goals should run on which phase ✓ Declare additional repositories for the dependencies
- 47. REPOSITORIES MAVEN CENTRAL REPOSITORY Contains most of the commonly known Java libraries (e.g. log4j, hibernate, jodatime, etc...) DSI NEXUS REPOSITORY Contains our binaries (e.g. fenix-framework, tools, bennu, workflow, organization, etc...) PROXIED THIRD-PARTY REPOSITORIES Nexus allows us to proxy and cache some other third-party repositories. Good when they’re out-ofservice
- 48. INSTALL VS DEPLOY $ mvn clean install 📁 ~/.m2/repository $ mvn clean deploy ☁ fenix-ashes.ist.utl.pt/nexus