1. Cloning refers to techniques used to produce genetically identical copies of organisms, cells, or DNA fragments. Molecular cloning and cell cloning are used to create copies of DNA or cells, while organism cloning produces identical organisms like Dolly the sheep. 2. Biotechnology uses living organisms or biological processes to develop products and technologies for areas like healthcare, agriculture, and industry. It has applications in medicine like drugs and gene therapy, agriculture like increasing crop yields, and non-food uses like bioplastics. 3. The annual Nobel Prizes recognize cultural and scientific advances and were established by Alfred Nobel in 1895 through endowments to award prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.