Presentation by ASPECT (Autism Spectrum Australia) staff Tom Tutton and Natalie Willis at the 2007 ATSS conference: Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: From Pathway to Therapy.

1. Understanding Autism & Positive Behaviour Support Dr Tom Tutton Natalie Willis [email_address]

3. ASPECT Board Aspect Adults & Behaviour Support CEO Accommodation Services Aspect Young Children & Families Aspect Education & Research Working Aspect Employment Services Community Participation CASS BIS Recipe for Success Central Coast School Hunter School Western Sydney School South Coast School South East Sydney School Vern Barnett School Research Far North Coast Centre for Autism Autism Information Line Building Blocks Early Intervention Diagnostic Assessment Service School Outreach Service Someone to Turn To Adult Outreach & Training

4. ASD: A ‘triad’ of impairments IMPAIRED COMMUNICATION 1 IMPAIRED SOCIAL RELATING 2 REPETITIVE BEHAVIOURS & RESTRICTED INTERESTS 3

8. The Autism Spectrum Profound degree of impairment Mild degree of impairment Communication impairment Impaired social relating Repetitive behaviours and restricted interests

13. Exercise Other Behaviour Social Communication

14. Underlying disabilities

16. Different beliefs will result in a different way you approach and respond to a situation PERSON CAN’T DO V’s PERSON WON’T DO More likely to be constructive & positive More likely to use punishment Perception of the behaviour

18. behaviour Before the behaviour After the behaviour 5 % of energy & expertise 95 % of energy & expertise POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR SUPPORT a proactive approach Behaviour may still occur but it will be weaker

21. Picture Written Structuring Time : Home First / Then board Timers Free Play Transitions ROUTINE

22. PHOTOGRAPHIC SEQUENCE FOR 2 MIN NOODLES Structuring activities : self help

23. Structure physical environment : templates

25.  Rules can assist behaviour management  Rules should be supported visually  Rule following behaviour should be noticed and always be reinforced  Rules need to be limited in number, for everyone & worded in a positive way  Rules may help the person monitor their own behaviour Rules

29. Picture communication Picture Exchange Communication System http://www.pecs.com/

32. behaviour After the behaviour Before the behaviour Antecedent Event = An event that occurs immediately before a challenging behaviour & “triggers” it. Step 1 : Antecedent events Specific Behaviour Management Strategies

33. behaviour Before the behaviour After the behaviour Behaviour may still occur but it will be weaker Consequence Step 2 : Identify Consequences Consequence = what happens after the behaviour that causes the behaviour to increase or reduce

35. Assessment of behaviour A ntecedent B ehaviour C onsequence Importance of collecting information

38. Positive reinforcement : When something follows a behaviour that means the behaviour will happen more in the future because it is perceived positively  How to make the positive replacement behaviour more rewarding Mark goes to the toilet and is immediately given a chocolate teddy Sarah gets dressed for school in time and is given $2 for the school canteen Anthony finishes his high school homework & gets an extra 20 mins computer time at the end of the day + + +

40. Token Economies A token economy is a system in which an individual earns tokens for targeted behaviors. Once he has collected a predetermined number of tokens he can trade them for an item or activity that he desires. Advantages : delayed gratification, increased awareness of own behaviour, more natural way to reinforce behaviour Can be designed to be age appropriate

42. Teaching New skills: Self-Management 8:30 8:15 8:00 7:45 7:30      Joe Mum Joe’s the Boss in the morning 20c  Get into car 20c  Pack school bag  Brush teeth 20c  Have breakfast 20c  Get dressed

44. Questions Thank You