Git primer
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Git maintains three conceptual "trees" - the repo, staging index, and working directory - that track changes to code on a local machine. The repo contains committed changes, the staging index stages changes for commits, and the working directory contains unstaged changes. Basic Git commands like git add move changes from working directory to staging index, git commit moves them to the repo, and git push shares commits with remote servers.
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Git primer
- 1. Avilay Parekh CTO, Co-Founder of Informion, Inc. January 2014
- 2. Learn about git’s three-tree architecture Become familiar with terms like repo, staged index, working directory, and HEAD. Get familiar with basic git commands – git add, git commit, git push
- 3. Kevin Skoglund’s excellent git tutorial on Lynda.com Pro Git Book (http://www.amazon.com/Pro-Experts-Voice-Software- Development/dp/1430218339/)
- 4. Git has three “versions” of source files, all on your local computer. They are referred to as – repo, staging index, working directory
- 5. Your project directory structure is a “tree” Git maintains 3 versions of your project on your local computer – repo, staging index, working directory There aren’t actually 3 physical directory structures Conceptual sections that are stored in the .git directory of your project
- 6. Git clone copies source from a remote git server like bitbucket or github over to local computer At this point, all three trees on the local computer look exactly alike staging working repo $ git clone https://path/to/git github
- 7. All changes you make are in your working directory. staging index working directory repo Change some files in project
- 8. Changes are copied onto the staging index tree. staging index working directory repo $ git add .
- 9. Changes are copied to the repo. All three trees are alike again. Working directory is now clean. staging index working directory repo $ git commit
- 10. Repo is the only tree that maintains a commit history in the form of a linked list like structure Each commit is identified by a GUID Each commit points to the one before it, its parent The last commit is also referenced as HEAD repo fff999 5d6ef1 HEAD
- 11. Git push will copy the contents of the local repo to the remote git server If there are any uncommitted changes they will not be copied over staging working repo $ git push github