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Open Annotation Collaboration Overview

                                                       h"p://www.openannota-on.org/



                                                Robert
Sanderson





–





rsanderson@lanl.gov

                                                











































azaroth42@gmail.com

                                                Herbert
Van
de
Sompel


–



herbertv@lanl.gov

                                                













































hvdsomp@gmail.com


                                                 Digital
Library
Research
and
Prototyping
Team

                                                      Los
Alamos
NaDonal
Laboratory,
USA





               This
research
was
funded
by
the
Andrew
W.
Mellon
FoundaDon.



Acknowledgements:

Tim
Cole,
Anna
Gerber,
Tom
Habing,
Bernhard
Haslhofer,
Jane
Hunter,


         
        
Ray
Larson,
Cliff
Lynch,
Michael
Nelson,
Doug
Reside


                                     Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                         NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Open Annotation Collaboration
•  Project Partners:

    •  Los Alamos National Laboratory
    •  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    •  University of Queensland
    •  University of Maryland
    •  George Mason University

•  Funding: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

•  Discussion Group:
     http://groups.google.com/group/oac-discuss




                            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Current Annotation Systems
•  Repository-centric, with local identifiers
    •  Need to rethink in terms of the Web and global URIs

•  Annotations stuck in silos:
    •  Only consumable in original client/server combination
    •  Can not create cross-system services to merge or enrich

•  Focus on annotation for scholarly purposes
    •  But desire to make the OAC framework more broadly usable
    •  Need tools, communities, integration of scholarly communication
       with other areas of discourse




                               Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                   NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Basic Model
The basic model has three resources:
   •  Annotation   (an RDF document)
   •  Body         (the comment)
   •  Target       (the resource the Body is about)




                            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Basic Model Example




            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Segments of Resources
•  Most annotations are about part of a resource

•  Different segments for different media types:
      •  Text: paragraph, arbitrary span of words
      •  Image: rectangular or arbitrary shaped area
    •  …

•  We introduce a method of constraining resources
    •  Can be applied to either Body or Target resource
    •  Use media-specific fragment URIs
    •  Use W3C Media Fragments URI specification
    •  Introduce an approach for arbitrarily complex segments



                             Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Constraints
•  ConstrainedTarget resource identifies the segment of interest
     •  Normally a UUID URI that cannot be dereferenced
•  Constraint resource describes the segment of interest




                              Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
                  NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Constraint Example




            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Sharing Annotations

•  OAC is designed for publically sharing Annotations
    •  No built in User/Group/Permissions system
    •  Can protect web resources with regular techniques
    •  Scholars want flexible sharing options (class, project, peers…)
    •  Possible marketplace for systems that filter/rank annotations

•  OAC Clients are autonomous
    •  Not an annotation protocol, but a data model plus a publish/
       subscribe mechanism
    •  No reliance on a server to generate annotations




                                Open Annotation Collaboration Overview




                                                                                     9
                    NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Protocol (Annotea)




      publish, subscribe, consume

            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview




                                                                 1
NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Publish/Subscribe (OAC)




publish           subscribe                                       consume

                      Open Annotation Collaboration Overview




                                                                           1
          NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Lessons Learnt

•  Hardest thing is to define the scope of "Annotation"!

•  Requirement for expressiveness in segmentation
    •  URI Fragments are insufficient
    •  Can't merge Identifier and Description
    •  Distrust of quoting passages:
        enough annotations and the entire text is available
    •  Yet equal distrust of character offsets, as the text may change

•  Motivating public rather than private annotations is important
•  Filtering un-interesting public annotations equally important!



                                 Open Annotation Collaboration Overview




                                                                                      1
                     NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
Advantages of OAC for eBooks

•  Already strong and growing community

•  Research and modeling has been both deep and broad
    •  Enables complicated scholarly use cases
    •  Complexity scales up from simple to promote broad adoption

•  Very interested in eBook requirements
    •  Crucial use case for both scholarly and general adoption
    •  Textual constraints not yet standardized, and very important
    •  Lack of network protocol important in offline eBook annotations




                                Open Annotation Collaboration Overview




                                                                                     1
                    NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
http://www.openannotation.org/


            Open Annotation Collaboration Overview
NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011

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NISO/Internet Archive Meeting on Social Bookmarking and Annotation

  • 1. Open Annotation Collaboration Overview h"p://www.openannota-on.org/
 Robert
Sanderson





–





rsanderson@lanl.gov
 











































azaroth42@gmail.com
 Herbert
Van
de
Sompel


–



herbertv@lanl.gov
 













































hvdsomp@gmail.com
 Digital
Library
Research
and
Prototyping
Team
 Los
Alamos
NaDonal
Laboratory,
USA
 This
research
was
funded
by
the
Andrew
W.
Mellon
FoundaDon.


 Acknowledgements:

Tim
Cole,
Anna
Gerber,
Tom
Habing,
Bernhard
Haslhofer,
Jane
Hunter,

 
 
Ray
Larson,
Cliff
Lynch,
Michael
Nelson,
Doug
Reside
 Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 2. Open Annotation Collaboration •  Project Partners: •  Los Alamos National Laboratory •  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign •  University of Queensland •  University of Maryland •  George Mason University •  Funding: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation •  Discussion Group: http://groups.google.com/group/oac-discuss Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 3. Current Annotation Systems •  Repository-centric, with local identifiers •  Need to rethink in terms of the Web and global URIs •  Annotations stuck in silos: •  Only consumable in original client/server combination •  Can not create cross-system services to merge or enrich •  Focus on annotation for scholarly purposes •  But desire to make the OAC framework more broadly usable •  Need tools, communities, integration of scholarly communication with other areas of discourse Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 4. Basic Model The basic model has three resources: •  Annotation (an RDF document) •  Body (the comment) •  Target (the resource the Body is about) Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 5. Basic Model Example Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 6. Segments of Resources •  Most annotations are about part of a resource •  Different segments for different media types: •  Text: paragraph, arbitrary span of words •  Image: rectangular or arbitrary shaped area •  … •  We introduce a method of constraining resources •  Can be applied to either Body or Target resource •  Use media-specific fragment URIs •  Use W3C Media Fragments URI specification •  Introduce an approach for arbitrarily complex segments Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 7. Constraints •  ConstrainedTarget resource identifies the segment of interest •  Normally a UUID URI that cannot be dereferenced •  Constraint resource describes the segment of interest Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 8. Constraint Example Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 9. Sharing Annotations •  OAC is designed for publically sharing Annotations •  No built in User/Group/Permissions system •  Can protect web resources with regular techniques •  Scholars want flexible sharing options (class, project, peers…) •  Possible marketplace for systems that filter/rank annotations •  OAC Clients are autonomous •  Not an annotation protocol, but a data model plus a publish/ subscribe mechanism •  No reliance on a server to generate annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 9 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 10. Protocol (Annotea) publish, subscribe, consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 11. Publish/Subscribe (OAC) publish subscribe consume Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 12. Lessons Learnt •  Hardest thing is to define the scope of "Annotation"! •  Requirement for expressiveness in segmentation •  URI Fragments are insufficient •  Can't merge Identifier and Description •  Distrust of quoting passages: enough annotations and the entire text is available •  Yet equal distrust of character offsets, as the text may change •  Motivating public rather than private annotations is important •  Filtering un-interesting public annotations equally important! Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 13. Advantages of OAC for eBooks •  Already strong and growing community •  Research and modeling has been both deep and broad •  Enables complicated scholarly use cases •  Complexity scales up from simple to promote broad adoption •  Very interested in eBook requirements •  Crucial use case for both scholarly and general adoption •  Textual constraints not yet standardized, and very important •  Lack of network protocol important in offline eBook annotations Open Annotation Collaboration Overview 1 NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011
  • 14. http://www.openannotation.org/ Open Annotation Collaboration Overview NISO/IA Bookmarking and Annotation Meeting, NYC, 26th May 2011