1. Course : Research Writing and Publish I Presenter: Chi-Ying Betty Hu Date : 2008/10/20 Academic Culture in Distance between Penn State Taiwanese Graduate Students and American Teachers: Case Study

4. Introduction A situation of cultural obstacles between ESL/EFL students and their native teachers in the academic setting The differences could result in different educational developments and outcomes

5. The differences could result in different educational developments and outcomes The USA classroom Native English-speaking Teachers ESL/EFL academic learners

6. Research questions The expectation/belief of learning and teaching The perceived difference between their expectation The adjustment for the differences Q3 . How Q2. What Q1. What Eight Penn State Taiwanese graduate students

7. Methodology Participants 2 2 2 2 Working experience more than one year at Penn State Working experience less than one year at Penn State Woman Man

9. Methodology 1. Organizing the data Data Analysis Method- 2. Generating categories, themes and patterns 3. Coding the data

10. Methodology 4. Testing emergent understandings Data Analysis Method- 5. Searching for alternative explanations 6. Writing the report

11. A. Academic Cultural Distance between Taiwan and USA Results and Discussions Authority in Knowledge Learner Autonomy The power issue The face issue Group Harmony

12. A. Academic Cultural Distance between Taiwan and USA B. The Problems Taiwanese Students Encountered at Penn State English Proficiency Results and Discussions

13. Results and Discussions A. Academic Cultural Distance betweenTaiwan/USA teacher-centered uncritical critical student-centered Authoritative & serious Easygoing & encouraging active involvement pasive participant rarely asking questions frequently asking questions Interaction Participation Atmosphere Thinking Role USA Taiwan