Detailed powerpoint presentation of the basic principles, descriptions and applications of geosynthetic products in the alberta market.

1. Geosynthetics 101

2. Geosynthetics….. Geosyntheticsis the catch all term used to describe a range of generally synthetic products used to solve geotechnical problems or as system with natural earth materials. The term is generally regarded to encompass five main products: geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes and geocomposites Erosion and Sediment Control MSE (Mechanically Stabilized Earth) Walls

3. Why Do We Use Geosynthetics? Geosynthetics are environmentally friendly. Save on gravel costs, fuel costs, machine time and costs over conventional construction methods. Geosynthetics save money. Reduced labor costs lead to reduced construction times and costs. The use of geosynthetics in applications results in increased life cycles, traffic benefit ratios (for roads) which have long term economic benefits (reduced rutting, reinforced roads, etc.).

4. Roles of Geosynthetics…

6. Filtration,

7. Reinforcement,

8. Drainage,

9. ContainmentDifferent geosynthetics are suited to the various applications, as illustrated here.

10. Some of the typical uses of Geosynthetics in Applications are shown here.

11. Industries Served Oil and Gas Industrial / Mining Municipal / Transportation Landscape / Irrigation Forestry Many others……..

12. Products Geotextiles Geogrid Erosion and Sediment Control Geomembranes Retaining Wall systems

13. QUESTIONS?? On what geosynthetics are?

14. Geotextiles…. Geotextile Applications - Woven Separation Stabilization Reinforcement Erosion Control

15. Woven Geotextiles

16. Uses of Woven Geotextiles Separation application roadbuilding (general use) paved and unpaved infrastructure Reinforcement roadbuilding - paved and unpaved High surface loads i.e.. Parking lots, runways

17. Uses of Woven Geotextiles Sediment Control application silt fences CB inlet devices

18. Geotextile…. Geotextiles Applications - NonWoven Sub-surface drainage Separation Stabilization Erosion Control Geomembrane Protection

19. Non Woven Geotextiles

20. Uses of Non-Woven Geotextiles Non-wovens drainage application french drains, pipe sock MSE walls separation application roadbuilding (specific conditions) parking lots (specific conditions) remediation projects weed barrier

21. Uses of Non-Woven Geotextiles Non-woven (cont’d) erosion control application Bridge abutments underlay for hard armor EC i.e.. Rip Rap protective underlay application installed above and/or below geomembranes in landfills, lagoons, SW ponds, etc.

22. Typical French Drain Application

23. QUESTIONS?? About Woven or NonWoven Geotextiles??

24. Geogrids…… Geogrids: These are discernibly stiffer than geotextiles and have relatively large voids within the material. Methods of production vary but include extrusion, bonding or interlacing. They can be produced from nearly all polymeric materials.

25. Types of Geogrids Geogrids are rated based on properties. Biaxial – strength in two directions Uniaxial – strength in one direction -

26. Biaxial vs. Uniaxial Biaxial – strength in two directions or axes. Typically for point load applications. Uniaxial – strength in one direction (axes), typically in reinforced earth applications.

27. QUESTIONS?? About Geogrids?

28. Erosion and Sediment Control Blankets, TRM’s, silt fence, CB doughnuts and others Roadside slopes, Interchanges, drainage channels, landfills, and landscaping Commonly used b/c of increasing regulations

29. Uses and types of Erosion and Sediment Control Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECP) Erosion Control Blankets (ECB) they have different designs for use on different slopes and conditions they hold top soil in place and accelerate vegetative growth they help the natural process of erosion control take place after we disturb it

30. Rolled Erosion Control (ECB’s)

31. Uses and types of Erosion and Sediment Control Turf Reinforcement Mats (TRM’s) subsurface application that supports the vegetation’s root system used in medium to heavy runoff/discharge slopes and channels used when the natural vegetation limits are NOT exceeded

32. Uses and types of Erosion and Sediment Control High Performance TRM’s (HPTRM’s) subsurface application - slopes and channels with high flow/discharge used when natural vegetation limits can not support the system can and will replace hard armor systems at enormous cost savings

33. Uses and types of Erosion and Sediment Control Sediment control control soils that have already been displaced catch basin inlet devices (doughnuts and backers) silt fence straw wattles turbidity curtains

34. Silt Fence Installation

35. QUESTIONS?? About Erosion and Sediment Control?

36. Reinforced Earth Applications Part I

37. REINFORCED EARTH APPLICATIONS Retaining walls are most common application Fundamental design theory, reinforced earth is independent of facing systems that are used (Lock Block, Keystone™, Allan Block™, Pisa Stone™, etc. etc.)

38. Reinforced Soil Mass

39. Cost of SRW (Segmented Retaining Wall) Comparison Cost comparison of segmental retaining walls is lower when compared with other leading type of wall systems.

40. Keystone Wall Project Application: High Point, Kelowna PET UX geogrids, with Keystone™SRW facing Wall heights of up to 38 feet Kelowna, BC 6”- coarse blast rock backfill

41. Keystone Wall Project - Cont’d Durability Testing was carried out specifically for this type of backfill. Test results showed that installation damage reduction factors for these grids was far belowindustry standards for polyester grids.

42. QUESTIONS?? On retaining walls?

43. Part II Soft Soil Conditions Roads & Highways Base Reinforcement

44. SOFT or POOR SOIL conditions Roles are predominantly reinforcement, separation or drainage – roads, building foundations, pile cap reinforcements Typical specifications are woven geotextile or biaxial grids in these applications Can be used to reduce costs significantly in resource road applications where granular or solid material is at a premium Base Reinforcement Applications

45. Foundation conditions in a marine silt. Both Geotextiles and Geogrids are used in this application in a composite application.

46. Roads Applications

48. Arterial Road Reconstruction,

49. New Brunswick, Canada

51. Geogrid Illustration

52. Stabilization Through Separation Without Geotextiles With Geotextiles Typically woven geotextile would be used, but some specific applications would use non woven geotextile.

53. QUESTIONS?? About stabilization or reinforcement?

54. Part III Uses and Roles of Geotextiles Non Woven and Woven

57. Geotextiles used to reinforce slope, -filtration allows water to pass through the textile while the soils remain on the slope.

58. Applications for Reinforcement Nilex

59. Geotextiles used as a flitration layer between Atlantis™ stormwater systems. – allows water to pass through the system and restrains soil from passing.

60. Applications Textiles are universal in almost every construction project where water/soil separation is an issue. Our textiles come in various grades and strengths, to suit all construction needs and meet or drive competitive specifications.

61. QUESTIONS?? On applications for woven or nonwoven geotextiles?

62. Part IV - Containment Uses and Roles of Liners and Containment Systems

63. Containment…. Environmental Applications Oil Fuel Storage Water storage Fertilizers storage Chemical Storage Mine tailings Municipal Waste Applications

64. Types of Liners High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Membranes Low Linear Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCL) Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymner (EDPM) Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)

65. HDPE Liners Comes in varying thicknesses, from 0.5 to 3.5 mm (20 to 200mils). Can be smooth or textured finish. Rigid application, site preparation is a concern Typical HDPE applications include: agricultural lagoons, storm water ponds, chemical and industrial ponds, sewage lagoons, storage ponds and landfill caps.

66. HDPE Project PolyFlex 60mil HDPE smooth/Textured liner Tailings pond (contaminated gypsum) RedWater, AB 340,000 m2

67. HDPE Project - Cont’d

68. LLDPE Liners LLDPE is a more flexible version of HDPE that can be prefabricated into large panels. greater flexibility than HDPE Suitable where differential or localized subgrade settlements are expected leach ponds, landfill closure caps or any application where elongation or puncture resistance is critical.

69. LLDPE Project PolyFlex 40mil LLDPE textured liner Clean Water Containment Strathmore, AB 69,000 sft

70. LLDPE Project - Cont’d

71. GCL Liners GCLs are manufactured liners consisting of bentonite clays encased between layers of geotextile, providing an engineered alternative to a compacted clay liner (CCL). excellent sealing properties and unique self sealing attributes, reducing risk of failure due to adverse field and operating conditions. Most GCL projects can be installed using conventional equipment, and regular construction personnel. Landfill Liners Ponds and Lagoons Canals Storage Tanks/Secondary Containment

72. GCL Project

74. Water Reservoir application

75. Vernon, BC

77. Geocomposites Poly Flex Used in containment construction as collection or drainage Can be built as geonet, single sided composite, or double sided composite with any thickness of nonwoven geotextile

78. QUESTIONS?? On liners?

79. Summary Geosynthetics is a rapidly evolving field, with new uses being found every day. As the cost of labor increases, geosynthetics becomes a more viable alternative to conventional construction methods. Geosynthetics have many advantages to the environment.

80. Environmental Benefits Better utilization of resources over conventional construction – aggregate… asphalt...steel…fuels...labor Less disturbance to the earth Longer design lives Making things possible that were not before (IE – muskeg road applications) Cost savings – all applications.

81. Solutions... We are a solutions based provider. We provide project or customer -based solutions, using geosynthetics, and are available to assist at whatever level is required using the resources available to us.

82. QUESTIONS?? Thank You for your time!!