1. BIOL 2064: Anatomy & Physiology 1 Chapter 11 Edited by Brenda Holmes MSN/Ed, RN Associate Professor South Arkansas Community College

2. Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology Twelfth Edition Shier  Butler  Lewis Chapter 11 Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

5. Meninges of the Spinal Cord Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Spinal cord Spinal cord Pia mater Arachnoid mater Dura mater Dorsal root Dorsal root Spinal nerve Epidural space (a) (b) Ventral root Dorsal root ganglion Thoracic vertebra Spinal nerve Dorsal root ganglion Subarachnoid space Dorsal branch (dorsal ramus) Ventral branch (ventral ramus) Ventral root Epidural space Body of vertebra

8. 11.1 Clinical Application Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure

10. Structure of the Spinal Cord Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. White matter Gray matter Lateral funiculus Posterior funiculus Gray commissure Central canal (a) Posterior horn Dorsal root of spinal nerve Dorsal root ganglion Ventral root of spinal nerve Anterior horn Anterior median fissure Portion of spinal nerve Anterior funiculus Posterior median sulcus

13. Reflex Arcs

14. General Components of a Spinal Reflex Receptor Sensory neuron Motor neuron White matter Gray matter Spinal cord Dorsal Interneuron 4 5 3 2 1 (b) Cell body of sensory neuron Effector (muscle or gland) Central canal Ventral I m p u l s e Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

18. 11.2 Clinical Application Uses of Reflexes

22. Nerve Tracts of the Spinal Cord

23. 11.3 Clinical Application Spinal Cord Injuries

25. The Brain Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Cerebrum Diencephalon Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Spinal cord Cerebellum Fornix (b) Skull Meninges Cerebrum Diencephalon Brainstem (a) Sulcus Gyrus Fornix Cerebellum Spinal cord Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Corpus callosum Corpus callosum Transverse fissure b: © Martin M. Rotker/Photo Researchers, Inc.

27. Brain Development

32. Functions of the Cerebral Lobes

34. Sensory Areas Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Parietal lobe Sensory area Central sulcus Motor area Frontal lobe Swallowing Forearm Arm Pelvis Thigh Leg Lips Forearm Arm Neck Pelvis Thigh Leg Genitals (a) Motor area (b) Sensory area Longitudinal fissure Salivation Vocalization Mastication Facial expression Thumb, fingers, and hand Trunk Foot and toes Tongue and pharynx Teeth and gums Upper face Hand, fingers, and thumb Trunk Foot and toes Longitudinal fissure

38. Motor Areas Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Parietal lobe Sensory area Central sulcus Motor area Frontal lobe Swallowing Forearm Arm Pelvis Thigh Leg Lips Forearm Arm Neck Pelvis Thigh Leg Genitals (a) Motor area (b) Sensory area Longitudinal fissure Salivation Vocalization Mastication Facial expression Thumb, fingers, and hand Trunk Foot and toes Tongue and pharynx Teeth and gums Upper face Hand, fingers, and thumb Trunk Foot and toes Longitudinal fissure

41. 11.4 Clinical Application Traumatic Brain Injury

46. 11.5 Clinical Application Parkinson Disease

54. Major Parts of the Brain

55. 11.6 Clinical Application Brain Waves

57. Nervous System Subdivisions

58. Structure of a Peripheral Nerve Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Peripheral nerve Epineurium Axon Neurilemma Myelin sheath Schwann cell Node of Ranvier Endoneurium Perineurium Fascicle Sensory receptor Motor neuron ending

62. Cranial Nerves Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Olfactory bulb Hypoglossal (XII) Optic tract Olfactory tract Olfactory (I) Optic (II) Oculomotor (III) Abducens (VI) Facial (VII) Glossopharyngeal (IX) Accessory (XI) Trochlear (IV) Trigeminal (V) Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Vagus (X)

71. Functions of Cranial Nerves

79. Plexuses C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 S2 S3 S4 S5 Co Posterior view Cervical plexus (C1–C4) Lumbosacral plexus (T12–S5) Sciatic nerve Brachial plexus (C5–T1) Obturator nerve Phrenic nerve Ulnar nerve Median nerve Radial nerve Axillary nerve T7 S1 Cauda equina Musculocutaneous nerve Femoral nerve Intercostal nerves Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

80. 11.7 Clinical Application Spinal Nerve Injuries

85. Sympathetic Division Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Lacrimal gland Skin Eye Blood vessels Heart Lungs Adrenal gland Kidney Uterus Penis Liver Stomach Gallbladder Pancreas Ovary Scrotum Small intestine Large intestine Trachea Parotid gland, submandibular and sublingual glands Urinary bladder Preganglionic neuron Postganglionic neuron Sympathetic chain ganglia Inferior mesenteric ganglion Spinal cord Superior mesenteric ganglion Celiac ganglion Fibers to skin, blood vessels, and adipose tissue Celiac and pulmonary plexuses

87. Parasympathetic Division Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Heart Trachea Lung Gallbladder Liver Stomach Spleen Pancreas Small intestine Large intestine Kidney Uterus Scrotum Otic ganglion Ciliary ganglion Eye Penis Ovary Sphenopalatine ganglion Cranial nerve III Cranial nerve VII Submandibular ganglion Cranial nerve IX Cranial nerve X (Vagus) Cardiac and pulmonary plexuses Celiac plexus Superior hypogastric plexus Inferior hypogastric plexus Spinal cord Pelvic nerves Urinary bladder Parotid gland Submandibular and sublingual glands Lacrimal gland Preganglionic neuron Postganglionic neuron

95. Quiz 11 Complete Quiz 11 now! Read Chapter 12.