OCD Spectrum Disorders
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The document discusses Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Hypochondriasis. It compares the two disorders and outlines their key characteristics, including prevalence, demographics, comorbidities, and treatments. BDD involves a preoccupation with an imagined or slight defect in appearance. Hypochondriasis involves a preoccupation with fears of having a serious illness despite medical reassurance. Both disorders share similarities with OCD but also have distinct features and impacts on quality of life. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an appropriate treatment approach for both.
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OCD Spectrum Disorders
- 1. Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Hypochondriasis, Hoarding, and other OCD Spectrum Disorders; Comparing and Contrasting Treatments with OCD Fugen Neziroglu Ph.D., ABBP, ABPP Bio-Behavioral Institute Great Neck, NY www.biobehavioralinstitute.com
- 3. Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- 10. Percentage of People with Body Image Dissatisfaction Phillips (1996)
- 16. How Do All These Aspects Interrelate? Based on genetically and/or ethologically transmitted need for symmetry or aestheticism, maladaptive beliefs and values are learned which influences information processing and perception.
- 36. Symptom Severity in OCD & BDD Y-BOCS obsessions Y-BOCS compulsions OCD (n=61) M = 12.9 Severe BDD (n=53) M = 12.8 Severe OCD (n=61) M = 11.2 Severe BDD (n=53) M = 12.0 Severe
- 40. Frequency and Percentage of Abuse in BDD and OCD Abuse Type BDD (N=50) OCD (N=50) Any Abuse 19 (38%) 7 (14%) Sexual 11 (22%) 3 (6%) Physical 7 (14%) 4 (8%) Emotional 14 (28%) 1 (2%) Neziroglu F, Khemlani-Patel, S & Yaryura-Tobias. (2006). Body Image 3: 189-193
- 43. CBT Working Model Operant Conditioning Biological Predisposition Operant Conditioning Social Learning + CS UCS CR UCR Information Processing Bias Classical/Evaluative Conditioning Body Dysmorphic Disorder Neziroglu et al. (2004), Psychiatr Ann 34(12):915-920
- 50. CBT Working Model (Cont.) Operant Conditioning Biological Predisposition Operant Conditioning Social Learning + Body Dysmorphic Disorder Neziroglu et al. (2004), Psychiatr Ann 34(12):915-920 CS UCS CR UCR Information Processing Bias Classical Conditioning
- 57. Pie Chart of Values Artistic Achievement 30% Attractiveness 20% Family 15% Friendship 15% Money 10% Education 10% Neziroglu F, Khemlani-Patel S
- 71. OCD and HC Anxiety and Depression Scales
- 72. OCD and HC Obsessions and Compulsions DS-Disorder Specific
- 73. OCD and HC Body Sensations and Mobility p<.05;**p<.01
- 126. Before Intervention: The Kitchen
- 127. Before Intervention: The Kitchen
- 128. Before Intervention: The Kitchen
- 129. After Intervention: The Kitchen
- 130. Before Intervention: The Living Room
- 131. Before Intervention: The Living Room
- 132. After Intervention: The Living Room
- 133. Before Intervention: The Guest Room
- 134. Before Intervention: The Guest Room
- 135. Before Intervention: The Living Room
- 136. After Intervention: The Guest Room
Notas del editor
- Hollander D (1993): Introduction. In: Hollander E, editor. Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1-16 Hollander E, Neville D, Frenkel M, et al: Body dysmorphic disorder: diagnostic issues and related disorders. Psychosomatics 33: 156-165, 1992 Bienvenu OJ, Samuels JF, Riddle MA , et al. The relationship of obsessive-compulsive disorder to possible spectrum disorders: results from a family study. Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Aug 15;48(4):287-93 Implications: many of same strategies, both for primary treatments and augmentation
- Classical Conditioning:Acquisition of BDD CS UCS UCR Body part abuse disgust teasing anxiety acne shame puberty depression
- Be aware of the agenda / goals of patient have they been sent by cosmetic surgeon or relative shut them up. Make the diagnosis - don’t say imagined defect- we try to give an alternative explanation for their symptoms with the CBT model. We emphasise the the role of selective attention and impossible ideals If depressed start on SSRI??