1. XXI Century Disease

2. “The essential feature of Acute
Stress Disorder is the development
of characteristic anxiety,
dissociative, and other symptoms
that occurs within 1 month after
exposure to an extreme traumatic
stressor"

3.  Headaches affect millions of Americans. The
three most common types of chronic headache
are migraines, cluster headaches, and tension
headaches. Each comes with its own telltale
brand of pain.
 Migraines are characterized by throbbing pain
and sometimes by other symptoms, such as
nausea and visual disturbances. Migraines are
more frequent in women than men. Stress can
trigger a migraine headache, and migraines
can also put the sufferer at risk for stroke.

4.  Cluster headaches are characterized by
excruciating, piercing pain on one side of
the head; they occur more frequently in
men than women.
 Tension headaches are often described as
a tight band around the head.

5.  are even more common, affecting about 40% of the
population. People with mixed tension migraine
have features of both types of headaches and it is
difficult to differentiate which symptoms are
migrainous and which are tension related. Women
are more commonly afflicted than men.
 Common triggers for these headaches are hormonal
changes, dietary factors, environmental factors,
sensory stimuli, and stress. Examples include too
much or too little sleep; missed or delayed meals;
menstruation; alcohol; food and food additives;
chemical and drug ingestion and withdrawal; light
glare; and odors.

6.  is the rapid development of myocardial
necrosis caused by a critical imbalance
between oxygen supply and demand of the
myocardium. This usually results from plaque
rupture with thrombus formation in a
coronary vessel, resulting in an acute
reduction of blood supply to a portion of the
myocardium.

7.  Stress gastritis is swelling (inflammation) and weakening of
the stomach lining.
 Alternative Names:
 Stress ulcer
 Causes, incidence, and risk factors
 Stress gastritis may occur after:
 Burns
 Severe illness
 Shock
 Trauma
 The risk of stress gastritis and ulcers is highest in patients
who are using a breathing machine in an intensive care
unit

8.  An ulcer is an open sore, or lesion, usually found
on the skin or mucous membrane areas of the
body.
 An ulcer in the lining of the stomach or
duodenum, where hydrochloric acid and pepsin
are present, is referred to as a peptic ulcer.
 When the ulcer is in the stomach, it is called a
gastric ulcer.
 When the ulcer is in the duodenum, it is called a
duodenal ulcer.

9.  What causes gastric and duodenal ulcers?
 In the past it was believed lifestyle factors, such as
stress and diet caused ulcers. Later, researchers
determined that stomach acids -- hydrochloric acid
and pepsin -- contributed to ulcer formation.
 Today, research shows that most ulcers (80 percent of
gastric ulcers and 90 percent of duodenal ulcers)
develop as a result of infection with a bacterium
called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
 It is believed that, although all three of these factors
-- lifestyle, acid and pepsin, and H. pylori -- play a
role in ulcer development, H. pylori is considered to
be the primary cause.