4. ASHIPU
Also accounted as
“sorcerer” or exorcist.
Diagnose the ailment, this
meant which god or
demon was causing the
illness.
Attempt to cure the patient
by means of charms and
spells that were designed
to drive out the spirit
causing the disease.
5. ASU
Also accounted as
“physician“
Dealt with empirical
applications of medication.
For example, when treating
wounds the asu generally
relied on washing,
bandaging, and making
plasters (a mixture of
medicinal ingredients
applied to a wound and
held on by a bandage)
6. • Medications were
ground and filtered
for ointments or
plasters to spread on
a piece of thin leather
to apply.
• Prescriptions
specified enemas,
laxatives, ointments,,
pills, powders, and
suppositories.
7. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION IN EGYPT
8. ADVENT OF EGYPTIAN MEDICINE
“ In Egypt men are more skilled in medicine than any
of mankind”
The Badarian age (4000 B.C)-beginning of medicine
in Egypt
• Use of malachite for parasitic eye disease
9. CONCEPTS OF ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
Understanding of gross
anatomy and physiology
-Mummification
-Autopsies of
mummies
-Dissection of animals
10. IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF ANCIENT
EGYPTIAN MEDICINE:
-Concepts of Anatomy and
Physiology
-Magic in Egyptian medicine
-The Holistic Healers
-Pattern of Disease in Egypt
-The Surgeons Role
-Drugs for Therapy
11. MAGIC AND MEDICINE IN EGYPT
Integration of
magic in medicine
Amulets
Gods of
medicine
and healing
19. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION IN
LATINAMERICA
20. RURAL MEDICINE
Latin American rural medicine is
based on folk healing
developed from indigenous
beliefs and behaviors specific to
certain cultural groups and
settings.
21. SCIENTIFIC MEDICINE
While "scientific" medicine is based on the
theory of natural causation, many religious
and ethnic populations link magical or
supernatural intervention to the cause of an
illness. Ailments are grouped by:
-Natural causes
-Mystical causes
-Supernatural causes
-Magical causes
22. NATURAL CAUSES
- Injuries, physical
decline, stress and
virus/germs
resulting in
physiological
changes which are
scientifically
unchallenged.
26. EXAMPLES
Natural folk diseases such as
"empacho," meaning intestinal
distress; Mystical folk diseases such as
"mal de oje," meaning evil eye, or
"susto," defined as a lost soul;
and Magical folk diseases of "mal
puesto," or "embujo," defined as hexing
and witchcraft.
27. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION IN
ANCIENT ROME
28. • Maby years ago, the Romans invaded
Greece and paid little attention to their
medical treatment and Greek doctors such
as Hippocrates.
• Hippocrates was considered the father of
modern medicine.
SHORT HISTORY OF ROMAN
MEDICINE
29. • He created to the concept of medicine in a
different field of science away from the
approach of philosophy and myth.
• The Romans relied on home-made
medicines that had been used in households
for generations.
HIPPOCRATES
30. HERBAL MEDICINES
Herbal medicine
were one of the ways
they tried to cure
illnesses. (e.g.
mustard seeds were
good for the stomach
aches and nettle tea
for rheumatism.)
31. ROMAN MEDICAL TOOLS
• The Romans made
advance in surgery and
mainly because it fix their
practical needs.
• The Roman Empire was
based on conquering
land with their highly
effective army so getting
their injured soldier out
fighting was the goal.
36. ASCLEPIUS
• Asclepius is the Greek
god of healing and
was the only the
Greek gods the
Romans prayed to.
• His symbol is twin
snakes winding
around a staff
•
37. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION AND
DENTISTRY IN INDIA
38. ANCIENT SURGERIES
Ancient India saw
great advancements
in medical science.
Some of these fields
were dental surgery,
and plastic surgery.
39. MEDICAL PRACTICES
• Around 800 B.C the first instances of
surgery were recorded. It was
considered as one of the eight branches
of Ayurveda.
• Ayurveda or Ayurvedic medicine –
is a system of Hindu traditional medicine
and is a form of alternative medicine.
41. CHARAKA 300 B.C.
- Father of Medicine.
- His renowned work,
the “Charak Samhita“,
is considered as an
encyclopedia
of Ayurveda.
42. SHUSRUTA
- Father of plastic
surgery,
- excelled in
ophthalmology
(removing
cataracts) and
restoration of
mutilated nose or
rhinoplasty.
43. CATARACT SURGERY
Cataract surgery: Cataract
surgery was known to the Indian
physician Sushruta (6th century
BCE). In India, cataract surgery
was performed with a special
tool called the Jabamukhi
Salaka, a curved needle used to
loosen the lens and push the
cataract out of the field of vision,
the eye would later be soaked
with warm butter and then
bandaged.
44. ANCIENT MEDICINE IN INDIA
AYUR-VEDA is the
oldest existing
medical system,
having its heritage in
ancient India. It is
recognized by the
World Health
Organization and is
still widely practiced.
45. HYGIENE
Hygiene is an Indian cultural value
and a central practice of ayurvedic
medicine. Hygienic living involves
regular bathing, cleansing of teeth,
skin the body with oil is also pre-
care, and eye washing. Occasional
anointing of scribed.
46. Over the following centuries, ayurvedic practitioners
developed a number of medicinal preparations and
surgical procedures for the treatment of various ailments
Hundreds of plant-based
medicines are used in
ayurvedic medicine—
including cardamom and
cinnamon
Sesame and sunflower oil are
used in ayurvedic medicine.
Both contain linoleate in
triglyceride form and may have
antineoplastic properties.
47. DENTISTRY
The first society to
use dental bridges
and appliances
were the Etruscans,
starting around 700
BC.
The image shows a similar dental bridge
created by the Egyptians that uses gold
wires to hold the teeth together
48. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION IN CHINA
49. STYLES OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE
MEDICINE
Acupuncture – Placing needles into the skin to
let out negative energy.
Herbalism – Mixing different kinds of herbs to
make medicine that will cure diseases.
Massage Therapy – A specialized massage
process that involves alleviating pain and
neutralizing other health problems.
50. Notable Figures
Li Shizhen (李时珍 )
Li Shizhen was one of China’s
greatest physicians and
pharmacologists, best known for
writing Bencao Gangmu (本草纲
目 ), a large compendium of the
medicinal uses and properties of
over 1000 types of herbs.
Bencao Gangmu (本
草纲目 )
51. Hua Tuo (华陀)
Hua Tuo was a famous
ancient Chinese physician
and the first person in
China recorded to have
used anesthesia during
surgery.
He was also known for his
ability to diagnose
miscarriages by simply
feeling a woman’s pulse.
52. HERBALISM
Medicines made from herbs have
a strong scent and can cure
disease like any other form of
medicines. They may have an
unusual taste, but the outcome of
taking these medicines is often
satisfying. Some herbalists make
herb medicine that are for the skin;
these mixtures are used to heal
cracks and bruises and alleviate
pain. Many traditional Chinese
soups also contain herbs.
53. MASSAGE THERAPY
There are four main stages of
healing through massage:
Relief
Correction
Strengthening
Maintenance
54. RELIEF
The first few sessions of
massages are
concentrated on relieving
pain, reducing muscle
tension, and relaxing
stressed nerves. All these
steps are preparation for
further stages of
massages. The relief
stage mainly aims for
55. CORRECTION
Once the pain is gone, the
therapist will work on the
problem that caused the pain.
This stage is important
because if action is done
before the pain subsides,
then the patient being
massaged might feel even
more pain. The techniques
used here is stimulating the
lymphatic system and
freeing knotted and scarred
muscle fibers, thus
56. STRENGTHENING
Strengthening is important in
the reparation of a badly
damaged area; weakness at
the injury site can cause the
same problem to occur again.
The techniques used in this
stage strengthen the tissues
near the injury area, enabling
them to provide proper
structure and support when
the injury is healed. This will
also serves to reduce the
chances of getting the same
problem or disease again.
57. MAINTENANCE
Maintenance is the final
stage in healing and the
first step in preventing
other injuries from
affecting the person
being massaged. The
aim of this stage is to
prevent the same
disease from occurring
again and prevent the
occurrence of new
problems/symptoms in
the afflicted area.
58. Acupuncture
Acupuncture is one of the main forms of
treatment found in traditional Chinese
medicine; a technique that has been
practiced for thousands of years.
Acupuncture involves the use of sharp,
thin needles that are inserted in the body
at very specific points. These points are
usually the places from which the pain
comes from. Acupuncture may sometimes
be used to relax muscle tension and
reduce stress. This process is believed to
adjust the body’s energy flow into
healthier patterns and become better
balanced. It is used to cure a variety of
diseases, illnesses, and heal conditions.
59. ACUPUNCTURE
Acupuncture has been proven to be
an effective treatment for over 40
medical problems, including allergies,
respiration conditions, disorders of
the eyes, nose, throat, and childhood
illnesses. Acupuncture could also be
an effective and inexpensive
treatment for headaches and chronic
pain, such as common tooth aches.
Acupuncture can reduce pain in
certain illness; it could really be
useful for diseases that aren’t known
60. ACUPUNCTURE
Acupuncture is used by many people all
over the world; it is well known and
inexpensive. Most doctors will recommend
their patients to get an acupuncture
treatment in a clean hospital or clinic. Like
other traditional Chinese medicine,
acupuncture also reduces the symptoms
of health problems and diseases. The logic
behind acupuncture has kept it valid form
of medication for thousands of years and
many more generations to come.
61. B Y R A U L A L B E R T D O L O R
MEDICATION IN CHINA