5. *Milstein & Kohler in 1975
*Hybridoma
*Antibody-forming cells fused to immortal plasmacytoma
cells
*Hybrid cells that are stable and produce the required
antibody can be subcloned for mass culture for antibody
production
7. Antilymphocyte (ALG) and
antithymocyte (ATG) globulins
* Obtained from the serum of animals
* Steroid-resistant
acute rejection reaction and grave aplastic anemia
treatment, delayed hypersensitivity and the graft-versus-host disease
(GVHD)
* As an adjuvant in ciclosporin therapy
* Inhibit T lymphocytes and cause their lysis:
* Complement-mediated cytolysis
* Cell-mediated opsonization followed by removal of reticuloendothelial cells
from the circulation in the spleen and liver
8. *There are two preparations available to the market:
* Atgam ,obtained from horse serum
* Thymoglobuline obtained from rabbit serum
*High immunogenicity, acute reaction to the
treatment, fever and even anaphylaxis (type III)
10. * Rh0(D) IgG
* Mother Rh- and fetus Rh+
* Labor, abortion or ectopic pregnancy (sensitization)
* Next pregnancy: Erythroblastosis (heamolytic)
* Rho Ab injection to mother 24-72 hrs after the labor of a
Rh+ newborn
14. * Humanization
* Fc
* Murine
* -onab
* Humanized
* -umab or -zumab
* Chimeric
* -imab or -ximab
* Recombinant Pr attached to Abs
* -cept
17. * Murine anti-CD3
* Prevents T-cell activation and proliferation
* One of the most potent immunosuppressive substances
* To control the steroid- and/or polyclonal antibodies-resistant acute
rejection episodes
* Also used prophylactically in transplantations
* Inthe first few administrations this binding non-specifically activates
T-cells, leading to a serious syndrome 30 to 60 minutes later. It is
characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and arthralgia.
18. *A recombinant Pr that attached to Fc part of
human IgG1
*Binds to CD2 on T cells
*Psoriasis
19. *Humanized antibody
*Binds to CD11a (α part of LFA-1) on T cells
*Prevents the interaction between LFA-1 and ICAM-1
on APCs
*Severe Psoriasis
29. *A recombinant Pr that attached to Fc part of
human IgG
*Binds to CD80 or CD86 on APCs
*Inhibition of contact to CD28 on T cells
*Rheumatoid arthritis
30. *Humanized Ab against IgE
*Prevents IgE attachment to Fc receptors on basophils
and mast cells
*Prevents resealing of type I allergic mediators