27. URIs / IRIs
URIs are “Uniform Resource Identifiers”
– IRI: Unicode-based “Internationalized Resource Identifiers”
Every URI identifies one entity
Semantic Web URIs usually use HTTP
– HyperText Transfer Protocol
– Can be resolved to get more data (ideally)
– Linked data
QName as abbreviation (Qualified Name)
Namespace Domain Local name
Protocol
http://semanticweb.org/id/Denny_Vrandecic
thing:Denny_Vrandecic
Prefix
28. Angola Africa
Continent
Country
Zambia
type
28
29. Africa
Angola
Located in
http://ontoworld.org/id/Africa
http://ontoworld.org/id/Angola
Borders
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Continent
Continent
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Country
Country
http://ontoworld.org/id/Zambia
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22/rdf-syntax-ns#type
Zambia http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label 29
33. RDF
A set of triples
Triples are Subject, Predicate, Object
Subjects and Predicates are URIs
Objects are URIs or Literals
– Literals are concrete data values
– e.g. the integer 27 or the date Dec 1, 2008
Slide 33
34. Africa
Angola
Located in
http://ontoworld.org/id/Africa
http://ontoworld.org/id/Angola
Borders
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Continent
Continent
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Country
Country
http://ontoworld.org/id/Zambia
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22/rdf-syntax-ns#type
Zambia http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label 34
36. RDF
A set of triples
Triples are Subject, Predicate, Object
Subjects and Predicates are URIs
Objects are URIs or Literals
– Literals are concrete data values
– e.g. the integer 27 or the date Dec 1, 2008
Several serialization formats like RDF/XML, N3, etc.
Slide 36
39. Africa
Angola
Located in
http://ontoworld.org/id/Africa
http://ontoworld.org/id/Angola
Borders
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Continent
Continent
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Country
Country
http://ontoworld.org/id/Zambia
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22/rdf-syntax-ns#type
Zambia http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label 39
41. RDF Schema
Define relations between terms to give formal semantics
In RDF(S):
– subClassOf
– subPropertyOf
– And others (domain, range, list, collection, etc.)
Example:
– Country subClassOf Location
– Continent subClassOf Location
Allows inferences
– Angola type Country
– Country subClassOf Location
– -> Angola type Location
42. Angola Africa
Continent
Country
Zambia
Location 42
43. Africa
Angola
Located in
http://ontoworld.org/id/Africa
http://ontoworld.org/id/Angola
Location
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Location
Borders
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Continent
Continent
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Country
http://ontoworld.org/id/Zambia Country
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schemas#subClassOf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22/rdf-syntax-ns#type
Zambia http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label 43
44. RDF Schema
Define relations between terms to give formal semantics
In RDF(S):
– subClassOf
– subPropertyOf
– And others (domain, range, list, collection, etc.)
Example:
– Country subClassOf Location
– Continent subClassOf Location
Allows inferences
– Angola type Country
– Country subClassOf Location
– -> Angola type Location
Slide 44
45. Africa
Angola
Located in
http://ontoworld.org/id/Africa
http://ontoworld.org/id/Angola
Location
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Location
Borders
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Continent
Continent
http://ontoworld.org/id/Category:Country
http://ontoworld.org/id/Zambia Country
http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schemas#subClassOf
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22/rdf-syntax-ns#type
Zambia http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label 45
46. Angola Africa
Continent
Country
Zambia
Location 46
47. Semantic Web
Plant
Vegeterian restaurant
Cell
Enterprise
Animal Restaurant
DNA Hotel
Airline Airport
Pig Vacation
Indian Mammal
Genom Inchineon
Elephant
Gorilla Asia
African Elephant Mumbay Airport
Earth
Mumbay
Continent Europe India
China
Africa
Alexander the Great
Angola
Alexandria Lao Tse Ceylon
Aristotle
Egypt
Zambia Memphis
Philosophy
Slide 47
58. ตัวอย่างหน่วยงานทีเผยแพร่ข ้อมูล
่
ในแบบ Linked Data
UK Government
US Government
BBC
Open Calais – Thomson Reuters
Freebase
NY Times
Best Buy
CNET
Dbpedia
58
68. Library Linked Data (LLD) (2)
1. AGROVOC 10. IdRef: Sudoc authority data
2. BibBase 11. Library of Congress Subject
Headings
3. Calames
12. LCSubjects.org Library of Congress
4. Chronicling America Subject Headings
5. Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) 13. LIBRIS
6. Europeana Linked Open Data 14. LinkedLCCN
7. Freebase 15. Linked Periodicals Database
8. TheSoz Thesaurus for the Social 16. lobid. Index of libraries and related
Sciences (GESIS) organisations
9. Hungarian National Library (NSZL) 17. lobid. Bibliographic Resources
catalog
68
69. Library Linked Data (LLD) (3)
18. medline 27. Sudoc bibliographic data
19. Web NDL Authorities - National Diet Library 28. Thesaurus for Graphic Materials
of Japan (t4gm.info)
20. National Diet Library of Japan subject 29. Open Library data mirror in the Talis
headings Platform
21. Norwegian Medical Subject Headings 30. TEKORD
(MeSH) 31. Thesaurus W for Local Archives
22. Norsk inndeling av vitenskapsdisipliner 32. theses.fr
23. The Open Library 33. Linked Data Service der
24. Polythematic Structured Subject Heading Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
System 34. VIAF: The Virtual International Authority
25. Rådata nå! File
26. RAMEAU subject headings (STITCH) 35. Yleinen suomalainen asiasanasto - YSA
36. 20th Century Press Archives
69
70. The British National Bibliography
http://www.bl.uk/bibliographic/datafree.html
70