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“Comics” Is Hard:
Alternative Databases
Ben Scofield – Viget Labs




                           1
Modeling



flickr: bunchofpants

                                 2
Biology

          3
Linnean taxonomy   4
Kingdom
   Animalia
   Phylum
   Chordata
   Class
   Mammalia
   Order
   Carnivora
   Family
   Felidae
   Genus
   Panthera
   Species
   tigris
flickr: pandiyan


                  5
Animalia
   Chordata
   Mammalia
   Carnivora
   Felidae
   Panthera
   tigris
flickr: pandiyan


                  5
kingdom   phylum     class




 genus     family    order




species   organism




                             6
Problem
The levels are imaginary


                           7
subphylum

           kingdom                phylum                   class

                                             superclass            subclass


                     subfamily                suborder
                                                                   superorder
            genus                  family                  order

subgenus                                     superfamily


                     subspecies

           species                organism

                       variety




                                                                                8
subphylum

           kingdom                phylum                   class




                                  ?
                                             superclass            subclass


                     subfamily                suborder
                                                                   superorder
            genus                  family                  order

subgenus                                     superfamily


                     subspecies

           species                organism

                       variety




                                                                                8
subspecies

taxon taxon taxon   species                organism

                                variety




                                                      9
Species
flickr: cpurrin1

                  10
Reproductive Isolation
flickr: superciliousness

                          11
Reproductive Isolation
flickr: superciliousness

                          11
12
13
flickr: niznoz

                14
Numerical taxonomy
                     15
Cladistics
             16
taxon clade taxon   organism




                               17
Problem
Cladistics is historical and
    counter-intuitive

                               18
flickr: goellnitz

                   19
flickr: goellnitz
       pcoin

                   19
The Challenge
Unclear, imprecise domain


                            20
comics

         21
publisher   title   issue




                            22
23
publisher   imprint   title




                      issue




                              24
25
publisher   imprint    title




            issue     volume




                               26
27
27
28
29
publisher   imprint            title




            issue             volume




                      trade




                                       30
31
31
32
32
33
33
publisher             imprint            title




                      issue             volume




            variant             trade




                                                 34
35
35
36
36
name




publisher             imprint            title




                      issue             volume




            variant             trade




                                                 37
38
38
38
39
39
name




publisher              imprint               title




                        ?
                        issue
                      nested set?
                                            volume




            variant                 trade




                                                     40
41
42
imprint




            ?!?!
publisher                title              name




                        issue
storyline                                   volume
                      nested set?




            variant                 trade




                                                     43
science fiction
     noir       horror

      genres?
independent
           Martial Arts
 historical
  Pirate      superhero

                          44
imprint     publisher




@#&*!
               title      name


 genre


              issue
                          volume
            nested set?




storyline    variant      trade




                                   45
The Challenge
Complete insanity


                    46
Alternatives
                     databases unite!




#?forben
flickr: ikhnaton2

                                        47
http://thisisindexed.com/2009/02/just-because-you-can-doesnt-mean-you-should/
                                                                                48
Key-Value

            49
Redis    Tokyo Cabinet
 Project Voldemort
  Cassandra*
                         50
require "rubygems"
                 require "tokyocabinet"

                 include TokyoCabinet

                 bdb = BDB::new # B-Tree database; keys may have multiple values
                 bdb.open("casket.bdb", BDB::OWRITER | BDB::OCREAT)

                 # store records in the database, allowing duplicates
                 bdb.putdup("key1", "value1")
                 bdb.putdup("key1", "value2")
                 bdb.put("key2", "value3")
                 bdb.put("key3", "value4")

                 # retrieve all values
                 p bdb.getlist("key1")
                 # => ["value1", "value2"]

                 # range query, find all matching keys
                 p bdb.range("key1", true, "key3", true)
                 # => ["key1", "key2", "key3"]




http://www.igvita.com/2009/02/13/tokyo-cabinet-beyond-key-value-store/
                                                                                   51
Biology   x

Comics    x

              52
Configuration   ✓
  Caching      ✓
Translations   ✓

                   53
54
Document

           55
56
{
    'name':'Ben Scofield',
    'adjective':'awesomesauce'
}

{
    'name':'Magic Pony',
    'description':'It is a *lie*!'
}




                                     57
Biology   ✓

Comics    x

              58
{
    'kingdom':'Animalia',
    ‘phylum’:‘Chordata’,
    ‘subphylum’:‘Vertebrata’,
    ‘class’:‘Mammalia’,
    ‘subclass’:‘Eutheria’,
    ‘order’:‘Carnivora’,
    ‘family’:‘Felidae’,
    ‘subfamily’:‘Panthernae’,
    ‘genus’:‘Pantera’,
    ‘species’:‘tigris’,
    ‘name’:‘Wanda’
}


                                59
Graph

        60
AllegroGraph
Java     Java / Lisp



                       61
http://neotechnology.com/why-neo

                                   62
http://markorodriguez.com/Lectures_files/risk-symposium2009.pdf
                                                                 63
flickr: 9948354@N08

                     64
Biology   ✓

Comics    ✓

              65
Animalia


             ...


           Felidae
                         subfamilyof


          genusof              Panthernae

                          genusof
          Panthera


          speciesof


            tigris


          member


            001


    age    name       weight



3          Wanda                  300



                                            66
Animalia


                         ...


                       Felidae
                                     subfamilyof


                      genusof              Panthernae

                                      genusof
                      Panthera



species               speciesof
              type

                        tigris
                         010

              name
 tigris               member


                        001


                age    name       weight



          3            Wanda                  300



                                                        66
Group IV


  orderof


Picornavirales



  familyof


Picornaviridae



  genusof


Rhinovirus


 speciesof

   human
rhinovirus A


  member


    002



                 67
class        Mammalia     Group IV        group
                   orderof      orderof


                  Carnivora   Picornavirales



                  familyof      familyof


                   Felidae    Picornaviridae
    subfamilyof


Panthernae        genusof       genusof

      genusof
                  Panthera    Rhinovirus


                  speciesof    speciesof

                                 human
                    tigris
                              rhinovirus A


                  member        member


                    001           002




                                                       68
DC
                               imprintof


                    titleof                DC Universe


 Green                          titleof
                     001
Lantern   nameof
                                             genreof
                   volumeof   genreof


                   Volume 1                  Sci Fi
                                            Superhero
                               genreof


                    issueof   genreof


                     002            precedes             Issue #2



          number    coverof


  #1                 003




                                                                    69
require 'neo4j'

Neo4j::Transaction.run do
  dc = Neo4j::Node.new
  dc[:name] = 'DC'

 dc_universe = Neo4j::Node.new
 dc_universe[:name] = 'DC Universe'

 dc.relationships.outgoing(:imprints) << dc_universe

 rel = dc.relationships.outgoing(:imprints).first
 rel[:started] = 1980

 vol1 = Neo4j::Node.new
 vol1[:started] = 1941
 vol1[:ended]   = 1949
 vol1[:name]    = 'Green Lantern'

 dc.relationships.outgoing(:titles) << vol1
 dc_universe.relationships.outgoing(:titles) << vol1

  # ...
end




                                                       70
Hybrid Solutions



flickr: joriel

                                   71
72
72
post
tag
      document id




                    {
                        'title':'Post Title'
                        'content':'Hello!'
                        'comments':["First!"]
                    }




                                                73
74
search




user accounts and whatnot




                 {
                     'name':'...'
                     'attr1':'...'
                     'attr7':'...'
                 }




                                     75
Thank You
                    ben scofield - @bscofield
                     http://benscofield.com
              http://www.viget.com/extend
      http://www.speakerrate.com/bscofield
                                              76

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"Comics" Is Hard: Alternative Databases