1. Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms

6. Mr. Fungus is ready to greet our friend the alga The Fungus Meets an Alga Friend alga cell is prepared to greet Mr. Fungus. The Lichen is created between the fungus and the alga.

11. Usnea australis , fruticose form, growing on tree branch Crustose lichens on limestone in S. Italy Physcia millegrana -a foliose lichen, with an unlichenized polypore fungus (bottom right), on a fallen log.

12. "Witch's hair" (Alectoria sarmentosa) This lichen valued as fiber in traditional cultures in the Northwest. Used as bandages, baby diapers, feminine hygiene supplies, and even as raw material for ponchos and footwear. It made good artificial hair for decorating dance masks.

19. Lobaria oregana Soredia: Lobules: yes Isidia: yes Podetia: no Reproductive Body: apothecium rust Body Type: foliose Unstratified: no Life Form: Hollow lobes: no Central cord: no Lobe shape: rounded Rhizines: Cilia margin: no Surface texture: veined-bottom Wrinkles: Cephalodia: yes internal pockets Papillae: no Fibrilles on Branches: no Spore type: septate Spore size (um): Lobe Width: more than 10 mm

21. A red alder tree downwind of a smoke plume from the Sitka Pulp Mill (which has since been closed) in Sitka, Alaska. Bark of red alder trees is usually covered by a mosaic of white lichens, leaving very little brown bark showing.