1. The 1920s “ America’s present need is not heroics but healing; not nostrums but normalcy; not revolution but restoration; no surgery but serenity” Warren Harding (1920)

2. Mass Production Machines and Factories Higher Wages Consumer Goods THE ECONOMY THAT ROARED 1921 - 1929

3. War Time Profits Scientific Management Automobile Industry New Industries: aviation, chemicals, radio and movies Economic Growth "Americans can have any kind of car they want, and any color they want, as long as it's a Ford, and as long as it's black." Henry Ford

5. Origins of the Culture Wars Things that make a boy popular: >>Athletics: 21% >>Scholarship: 14% >>Good Looks: 10% >>Dependability: 1% >>Capability: 2% >>Character: 2% Things that make a Girl Popular >>Appearance 17% >>Scholarship: 15% >>Personality: 9% >>Morality: 4% >>Character: 3% From a Survey of High Schools in 19 States, 1924 Image Substance Mass Culture Local Culture Looked to the Future Idealized the Past Science Religion Abundance Scarcity Personality Character Emphasized consumption Emphasized production New Culture Old Culture

6. Americanization Programs The Great Ford Melting Pot

7. Literacy Tests The American Wall "I do most solemnly . . .swear that I will always, to the best of my ability, labor, plead and wage a continuous warfare against ignorance and fanaticism; that I will use my utmost power to strike the shackles and chains of blind obedience to the Roman Catholic Church from the hampered and bound consciences of a priest-ridden and church-oppressed people. . .” American Protective Association Oath, 1912

8. The Only Way to Handle It Europe Under the 3% Rule The First Attempt 1921 Emergency Quota Act

9. The 1924 Immigration Act The annual quota of any nationality shall be two percentum of the number of foreign-born individuals of such nationality resident in continental United States as determined by the United States census of 1890 …. 100 Greece 100 Japan 2,248 Russia 3,073 Czechoslovakia 3,954 France 28,567 Ireland 34,000 Great Britain and N. Ireland 51,227 Germany Quota Country

10. Klan Day at the Races "To unite white male persons, native-born, Gentile citizens of the United States of America, who owe no allegiance of any nature or degree to any foreign government, nation, institution, sect, ruler, person, or people; whose morals are good; whose reputations and vocations are respectable; whose habits are exemplary; who are of sound minds and eighteen years or more of age, under a common oath into a brother hood of strict regulations." The Klan Manual, 1925

11. How Drink Leads to Immorality, The Anti-Saloon League

12. The Volstead Act (1919) 21 st Amendment Repealed Prohibition in 1933

17. Woman is at her best in the more decorative ways of life-- in the production and distribution of beautiful necessities, or in those professions most akin to motherhood, the care and education of children, or medical attendance of her own sex. Her brain power and nervous energy are essentially different from a man's, and she makes a mistake when she tries to use them in the same way. The New Woman, 1929

18. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D195Q1GPi-g

19. Radio