System Layout and Applications Low Mass vs High Mass Radiant Panels Fan Coils Domestic Hot Water Solar Thermal Balance Point Strategies Heat Pump Application Software Mono-Valent Mono-Energetic Bi-Valent Programming for Energy Savings with User Interface

1. Daikin Altherma

2. Daikin’s 4 Pillars

3. Daikin’s 4 Pillars
• Applied • VRV lll
• Air Conditioning • Mini Splits & Sky Air
• Refrigeration • Conveni Pack
• Heating • Altherma

4. Applied
Daikin is proud to launch
“One step further into the revolution”

5. Air Conditioning
• The Single Splits come in 2 family groups
– Utilizing the High Efficiency RXS Outdoor Unit with
efficiency ratings of up to 17 SEER and 10.1 HSPF
– Utilizing the Standard Efficiency RX Outdoor Unit with
efficiency ratings of 13 SEER and 7.7 HSPF
Efficiency based on ARI 210/240 2008

6. Refrigeration

7. Conveni Pack

8. Daikin Altherma
• The Heating Pillar
• Altherma, Monobloc, and more…

16. Introduce an electric hydronic system that heats and
cools the space, and can supply domestic hot water.
Eco-efficient air-to-water heat pump hydronic system.
Introduced in Europe in 2005, a unique combination
using existing Daikin technology.
ALTHERMA, DAIKIN’s solution for the
hydronic heating market.
16

26. Table of Contents
 1. Introduction to Daikin Altherma
 2. System Layout and Applications
 3. Balance Point Strategies
 4. Programming for Energy Savings
26

27. Introduction to Daikin Altherma

28. Drivers to a Changing Heating Market
• The Heating Market is Changing
– Energy prices : ever rising prices of fossil fuels due to
increasing demand and reduced availability
– Ecological concern : efforts to reduce emmissions of
green house gases and energy consumption
– Changing legislations, incentives : to support the drive
towards major changes in energy consumption habits
for the purpose of achieving ecological targets in an
effort to slow down, stop or even reverse climate
change.
28

29. With DAIKIN ALTHERMA product, DAIKIN has entered the true HEATING market
In 2006 DAIKIN entered the EU-heating market using an air to water ＜ Initial U.S.Target market ＞
heatpump Hydronic Heat Common
Heat Pump acceptable
In 2009, Daikin AC will launch this technology in the U.S NWCheap Electricity
Hybrid Altherma or G/F
Rebate Opportunities
Rebate Opportunities
Cold Region
１． Savings on running costs by high COP NW
NE
compared with Gas/Oil boilers
2. Friendly for the environment
3 ． Differentiation with cooling function against boilers
Product differention Water heating market
1 Savings on running costs
-40% compared to fuel boilers
2009
Heat source market:
30 to 50°C
DAIKIN original strategy:
Enter the LOW temperature heating
Low 86 to 122°F market by development of an HFC-based
-25% compared to gas boilers temp ： H/P
2 Environmently friendly
60 % savings on CO2-emissions
Floor heating Mainly new houses
Capitalize on initial product scope to strengthen opportunity
3 Easy installation in wider heat pump market with HT solutions
50 to 80°C Enter the HIGH temperature heating market by
2010
- No need for chimney High using a Cascade System (R-410A to R-134).
122 to 176°F Orignally a CO2-based H/P was going to be
- No need for fuel storage tank Temp. ：
- No need for connection to gas supply used. Issues with high operating pressures
ruled this option out at this time.
Radiator
Mainly refurbishment
29

30. Selection conditions
Typical conditions for the heating LWT are:
86 to 95°F (at design conditions) for floor heating
86 to 113°F (at design conditions) for fan coil units and
104 to 122°F (at design conditions) for low
temperature radiators
Typical conditions for cooling LWT are:
41 to 71°F (at design conditions) for fan coil unit
30

31. Daikin Altherma™ – Why “Altherma”??
“All-thermal” functions embedded: heating, domestic hot water, cooling = all year comfort
Or
“Alternative thermal” system, friendly for the environment, using renewable energy sources
3 functions: Unique concept in the EU
market
heating Domestic hot water cooling
Main product functions
TOTAL CONCEPT FOR CLIMATE CONTROL IN RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS
31

32. Benefits for the End-User
• General
– Only one energy supply needed (single invoice)
– Comfortable heating system
• Compared to gas/oil
– No risk for gas or oil leaks, no risk for CO contamination
– Improved installation possibilities (no combustion ventilation, no
combustion exhaust gas evacuation, no oil storage)
– Possibility of cooling
• Compared to direct electrical heating
– Efficiency 2 to 4 times higher
– More capacity available for same power input
• Compared to geothermal heat pumps
– No expensive drilling or excavation works, small installation footprint
outdoors
32

33. Daikin Altherma Overview

34. Daikin Altherma™ - THE 3 IN 1 GUARANTEE – FOR ABSOLUTE COMFORT
Daikin Altherma™ is a unigue system that heats, produces
domestic hot water and can even cool spaces. Altherma™
offers maximum year round comfort.
The air/water heat pump is an interesting alternative for classic gas or fuel oil
heating that offer unique benefits:
Uses renewable energy sources (extracts heat from outside air)
Delivers considerable savings in energy costs
Delivers a significant contribution in the fight against CO2 emissions
Provide heating, cooling and domestic hot water
User Interface
Room Thermostat
Outdoor Heat Pump Indoor Unit (Hydro Box)
Solar Kit
Domestic Hot Water Tank
34

35. Daikin Altherma Split Type Overview Ideal concept for a new house
HYBRID system in
combination with 120 to 180 m²
Domestic hot water tank ALTHERMA Size of house: 1292 to 1938 ft²
Stainless steel
3 sizes: 150,
200, 300 l
(40, 53, 79
gallon)
HE / CO
Solar Kit
Solar kit = HE / (CO) (*) (*) floor cooling has limited capacity
(approx 20 W/m²)
interface
between solar
panel and
Altherma
domestic hot
water tank Outdoor Unit Domestic Hot Hydro-Box Floor heating
Water Tank Water temp: 30~35°C~40
blank
86~95°F~104
35

36. Daikin Altherma Split System
FAN COILS
Hydrobox
Outdoor unit
Headers
3 way valve
Hot water
tapping
UnderFloor
Heating
By-pass valve
Headers
Cold water
inlet
DHW tank
36

37. HOT WATER SUPPLY TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE
RELIEF CONNECTION INLET WATER
SLOENOID
DHW Mode
VALVE
DHW TANK HYDRO KIT
4.8 gallons
EXPANSION
VESSEL LIQUID LINE
CONDENSING
UNIT
GAS LINE
DRAINAGE POINT
MAINS COLD WATER SUPPLY
HEATING LOOP DISTRIBUTION
TUNDISH
COMBINATION 3 PORT 2 PORT
VALVE VALVE VALVE
FLOOR TOWEL
LOOP RAIL
SINK UNIT
COLD WATER SUPPLY FAN COIL LOOP
DRAINAGE
VALVE
FCU
No. 1
37

38. HOT WATER SUPPLY TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE
RELIEF CONNECTION INLET WATER
SLOENOID
Space Heating Mode
VALVE
DHW TANK HYDRO KIT
4.8 gallons
EXPANSION
VESSEL LIQUID LINE
CONDENSING
UNIT
GAS LINE
DRAINAGE POINT
MAINS COLD WATER SUPPLY
HEATING LOOP DISTRIBUTION
TUNDISH
3 PORT 2 PORT
COMBINATION VALVE VALVE
VALVE
FLOOR TOWEL
LOOP RAIL
SINK UNIT
COLD WATER SUPPLY FAN COIL LOOP
DRAINAGE
VALVE
FCU
No. 1
38

39. HOT WATER SUPPLY TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE
RELIEF CONNECTION INLET WATER
SLOENOID
Space Cooling Mode
VALVE
DHW TANK HYDRO KIT
4.8 gallons
EXPANSION
VESSEL LIQUID LINE
CONDENSING
UNIT
GAS LINE
DRAINAGE POINT
MAINS COLD WATER SUPPLY
HEATING LOOP DISTRIBUTION
TUNDISH
COMBINATION 3 PORT 2 PORT
VALVE VALVE VALVE
FLOOR TOWEL
LOOP RAIL
SINK UNIT
COLD WATER SUPPLY FAN COIL LOOP
DRAINAGE
VALVE
FCU
No. 1
39

40. Daikin Altherma LT Monobloc Overview
Solar collectors
Room thermostat
Fan coil unit
LT radiator
Under floor heating
Outdoor unit Domestic hot water tank
40

41. Daikin Altherma Monobloc System
FAN COILS
Monobloc Unit
Headers
3 way valve
Hot water
tapping
UnderFloor
Heating
By-pass valve
Headers
Cold water
inlet
DHW tank
41

42. Comparison LT Split – LT Monobloc
Altherma LT Split Altherma LT Monobloc
Outdoor (compressor) + Indoor Outdoor only (compressor and
Heat pump type
(hydronic parts) hydronic parts combined)
R-410A refrigerant Between outdoor unit and indoor
Inside the outdoor unit
piping unit
Between indoor unit and heating Between outdoor unit and heating
H2O piping
emitters emitters
42

43. Operating range
Heating mode Cooling mode
T ambient T ambient
77°F/25°C 109°F/43°C
-4°F/-20°C 59°F/15°C
77°F/25°C 122°F/50°C 45°F/7°C 68°F/20°C
Hydrobox Leaving Water Temperature Hydrobox Leaving Water Temperature
Sanitary mode
T ambient Booster
109°F/43°C
heater
95°F/35°C
-4°F/-20°C
77°F/25°C 122°F/50°C 194°F/90°C
Sanitary Tank Outlet Temperature
43

44. Domestic hot water tank design
DHW tank maximizes
energy savings &
warm water capacity
Booster
• Optimal placement of: Heater
1. Heat exchanger,
2. Temperature sensor &
3. Booster heater Leaving water from Sensor
Heat pump
• Control strategy
– Next slide Heat
Exchanger
Return water
44

45. Domestic hot water control strategy
• DHW priority setting can be adjusted
• Powerful DHW mode : both heat pump and booster heater are in operation
for quick hot water preparation
• Booster heater control :
– Adjustable delay timer : allow heat pump to heat up the water as high as possible
(118.4 -122°F) before operating the booster heater
– Booster heater priority : simultaneous operation of back-up heater and booster
heater can be disabled, booster heater has priority
– Scheduled timer : booster heater operation can be controlled by scheduled timer
• Comfort settings :
– Max DHW running time : maximum continuous operation in DHW mode (to avoid
cooldown of rooms)
– Anti-recycling time : minimum time between two successive DHW operations (to
allow recovery of temperature in heated rooms)
• Thermal disinfection mode
– Heat up the tank daily / weekly to avoid bacteria infection (default setting 158°F)
45

46. Domestic hot water recovery times
Static Recovery Times (47°F/8°C outdoor ambient)
Daikin Altherma™ DHW Recovery Times (minutes)
Capacity BTUH 50 gal (220 l) Tank 80 gal (300 l) Tank
(036) 36000 55 89
20 Minute Booster Heater Delay 48 74
(036) 46,000 w/Booster Heater (3kW) 43 70
(048) 48000 45 65
20 Minute Booster Heater Delay 37 59
(048) 58,000 w/Booster Heater (3kW) 34 55
(054) 54000 37 59
20 Minute Booster Heater Delay 34 53
(054) 64,000 w/Booster Heater (3kW) 31 51
Recovery times based on 80°F/44.5°C ΔT
Booster heater delay default setting is minimum 20 minutes (Maximum is 95 minutes)
46

47. Daikin Altherma Technology

48. Heat generation by heat pumps
No heat “generation”, only move heat
from the outside to the inside.
48

49. Heat pump principle
Expansion
valve
Condenser
Evaporator
Comp
Electric
power
49

50. Heat Pump Concept
Capture heat from the outside air and transfer it to the inside of the building.
Example:
48,000 BTU heat pump will use 27.97 amps @ full load
ERLQ048/ EKHBX054
Producing 50,700 BTU of heat @ 54ºF/12°C outdoor w/ 113° LWC
( 44.8 kBTU at 45ºF/7°C outdoors)
( ( 31.6 kBTU at 19ºF/-7°C outdoors) 65.8% of Rated Capacity
Electric heat of 51,182 BTU or a 15kW heat strip
@ 230 volts would consume 65 amps
Electric Heat uses 2.33 times the power
Which is more efficient,
No heat “generation”, only inside??? heat
Creating the heat energy or just bring it move
from the outside to0the inside.
CO emissions -
2
50

51. Daikin Altherma Outdoor Unit Technology
Bell Mouth Guides
Smooth air inlet bell mouth
Digitally Commutated Fan Motors added to the bell mouth
intake to reduce turbulence.
Efficiency improved in all areas
compared to conventional AC Sine Wave DC Inverter
motors, especially at low
speeds. Use of the smooth sine wave
PWM smoothes motor rotation,
Aero Spiral Fan further improving operating
efficiency and reducing
The bent fan blade edges offensive operating sounds.
control air eddies of the blade
edge, drastically reducing
operating sound.
Reluctance Digitally
Commutated Compressor
Super Aero Grille
Overheating losses are
Refined ventilation mechanism reduced by pressurizing the
enables further reduction in area around the motor,
required fan power. boosting energy saving
performance in conjunction with
other features.
51

52. Built In Reliability PE fin
Special anticorrosion treatment of the heat exchanger provides 5 to 6
times greater resistance against acid rain and salt corrosion.
Corrosion resistance rating
Non-treated Anticorrosion treated
Salt corrosion 1 5 to 6
An anticorrosion
Acid rain 1 5 to 6 heat exchanger
cutaway view
Hydrophilic film
Aluminum
Heat exchanger Corrosion-resistant
acrylic resin
Galbarium steel base
A rust-proof steel sheet on the bottom of the unit gives additional protection.
52

53. Compressor Technology
DC – Digitally Commutated
Inverter Drive
53

54. Optimized Sine Wave
 Advantage:
 Smoother motor rotation
 Improved motor efficiency
Inverter output current wave
Rough wave Smooth wave
54

55. The DC-motor Principles
 Stator = Coil
 Rotor = Permanent Magnets
Neodymium Ferrite
Commutation by means of
Inverter AC Wave Input
55

56. The DC-motor Principles
Reluctance brushless DC compressor
DC = Digitally commutated
Rotating stator field
Curved
Iron Rotor
Electrical field in the Neodymium
stator not the rotor Magnets
no need for brushes
56

57. Inverter Drive System
+V • The inverter control adjusts the
supply frequency
• Thus the rotational speed of the
T(sec) compressor is controlled
• Exactly the right amount of
refrigerant gas is pumped to meet
-V the cooling requirements
60 Hz Frequency
Inverter Box Multi-Step Principle
+V
Load
T(sec)
17capacity steps VRV-s
-V 22 capacity steps on WC
37 capacity steps VRV
Frequency 52 to 210 (Hz)
57

58. Multiple Step Control
 Standard HVAC system
 1 to 2 stages of capacity
 Uses mechanical unloading techniques
 VRV uses inverter technology
 Electronic inverter varies compressor rotational speed in steps
Unloader, Two Speed or Multi-Step Control Principle
Two Compressors
Load
Load
50% 100% 52~210Hz
Compressor capacity Applied frequency
58

59. Other Inverter Benefits
 Very low startup amperage
 No locked rotor amps
 No stress on windings or compressor frame
 No “light flicker”
 Lubrication of bearings increases before speed
increases
 System pressures increase gradually reducing noise and
stress on piping
 Quiet compressor startup
 Idea for backup generator and photo voltaic solar
applications
59

60. Inrush Current
Non 5 to 6 times RLA
Inverter 132 amps
Rush
Current
Current
22 amps
Running
0 amps Current Time
When starting up, Inverter
raises frequency smoothly,
eliminating the rush current.
Current 31.9 amps ?
No heat “generation”, only move heat
4 amps
Running
from the outside to the inside.
0 amps
Current Time
Altherma Inverter
60

61. Daikin Altherma Application

62. Balance Point Strategies
• Mono-Valent
• Mono-Energetic
• Bi-Valent
62

63. Daikin Altherma System Applications
Ideal for New Construction Ideal for New Construction
Mono-Valent Mono-Energetic
100% Heat pump coverage : Best balance between investment cost
selection of bigger capacity and and running cost, results in lowest
higher investment cost heat pump Lifecycle Cost
Back up heater*
Heat Hydro Radiators/ Back up heater is only used
pump box floor heating Heat Hydro Radiators/ below the equilibrium point
pump box floor heating
Mono-valent (heatpump only)
Heatpump capacity Mono-energetic (heatpump + heater)
Coldest day of the year Coldest day of the year
Heating requirement
Heating requirement
Heatpump capacity
Equilibrium point
Covered by heatpump
Spare heatpump 10%
Covered by heatpump
capacity
Covered by back up heater
Spare heatpump
100% 90% capacity
Hours Hours
*Back up heater is mounted inside the hydro box
63

64. Daikin Altherma System Applications
Ideal for Refurbishment/Upgrade
Space Heating with an Auxiliary Boiler
Bi-Valent
3.Space heating application by either the
Daikin Altherma Hydrobox or by an
Auxiliary boiler connected in the system.
4.An auxiliary contact decides whether the
Hydrobox or the boiler will operate.
5.The auxiliary contact can be an outdoor
temperature thermostat, an electricity tariff
contact, a manually operated contact etc.
6.Domestic Hot Water in such an
application is always produced by the
System Tank connected to the Hydrobox,
including when the boiler is in operation for
space heating.
64

65. Did you know that ...

Floor heating systems
result in a more
uniform temperature
distribution in the room
compared to radiators.
65

66. Temperature profiles
8.9 ft
6 ft
4 in
°F 60.8 64.4 68 71.6 75.2 60.8 64.4 68 71.6 75.2 60.8 64.4 68 71.6 75.2 57.2 60.8 64.4 68 71.6 75.2
FCU / air to air
Comfort Discomfort
The highest heating comfort is achieved with a floor heating system
With floor heating, the room temperature can be reduced by 3.6°F
Because of the large heating surface and low water temperature 77-104°F,
floor heating is perfect to combine with a heat pump
66

67. Installation Examples
Advantage: Low Initial Cost
Disadvantage: Poor
Temperature Control
SBI: Supplied by Installer
67

68. Installation Examples
Advantage: Separate Temperature
Control of each Heating Loop for
Improved Comfort
Disadvantage: Higher Initial Cost
68

69. Installation Examples
Advantage: Low Initial
Cost. Heating & Cooling
are Separated by M13
Valve.
Disadvantage: Poor
Temperature Control
SBI: Supplied by Installer
69

70. Daikin Altherma Installation
Requirements

71. Installation Requirements
• Distance between outdoor and hydro-box (Outdoor
& Monobloc).
• Distances related to water pipe installation (Outdoor
& Monobloc).
• Refrigerant piping (Outdoor).
• Attention points on the water circuit.
• Installation Examples
71

72. Installation Requirements ERLQ036, 048, 054BAVJU (Outdoor)
*Standard
246 ft minimum 16.4 ft.
With factory
10 ft* charge
98.4 ft 10 ft if
recharging
outdoor is
10 ft performed.
32.8 ft
To avoid big temperature change when To guarantee a minimum temperature
switching from sanitary to cooling ( hot difference between outlet PHE and inlet tank
draft)
72

73. Installation Requirements
10 ft
32.8 ft
39.4 ft in length.
To avoid big temperature change when switching from DHW to
cooling ( hot draft)
To guarantee a minimum temperature difference between outlet
PHE and inlet DHW tank
73

74. Installation Requirements Required Oil Trap ERLQ036, 048, 054BAVJU
Since there is a possibility of oil held inside
the riser piping flowing back into the
compressor when stopped and causing
liquid compression phenomenon.
Install trap at each difference in
height of 32.8 ft is required.
•Trap installation spacing.
A Outdoor unit
B Indoor unit
C Gas piping
D Liquid piping
E Oil trap
H Install trap at each difference in height of 10 m
Oil trap is not necessary when the outdoor
unit is installed in a higher position than the
indoor unit.
Caution: Requirements for a trap
74

75. Installation Requirements Refrigerant Piping Size &
Additional Refrigerant
Charging
ERLQ036, 048, 054BAVJU ~ EKHBH/EKHBX054BA3/6VJU
75

76. Installation Requirements
Water Circuit
Installation of shut-off valves at inlet and outlet of hydro-box.
Installation of drain valves at the lowest places
Air vents at the highest level
All field piping must withstand the water pressure
Water volume
ERLQ036, 048, 054AVJU + EKHB/EKHX054BA3/6VJU
EDLQ/EBLW036,048,054A6VJU
 Minimum water volume
– Heating only model: 5.3 gals.
– Heating / Cooling model: 5.3 gals.
76

77. Basic System Layout – Space Heating Only
Hydro Box
Outdoor unit Backup Heater
Refrigerant
Plate heat exchanger
Space heating
77

78. Basic System Layout – Space Heating and DHW
DHW mode
Outdoor unit Backup Heater
Refrigerant
Plate heat exchanger
Sanitary Tank
Max
176°F
(80°C)
Booster heater
3 way valve
Max 55°C
Space heating
78

79. Basic System Layout – Space Heating and DHW
Heating
mode
Outdoor unit Backup Heater
Refrigerant
Plate heat exchanger
Sanitary Tank
Max
176°F
(80°C)
Booster heater
3 way valve
Space heating
79

80. Basic System Layout - Sanitary and Moderate Floor
Cooling (cooling mode)
Back up heater
Backup Heater
Outdoor unit
To avoid condensation
Refrigerant on the floor, LWE
temperature should be
higher than dewpoint.
Sanitary Tank
Max
Plate heat exchanger
176°F
(80°C)
Booster heater
3 way valve
Space heating
80

81. Basic System Layout - Sanitary and Cooling (cooling
mode)
Outdoor unit Backup heater
Refrigerant
Plate heat exchanger
Sanitary Tank
Max
176°F FCU for cooling
(80°C)
Booster heater
2 way valve
3 way valve
Space heating
81

82. Switchover Between Sanitary and Cooling (sanitary
mode)
Hydrobox
Sanitary Tank
Produces
water of
55°C
3 way valve leads
Max 10 ft (3m)
the water to the
sanitary tank FCU for cooling
The water is cold but
not circulating
82

83. Switchover Between Sanitary and Cooling (transient)
Hydrobox
Sanitary Tank
Produces
cold water
3 way valve leads Warm water
the water to the
FCU FCU for cooling
The water is warm
but not circulating
83

84. Switchover Between Sanitary and Cooling (cooling
mode)
Hydrobox
Sanitary Tank
Produces
cold water
3 way valve leads
the water to the
FCU FCU for cooling
The water is warm
but not circulating
84

85. Daikin Altherma Interface Control

86. Remote Controller
Back up heater symbol Booster heater symbol
Pump on symbol Heating/Cooling on/off
Compressor on symbol Space heating operation
Space cooling operation
Silent mode operation
Weather depending control
Temperature setpoint adjusment DHW heating operation
DHW water temperature setpoint adjusment
Controller reference
86

87. Questions?
Thank you for your attention
87