Copenhagen presentation 2

1. Copenhagen
Nicholas DiGirolamo, Erin Robartes, Matthew MacMurray, Zachary Duell, Reed Feery

2. Copenhagen Transit System

3. Metro
• Two lines
– M1 runs from Vanløse Station to
Copenhagen Airoport on East Amager
– M2 runs from Vanløse Station to Ørestad
on West Amager
– Both lines take you through the heart of
the city
– Driverless and fully automatic, with metro
stewards on train
– All trains equipped with CCTV (surveillance
cameras)
– Arrive at 4-6 minute intervals during day
and evening and 15-20 minute intervals
during the night 24/7
– “Cityringen” City Ring Plan

4. Busses
• Movia – main public Copenhagen bus service
• Operate all hours of day, with night buses
operating from 1-5 a.m. with less frequent stops
• Do not stop at every stop, only stop if people
waiting at bus stop or passenger presses stop
button
• CityBus – inner city sightseeing bus, gets you
around the city center and stops at city’s top
attractions with frequent intervals, busses
completely electric
• Harbour buses – runs in Copenhagen Harbour
area, takes you sightseeing for price of an
ordinary bus ticket, cheap alternative to canal
tours

5. Copenhagen Central Station
• Located in heart of the city,
serves as gateway to all public
transportation in and out and
around Copenhagen
• Buses, taxis, local S-trains,
regional trains (to airport and
other areas of Denmark,
Sweden, & most of Europe)

6. Nørreport
• Hub in central Copenhagen that
connects regional trains, S-trains,
busses, and the metro
• Busiest hub in all of Denmark
• Currently under renovation,
which will result in three big,
open areas, lit roofs and
ventilation towers with
integrated lighting

7. Tickets
• Tickets can be bought for individual trips
on each mode of public transportation
• Bought either from ticket sales area
before boarding (all modes), or from
driver (buses)
• Greater Copenhagen area divided into 95
zones
• Pay for the number of zones you pass
through
• Zones have varying prices (9 zone rings,
each color determines fare)
• Zone system applies to all buses, trains
and metro

8. 24-hour ticket
• Allows travel for 24 hours unlimited by bus, train,
metro and harbour bus in all zones
• Adult ticket costs DKK 130 (Danish krone)
– 1 DKK = $ 0.168 US
– Comes to about $ 21.84 US
– One adult can bring along 2 children under 12 free
– Children under 16 can by ticket for DKK 65 ($ 10.92 US)
– Can be bought at airport or any station
– Also sell 48, 72, or 120 hour tickets

9. 24-hour or 72-hour City Pass
• Unlimited access to buses, trains, metro, and
harbour buses in zones 1-4
– 24-hour adult ticket costs DKK 80 ($ 13.44 US)
– 24 hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 40 ($ 6.72 US)
– 72-hour adult ticket costs DKK 200 ($ 33.60 US)
– 72-hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 90 ($ 15.12 US)

10. Other options
• Single trips – lasts 1-2 hours, depending on zone(s)
• 10 trip tickets – slowly being phased out of transportation
systems
• FlexCard – unlimited access for 7 days in zones you pay for
• Copenhagen Card – gives free admission to 75 museums and
sights, unlimited travel, and discounts on attractions in
Greater Copenhagen
• Rejsekortet – new travel card for Copenhagen residents,
prepaid card

11. Copenhagen Metro
● Orestad Development
Corporation
● 3 modes originally considered.
● October 1994 - Rapid Transit was
chosen
● June 24th, 1992 - Orestad Act.

12. Copenhagen Metro
● Currently, the system is
owned by Metroselskabet,
which is owned by the
Municipalities of
Copenhagen and
Frederiksberg, and the
Ministry of Transport.
● Construction began in
Nov. 1996
● All Lines of M1 and M2
were operating by October
12, 2003.
● Future - “City Circle Line”
Current
Future

13. Copenhagen S-Train
Finger Plan ● The Finger Plan 1947, “Regional Plan
Committee”
● Focuses on Developing Metropolitan area
within 600m of S-train stations.
● 4 Zones
● “Green” areas in between developing fingers
to promote recreational areas, agriculture,
etc.
● Basis of development strategy almost 70
years later.

14. Copenhagen S-Train
● The first line was opened in 1934.
● They serve more than half a million
people a day.
● city's bus terminals are often
adjacent to an S-train or Metro
station.
● As of January 2009 there are 170
km of dual track and 84 S-train
stations.
● The S-train is completely operated
by “DSB” (Danske Statsbaner).

15. Bicycles
http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/facts-about-cycling-in-denmark/
cycling-history/
● First half of 1900’s,
bicycles dominated
transportation
● 1960’s conflict between
bicycles and automobiles
● People had a vision for the
transportation system and
fought for it → bike
infrastructure

16. Bicycles
● Strong bicycle culture foundation
allows for the development of
innovative infrastructure.
● Under the Technical and
Environmental Administration
Traffic Department: A 2025
bicycle plan
● One unique aspect is a bicycle
superhighway.
● Cycling Embassy of Denmark
promotes and shares knowledge
of cycling

17. Pedestrianization
- Definition: To convert into an area for use of pedestrians only, by excluding
motor vehicles
- Process began in 1962 with Strøget becoming a pedestrian only zone
- Many policies were introduced since then to encourage pedestrianization
- Not only a transportation solution
- Improves public health
- Improves sustainability and energy efficiency
- Improves economic development and increases tourism
- Still continuing today - has been very successful thanks to Jan Gehl

18. Jan Gehl
- "By the 60's American values had begun to catch on — separate isolated homes
and everyone driving. The city was suffering so how could we reverse these
patterns? We decided to make the public realm so attractive it would drag people
back into the streets, whilst making it simultaneously difficult to go there by car."
Jan Gehl, 1992
- Promotes an incremental approach to pedestrianization
- From 1962-1988 the number of parking places in the city center was reduced
by 2-3% per year, providing 100,000 square meters of public space
- Encourages a “walking culture” (Ladywalk 2010, ‘Max The Cat’)
- Similar model used (because of the success of Copenhagen) while working with
Oslo, Barcelona, London, Melbourne, Seattle, NYC, San Francisco, etc..

19. - Orange represents Pedestrian Main
Priority Shopping Streets
- Characteristics include:
- enlarged sidewalks
- low vehicle speed
- alternate traffic routes for vehicles
- High concentration of cafe’s, shops,
restaurants
- Design of these streets begins by
examining the needs of pedestrians and
cyclists FIRST

20. Blue-Green City
● Climate change will increase rainfall and
sea levels causing flooding
● The Technical and Environmental
Administration chose to address this
issue now, by working towards a blue-green
city
● Blue-Green Cities aim to reintroduce
the natural water cycle into the urban
environment, while advocating multi
purpose green space and land use.

21. Cloudburst Management Plan
The Cloudburst Management Plan addresses the
challenge of floodwater in a holistic approach
Before
After

22. Park Policy
Goal: to make it so everyone can get to a green space
within 15 minutes

23. Questions?

24. Works Cited
http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/cycle-super-highway/
http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf
http://subsite.kk.dk/sitecore/content/Subsites/CityOfCopenhagen/SubsiteFrontpage/CityCouncil/CityAdministrations/TechnicalAndEnvironmental
Administration.aspx
http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/2012/06/06/cycle-super-highways-to-generate-more-cyclists-in-greater-copenhagen-area/
http://www.copenhagenize.com/2013/09/episode-10-political-will-top-10-design.html
http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/how-denmark-become-a-cycling-nation/
http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/transportation/public-transport
http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/service/tickets-and-prices
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Circle_Line