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Molecular geometry Chapter 6.5
Objectives Explain VSEPR theory Predict the shapes of molecules or polyatomic ions using VSEPR theory Explain how the shapes of molecules are accounted for by the hybridization theory Describe dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding, induced dipoles, and London dispersion forces Explain what determines molecular polarity
Molecular Polarity Uneven distribution of molecular charge ,[object Object],Polarity of each bond As well as, molecular geometry Review: Polarity of each bond Find the difference in electronegativity Use  0 – 0.3      nonpolar-covalent 	   0.3 – 1.7  polar-covalent 		   1.7 – 3.3   Ionic H – O       2.1    3.5 4.  Difference is 1.4, so its polar-covalent _ H   –   O             H   +
VSEPR Theory Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion States that repulsion between the sets of valence-level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be oriented as far apart as possible ,[object Object]
Only two atoms, always linear shape
BeF2, Beryllium does NOT follow octet rule	Hydrogen, H2 Hydrogen Chloride, HCl 180 ,[object Object]
 No repulsion
LinearAB2 F   Be   F
BF3, Boron also does NOT follow the octet rule         F    F    B    F ,[object Object]
 No repulsion
Trigonal Planar120 AB3 ,[object Object],       F    F    C    F        F 109.5 ,[object Object]
 Equal distance
TetrahedralAB4
[object Object]
NH3, Unshared pair pushes down on the three HydrogensH    N    H        H AB3E ,[object Object]
 Repulsion

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Chapter 6.5 : Molecular Geometry