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INTRODUCTION TO LAW OF CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENFORCEABILITY ,[object Object],[object Object]
HISTORY OF INDIAN CONTRACT ACT -1827 ,[object Object],[object Object]
THE ACT AS ENACTED HAS 266SECTIONS DIVIDED IN TO FOLLOWING GROUPS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACT DEFINITION :CONTRACT is a term derived from the Latin word “ CONTRACTUM ” ,which means “ DRAWN   TOGETHER ” sec 2(H) of the Indian contract act 1872 defines contract as “ AN AGREEMENT ENFOCEABLE BY LAW”.   Acc to Pollock: Every agreement and promise enforceable at law is a contract.  Acc to salmond: Contract is an agreement creating and defining obligations between the parties. SO, a contract consists of an agreement and its enforceability by law
AGREEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACT=AGREEMENT+ENFORCEABILITY AT LAW AGREEMENT=OFFER+ACCEPTANCE
Essential elements of valid contract ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OFFER OR PROPOSAL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ESSENTIALS OF A VALID PROPOSAL OR AN OFFER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE PROPOSAL MADE IS VALID OR NOT ,[object Object],[object Object]
COUNTER-OFFER ,[object Object]
COUNTER-OFFER ,[object Object],[object Object]
ACCEPTANCE ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ESSENTIALS OF A VALID ACCEPTANCE  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONSIDERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ESSENTIALS OF A VALID CONSIDERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CAPACITY TO CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MINOR’S AGREEMENT  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHEN CAN A MINOR CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PERSONS OF UNSOUND MIND ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OTHER PERSONS DISQUALIFIED FOR CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACTS BY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FREE CONSENT consent ,[object Object],[object Object]
FREE CONSENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ESSENTIALS TO PROVE AS COERCION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
UNDUE INFLUENCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Assumptions OF UNDUE INFLUNCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FRAUD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MISREPRESENTATION ,[object Object],[object Object]
Misrepresentation may be committed in any of the following ways ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MISTAKE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LEGALITY OF OBJECT AND CONSIDERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Agreements opposed to public policy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTINGENT CONTRACTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RULES REGARDING CONTINGENT CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PERFORMANCE AND DISCHARGE OF A CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DISCHARGE OF CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object]
MODES OF DISCHARGE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACTS OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACT OF GUARANTEE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Requisites   of   a   valid guarantee ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONTRACT OF AGENCY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Principles of Agency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Essentials of a contract of Agency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE SALE OF GOODS ACT, 1930 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Essential elements of contract of sale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CLASSIFICATION OF GOODS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EFFECT OF PERISHING OF GOODS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Performance of contract of sale ,[object Object],[object Object]
Modes of delivery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rules regarding delivery(sec32-38) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acceptance of delivery by the buyer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT-1881 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ESSENTIAL  CHARACTERISTICS OF A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PROMISORY NOTE ,[object Object]
Characteristics of a promissory note: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Raghavendra 8-3-141 Balaji nagar  khammam Rs 10,000/- only  24-10-2009 Three months after date I promise to pay to  kiran kumar  or to his order the sum of rupees ten thousand for value received. To  Kiran kumar 13-rly qtrs Warangal Raghavendra
BILL OF EXCHANGE ,[object Object]
CHEQUE ,[object Object]
CHARACTERSTICS OF A CHEQUE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ENDORSEMENT ,[object Object]
Types of endorsements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HOLDER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DISCHARGE OF PARTIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMPANIES ACT,1956 ,[object Object]
KINDS OF COMPANIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
Formation and Incorporation of a Company ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Memorandum of Association ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Articles of Association ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Company Management and Administration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Appointment of Directors
Powers &duties of directors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Company meetings and resolutions ,[object Object]
KINDS OF MEETINGS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Definition of tax A charge imposed by government on the annual gains of a person, corporation, or other taxable unit derived through work, business pursuits, investments, property dealings, and other sources determined in accordance with the state law A tax levied on the annual earnings of an individual is called personal income tax. Personal Income taxes are levied by the central government. Income Tax Act, 1961 imposes tax on income other than agricultural income. Tax on agricultural income can be imposed only by State Governments
[object Object],[object Object]
Classification of income ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tax is classified in to two categories ,[object Object],[object Object]
Assessee  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Assessment year ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHO IS A PERSON? ,[object Object]
Procedure for advance payment of tax ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Computation by an assessee ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GROSS TOTAL INCOME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 

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B.l.r ppt according to jnt university syllabus

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. CONTRACT DEFINITION :CONTRACT is a term derived from the Latin word “ CONTRACTUM ” ,which means “ DRAWN TOGETHER ” sec 2(H) of the Indian contract act 1872 defines contract as “ AN AGREEMENT ENFOCEABLE BY LAW”. Acc to Pollock: Every agreement and promise enforceable at law is a contract. Acc to salmond: Contract is an agreement creating and defining obligations between the parties. SO, a contract consists of an agreement and its enforceability by law
  • 6.
  • 7. CONTRACT=AGREEMENT+ENFORCEABILITY AT LAW AGREEMENT=OFFER+ACCEPTANCE
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  • 73. Raghavendra 8-3-141 Balaji nagar khammam Rs 10,000/- only 24-10-2009 Three months after date I promise to pay to kiran kumar or to his order the sum of rupees ten thousand for value received. To Kiran kumar 13-rly qtrs Warangal Raghavendra
  • 74.
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  • 100. Definition of tax A charge imposed by government on the annual gains of a person, corporation, or other taxable unit derived through work, business pursuits, investments, property dealings, and other sources determined in accordance with the state law A tax levied on the annual earnings of an individual is called personal income tax. Personal Income taxes are levied by the central government. Income Tax Act, 1961 imposes tax on income other than agricultural income. Tax on agricultural income can be imposed only by State Governments
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