2. Curriculum Organization
Issues in Curriculum Development
Instructional Approaches
Emerging Curriculum Trends: An Agenda
for the Future
Outline
2
3. How do local, state, and federal government
influence education?
How does the local school board work with the
district superintendent in formulating school
policy?
What is the Government’s policy in Cambodian
Education?
What is the different between Educational
System in USA and Cambodia???
NOTE
5. Instructional Approaches
Four sections are discussed in “Instructional
Approaches”:
A. Differentiated Instruction
B. Cooperative Learning
C. Direct Instruction
D. Technology Enhanced Instruction
10. Let students to use their experiences and
the curriculum they are studying.
Give more ways to students to get
knowledge.
(Extended curriculum)
10
11. 1. Competition versus Cooperation
11
Cooperative
learning offers
students new
chances to
experience in
school and helps
them develop a
range of
interpersonal and
individual skills
12. Competition is talked about Winners and
Losers because of different ability and
achievement.
Cooperation is the way to reduce
Competition and increasing Cooperation
among students.
12
14. Students are contributing to the group by
working toward a common goal, they are
motivated to participate in an active
learning experience. It is also necessary
for each group member to make an
individual contribution to group, so
individual accountability is required.
14
15. 3. Benefits of cooperative learning
15
a. Increase self-esteem
b. Lead to positive
academic gains
c. Reduce racial conflict
d. Encourage listening,
engagement, and empathy
16. e. Increase acceptance of special needs
students in the included classroom
f. Increase active involvement in class
16
17. Direct Instruction model has been
incorporated in classrooms, especially at
the elementary level.
It deliberately guided and exactly clear in
order for the learner to know the content
and skills that need to be learned and
performed.
17
18. It is the optimal way to teach and learn
science and other subjects.
18
21. Online courses expand:
related to e-learning.
The future and web-based communities:
Web 2.0 (Webopdeia) focused on the
ability for people to collaborate and
share information online. (Blogs, Wikis,
Slideshare…)
21
26. There has been year of research involved
in the importance of art education and
what art education goals are and the
studies prove that what student gain out of
an art education is almost unbeatable.
27. Where any other course is concerned and an
art education even if it is of a basic nature can
help a student to gain confidence in their
natural creative activities that could lead to
further emotional as well as social
development and even academic
achievement through an increased sense of
concentration. 27
28. Research from the Guggnheim Museum
posits that studying about paintings
sculpture enhances students’ abilities in
other subjects.
29. While there are those who still suggest that
the arts should be taught for their own
merit, the discussion above bolsters their
case that the arts are more than a luxury to
be tacked onto the existing curriculum.
29
30. The number of ELLs entering U.S. public
schools has grown in recent years and will
continue grow in the future.
31. The NYC school system has classified
such students as Students with Interrupted
Formal Education, and it is developing
programs to assist such student succeed
in the school setting.
31
32. The are a number of concerns that face
school officials who provide services for
ELL students, especially those who have
recently immigranted.
32
33. It has been suggested that school reduce
the time devoted to physical education
because more time must be allocated to
tested areas such as reading and
mathematics.
34. Existing physical education program have
been challenged for providing inadequate
amounts of physical activity for maintaining
good health.
34
35. Initial findings suggest that physically fit
students are more likely to do well on
achievement test, experience fewer
discipline problems, and are less likely to
drop out.
36. Health classes are adding more
information about healthy eating habits,
and health educators suggest merging
nutrition education into regular classes.
36
37. A recent survey of environmental literacy in
America suggests that students would be
well served by learning then content and
skills promoted through an environmental
education curriculum.
38. Elementary school can use environment-
based education as a way to integrate
subject matter.
38
39. Specific instructional units with
environmental themes could be infused
into existing biology, chemistry, and
physics courses or separate environmental
science courses could be developed.
