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Quicksmurf! 12/3
• Why do plants make flowers?
    Write your answer based on what
    you already know.
Plant Reproduction
Angiosperms (flowering plants)
• Plants that protect their seeds within the body
  of a fruit.
• Make up ¾’s of all plants, including:
   – Trees, shrubs, herbs,
   grasses, water plants…
What is a fruit?
•   Orange tree?
•   Avocado tree?
•   Pumpkin plant?
•   Zucchini plant?
•   Tomato plant?
Structure of a Flower
Page 138 Life Science Text   1. Pistil
                             2. Stigma
                             3. Style
                             4. Ovary
                             5. Stamen
                             6. Filament
                             7. Anther
                             8. Petal
                             9. Sepal
                             10. Receptacle
                             11. Stem
The Stamen:
Male Reproductive Structure
               Consists of two parts:
                Anther and Filament
               The filament is a stalk
                that supports the anther
               The anther is where
                meiosis occurs to
                produce haploid pollen
               Each pollen grain
                contains sperm cells.
The Pistil:
Female Reproductive Structure
                 Consists of the stigma,
                  style and ovary
                 The sticky stigma
                  receives the pollen
                  from the anther
                 The pollen grows a
                  tube down through the
                  style
                 Meiosis occurs in the
                  ovary to produce
                  haploid ovules
                 Each ovule contains
                  an egg cell.
Reproductive Structures
• Petals: colorful         • Sepals: surround and
 structures that attract     protect the flower bud.
  pollinators.
Sepals: protect immature buds
Pollination
       Wind, insects or other
        animals transfer pollen
        from the anther of one
        flower to the stigma of
        another
       Flowers vary
        depending on
        pollination mechanism
Pollination Vectors
        Wind Pollination: Dull, scentless
         flowers with reduced petals
        Bees/Butterfly Pollination: Bright
        color, nectaries, scent.
        They sip nectar, get pollen on coats,
        transfer pollen from flower to flower
        Bird Pollination: Nectaries, bright
        colors, tube-like flowers
        Moth Pollination: White petals,
        open at night
        Fly Pollination:Rank odor, flesh
        colored petals
• Pollen Grain                      • Anther Sac




Pollen grains contain two haploid cells produced through
meiosis.
       1- The Tube cell – will grow the pollen tube.
       2- The Generative cell – will go through mitosis to create
       two sperm cells.
Plantreproduction
Seed and Fruit Development
                              After fertilization,
                              the petals and
                              sepals fall off
                              flower
                              Ovary “ripens”
                              into a fruit
                              The ovule
                              develops into a
                              seed
See Fig 13 on page 139 Life
Science Text
Seed Dispersal Mechanisms-
Allow plants to colonize new areas and avoid
           shade of parent plant

                 Wind Dispersal - Flight mechanisms,
                 like parachutes, wings, etc.
                 Ex. Dandelion, maples, birch




                 Animal Dispersal - Fleshy fruits which
                 animals eat, drop undigested seeds in
                 feces or burrs which stick to
                 animals’ coats
Gravity Dispersal -
Heavy nuts fall to
ground and roll
ex. acorns




Water Dispersal - Plants
near water create floating
fruits
ex. coconuts

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Plantreproduction

  • 1. Quicksmurf! 12/3 • Why do plants make flowers? Write your answer based on what you already know.
  • 3. Angiosperms (flowering plants) • Plants that protect their seeds within the body of a fruit. • Make up ¾’s of all plants, including: – Trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, water plants…
  • 4. What is a fruit? • Orange tree? • Avocado tree? • Pumpkin plant? • Zucchini plant? • Tomato plant?
  • 5. Structure of a Flower Page 138 Life Science Text 1. Pistil 2. Stigma 3. Style 4. Ovary 5. Stamen 6. Filament 7. Anther 8. Petal 9. Sepal 10. Receptacle 11. Stem
  • 6. The Stamen: Male Reproductive Structure  Consists of two parts: Anther and Filament  The filament is a stalk that supports the anther  The anther is where meiosis occurs to produce haploid pollen  Each pollen grain contains sperm cells.
  • 7. The Pistil: Female Reproductive Structure  Consists of the stigma, style and ovary  The sticky stigma receives the pollen from the anther  The pollen grows a tube down through the style  Meiosis occurs in the ovary to produce haploid ovules  Each ovule contains an egg cell.
  • 8. Reproductive Structures • Petals: colorful • Sepals: surround and structures that attract protect the flower bud. pollinators.
  • 10. Pollination  Wind, insects or other animals transfer pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another  Flowers vary depending on pollination mechanism
  • 11. Pollination Vectors Wind Pollination: Dull, scentless flowers with reduced petals Bees/Butterfly Pollination: Bright color, nectaries, scent. They sip nectar, get pollen on coats, transfer pollen from flower to flower Bird Pollination: Nectaries, bright colors, tube-like flowers Moth Pollination: White petals, open at night Fly Pollination:Rank odor, flesh colored petals
  • 12. • Pollen Grain • Anther Sac Pollen grains contain two haploid cells produced through meiosis. 1- The Tube cell – will grow the pollen tube. 2- The Generative cell – will go through mitosis to create two sperm cells.
  • 14. Seed and Fruit Development After fertilization, the petals and sepals fall off flower Ovary “ripens” into a fruit The ovule develops into a seed See Fig 13 on page 139 Life Science Text
  • 15. Seed Dispersal Mechanisms- Allow plants to colonize new areas and avoid shade of parent plant Wind Dispersal - Flight mechanisms, like parachutes, wings, etc. Ex. Dandelion, maples, birch Animal Dispersal - Fleshy fruits which animals eat, drop undigested seeds in feces or burrs which stick to animals’ coats
  • 16. Gravity Dispersal - Heavy nuts fall to ground and roll ex. acorns Water Dispersal - Plants near water create floating fruits ex. coconuts